AutomationElement使用Inspect.exe显示，但在使用UIAutomationCore.dll或System.Windows.Automation时显示不亮。
TL; DR ：我做错了什么导致工作区窗格显示在Inspect Objects中但未显示在我的自定义代码中？
我正在尝试为第三方程序编写一些UI自动化。我正在使用Inspect.exe附带的Windows SDK，我尝试了System.Windows.Automation和直接COM Calls（使用UIA Verify中的包装库）。
Process[] processes = Process.GetProcessesByName("Redacted Client");
if (processes.Length == 0) throw new Exception("Could not find \"Redacted Client\" process");
PropertyCondition parentFileCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ProcessIdProperty, processes[0].Id);
PropertyCondition workspaceCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Workspace", PropertyConditionFlags.IgnoreCase);
PropertyCondition documentCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Untitled3", PropertyConditionFlags.IgnoreCase);
var parentElement = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, parentFileCond);
var workspaceElement = parentElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, workspaceCond); //Also does not work with TreeScope.Descendants
var documentElement = workspaceElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, documentCond);
当我尝试上面的代码时，parentElement确实有对主程序窗口的正确引用，但workspaceElement为空。
临时解决方法：
如果我将documentElement代码更改为：
var documentElement = parentElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Descendants, documentCond);
我将返回正确的元素。我可以使用它作为一种解决方法，因为文档窗口是我真正想要的那个，但我想知道为什么工作区窗格不会显示，所以我可以提高我的技能，以防我将来遇到这个问题。情况我无法解决。
更新：我尝试过MrGomez的建议
PropertyCondition parentFileCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ProcessIdProperty, 5872);
PropertyCondition panelCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ControlTypeProperty, ControlType.Pane);
var parentElement = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, parentFileCond);
var panels = parentElement.FindAll(TreeScope.Children, panelCond);
我得到3个结果，不幸的是，我有4个面板，而没有出现的面板是名为Workspace的面板。
我还尝试使用TreeWalker
PropertyCondition parentFileCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.ProcessIdProperty, 5872);
PropertyCondition workspaceCond= new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Workspace");
var walker = new TreeWalker(workspaceCond);
var parentElement = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Children, parentFileCond);
var workspaceElement = walker.Normalize(parentElement);
但是workspaceElement
最后，在绝望中，我尝试了Inspect的“NativeWindowHandle”的当前值，并从根节点开始步行。
PropertyCondition workspaceCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NativeWindowHandleProperty, 0x110906);
var walker = new TreeWalker(workspaceCond);
var workspaceElement = walker.Normalize(AutomationElement.RootElement);
Workspace元素 STILL null。
找到结果
我终于让Workspace出现了，但我必须执行
PropertyCondition workspaceCond = new PropertyCondition(AutomationElement.NativeWindowHandleProperty, 0x110906);
var test = AutomationElement.RootElement.FindFirst(TreeScope.Subtree, workspaceCond);
并且需要很长时间才能运行。
旧屏幕捕获
以下是来自Inspect.exe的屏幕截图，显示树视图。
以下是该程序主窗口的属性。
How found: Selected from tree...
RuntimeId: "[42.2557552]"
BoundingRectangle: {l:75 t:1 r:1311 b:1003}
ProcessId: 8160
ControlType: UIA_WindowControlTypeId (0xC370)
LocalizedControlType: "window"
Name: "Redacted"
AccessKey: ""
HasKeyboardFocus: false
IsKeyboardFocusable: true
IsEnabled: true
ClassName: "C:\Program Files (x86)\RedactedProgramFiles7\RedactedClientFolder"
HelpText: ""
IsPassword: false
NativeWindowHandle: 0x270670
IsOffscreen: false
FrameworkId: "Win32"
ProviderDescription: "[pid:4000,hwnd:0x270670 Main:Nested [pid:8160,hwnd:0x270670 Annotation(parent link):Microsoft: Annotation Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll); Main:Microsoft: MSAA Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]; Nonclient:Microsoft: Non-Client Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll); Hwnd(parent link):Microsoft: HWND Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]"
Window.CanMaximize: true
Window.CanMinimize: true
Window.WindowVisualState: Normal (0)
Window.WindowInteractionState: ReadyForUserInteraction (2)
Window.IsModal: false
Window.IsTopmost: false
Transform.CanMove: true
Transform.CanResize: true
Transform.CanRotate: false
LegacyIAccessible.ChildId: 0
LegacyIAccessible.DefaultAction: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Description: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Help: ""
LegacyIAccessible.KeyboardShortcut: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Name: "Redacted"
LegacyIAccessible.Role: client (0xA)
LegacyIAccessible.State: focusable (0x100000)
LegacyIAccessible.Value: ""
IsDockPatternAvailable: false
IsExpandCollapsePatternAvailable: false
IsGridItemPatternAvailable: false
IsGridPatternAvailable: false
IsInvokePatternAvailable: false
IsLegacyIAccessiblePatternAvailable: true
IsMultipleViewPatternAvailable: false
IsRangeValuePatternAvailable: false
IsScrollPatternAvailable: false
IsScrollItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionPatternAvailable: false
IsTablePatternAvailable: false
IsTableItemPatternAvailable: false
IsTextPatternAvailable: false
IsTogglePatternAvailable: false
IsTransformPatternAvailable: true
IsValuePatternAvailable: false
IsWindowPatternAvailable: true
IsItemContainerPatternAvailable: false
IsVirtualizedItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSynchronizedInputPatternAvailable: false
FirstChild: "Workspace" pane
LastChild: "Application" menu bar
Next: "Inspect (HWND: 0x01700F06)" window
Previous: "Sandbox Console (Debugging) - Microsoft Visual Studio (Administrator)" window
Other Props: Object has no additional properties
Children: "Workspace" pane
(null) title bar
"Application" menu bar
Ancestors: "Desktop" pane
[ No Parent ]
以下是问题“工作区”窗格的属性。
How found: Selected from tree...
RuntimeId: "[42.34146524]"
BoundingRectangle: {l:83 t:51 r:1303 b:995}
ProcessId: 8160
ControlType: UIA_PaneControlTypeId (0xC371)
LocalizedControlType: "pane"
Name: "Workspace"
AccessKey: ""
HasKeyboardFocus: false
IsKeyboardFocusable: true
IsEnabled: true
ClassName: "MDIClient"
HelpText: ""
IsPassword: false
NativeWindowHandle: 0x20908DC
IsOffscreen: false
FrameworkId: "Win32"
ProviderDescription: "[pid:4000,hwnd:0x20908DC Main:Nested [pid:8160,hwnd:0x20908DC Annotation(parent link):Microsoft: Annotation Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll); Main:Microsoft: MSAA Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]; Hwnd(parent link):Microsoft: HWND Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]"
LegacyIAccessible.ChildId: 0
LegacyIAccessible.DefaultAction: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Description: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Help: ""
LegacyIAccessible.KeyboardShortcut: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Name: "Workspace"
LegacyIAccessible.Role: client (0xA)
LegacyIAccessible.State: focusable (0x100000)
LegacyIAccessible.Value: ""
IsDockPatternAvailable: false
IsExpandCollapsePatternAvailable: false
IsGridItemPatternAvailable: false
IsGridPatternAvailable: false
IsInvokePatternAvailable: false
IsLegacyIAccessiblePatternAvailable: true
IsMultipleViewPatternAvailable: false
IsRangeValuePatternAvailable: false
IsScrollPatternAvailable: false
IsScrollItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionPatternAvailable: false
IsTablePatternAvailable: false
IsTableItemPatternAvailable: false
IsTextPatternAvailable: false
IsTogglePatternAvailable: false
IsTransformPatternAvailable: false
IsValuePatternAvailable: false
IsWindowPatternAvailable: false
IsItemContainerPatternAvailable: false
IsVirtualizedItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSynchronizedInputPatternAvailable: false
FirstChild: "Untitled3" window
LastChild: "Letters (32638 of 32638):" window
Next: (null) title bar
Previous: [null]
Other Props: Object has no additional properties
Children: "Untitled3" window
"Letters (32638 of 32638):" window
Ancestors: "Redacted" window
"Desktop" pane
[ No Parent ]
以下是“工作”文档窗口的属性。
How found: Selected from tree...
RuntimeId: "[42.9505096]"
BoundingRectangle: {l:85 t:53 r:651 b:491}
ProcessId: 8160
ControlType: UIA_WindowControlTypeId (0xC370)
LocalizedControlType: "window"
Name: "Untitled3"
AccessKey: ""
HasKeyboardFocus: false
IsKeyboardFocusable: true
IsEnabled: true
AutomationId: "10"
ClassName: "ProToolsSubMDIWndClass"
HelpText: ""
IsPassword: false
NativeWindowHandle: 0x910948
IsOffscreen: false
FrameworkId: "Win32"
ProviderDescription: "[pid:4000,hwnd:0x910948 Main:Nested [pid:8160,hwnd:0x910948 Annotation(parent link):Microsoft: Annotation Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll); Main:Microsoft: MSAA Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]; Nonclient:Microsoft: Non-Client Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll); Hwnd(parent link):Microsoft: HWND Proxy (unmanaged:uiautomationcore.dll)]"
Window.CanMaximize: true
Window.CanMinimize: true
Window.WindowVisualState: Normal (0)
Window.WindowInteractionState: ReadyForUserInteraction (2)
Window.IsModal: false
Window.IsTopmost: false
Transform.CanMove: true
Transform.CanResize: true
Transform.CanRotate: false
LegacyIAccessible.ChildId: 0
LegacyIAccessible.DefaultAction: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Description: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Help: ""
LegacyIAccessible.KeyboardShortcut: ""
LegacyIAccessible.Name: "Untitled3"
LegacyIAccessible.Role: client (0xA)
LegacyIAccessible.State: focusable (0x100000)
LegacyIAccessible.Value: ""
IsDockPatternAvailable: false
IsExpandCollapsePatternAvailable: false
IsGridItemPatternAvailable: false
IsGridPatternAvailable: false
IsInvokePatternAvailable: false
IsLegacyIAccessiblePatternAvailable: true
IsMultipleViewPatternAvailable: false
IsRangeValuePatternAvailable: false
IsScrollPatternAvailable: false
IsScrollItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSelectionPatternAvailable: false
IsTablePatternAvailable: false
IsTableItemPatternAvailable: false
IsTextPatternAvailable: false
IsTogglePatternAvailable: false
IsTransformPatternAvailable: true
IsValuePatternAvailable: false
IsWindowPatternAvailable: true
IsItemContainerPatternAvailable: false
IsVirtualizedItemPatternAvailable: false
IsSynchronizedInputPatternAvailable: false
FirstChild: "" thumb
LastChild: (null) title bar
Next: "Letters (32638 of 32638):" window
Previous: [null]
Other Props: Object has no additional properties
Children: "" thumb
(null) title bar
Ancestors: "Workspace" pane
"Redacted" window
"Desktop" pane
[ No Parent ]
1 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：23)
非常好的问题。根据您记录的问题，很明显您的条件：
PropertyCondition workspaceCond = new PropertyCondition(
AutomationElement.NameProperty, "Workspace", PropertyConditionFlags.IgnoreCase);
...评估失败。为什么呢？
答案是如何评估条件。查看您的元素树，我们注意到Workspace的此属性：
IsWindowPatternAvailable: false
主窗口和Untitled3：
IsWindowPatternAvailable: true
UIA_IsWindowPatternAvailablePropertyId 30044标识
IsWindowPatternAvailable属性，该属性指示Window控件模式是否可用于自动化元素。如果TRUE，客户端可以从元素中检索IUIAutomationWindowPattern接口。
我们发现了一个repro in this thread，它意味着与您当前遇到的故障模式相同。我们还注意到此元素缺少Window属性，因为IUIAutomationWindowPattern无法访问。
aforelinked thread提供了一种解决方法。可以使用：
而不是PropertyCondition
public class ConditionMatcher : IMatchConditions
{
public bool Matches(AutomationElement element, Condition condition)
{
return new TreeWalker(condition).Normalize(element) != null;
}
}
或者，或者，可以使用您给出的解决方法，前提是您的树结构保证浅（因此，适合此站点的名称，不会触发堆栈溢出）。
不可否认，这不是最明显的问题。在完美的世界中，MSDN 应该有关于此主题的更好的文档。
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