我不会发布代码，我只会引用相关部分，因为它有点长。
所以，我有一个主.py文件，我定义了一些类。当我运行该文件并使用类中定义的过程时，一切正常。现在，我想创建一个主.py文件，它将导入包含所有定义的文件，即“from some_file import *”。现在，当我执行此文件时，一个过程不起作用并给出NameError（未定义全局名称some_attribute）。现在，此过程在其中一个类中定义，并使用在另一个类中创建的属性。出于某种原因，这个引用不起作用，我想知道我做错了什么。在这里，我将给出“main”文件中的代码：
from fem_obj import *
nd = Node()
nd.nodegen(1, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4)
el = Element()
el.elgen(1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3)
fem_obj是我的类Node和Element的文件。 nd和el当然是他们的实例。 nodegen和elgen是方法。现在，另一个文件中的elgen方法引用了在调用nodegen过程之后创建的属性。而且我得到一个名称错误。即，elgen方法使用nd.nodes，这是一个由nodegen方法创建的列表。
我希望这很清楚，如有必要，我可以发布其他文件的代码。提前感谢您的帮助。
好的，这是fem_obj的代码：
from math import hypot, sqrt
from Tkinter import *
class Node:
def __init__(self):
self.nodes = []
self.nodenum = 0
def nodegen(self, slabel, dlabel, sx, sy, dx, dy, num):
for i in range(1, num + 1):
label = slabel + (i - 1)*dlabel
if self.nodecheck(label) == True:
return "Node %s already exists!" %label
self.nodes = self.nodes + [[label, (sx + (i - 1)*dx, sy + (i - 1)*dy), (0, 0, 0)]]
self.nodenum += 1
def nodegenf(self, slabel, dlabel, sx, dx, num):
f = lambda x: sqrt(1 - x**2)
for i in range(1, num + 1):
label = slabel + (i - 1)*dlabel
if self.nodecheck(label) == True:
return "Node %s already exists!" %label
self.nodes = self.nodes + [[label, (sx + (i - 1)*dx, f(sx + (i - 1)*dx)), (0, 0, 0)]]
self.nodenum += 1
def nodeadd(self, label, sx, sy):
if self.nodecheck(label) == True:
return "Node %s already exists!" %label
self.nodes = self.nodes + [[label, (sx, sy), (0, 0, 0)]]
self.nodenum += 1
def nodedel(self, label):
if self.nodecheck(label) == False:
return "Node %s does not exist!" %label
for i in el.elements:
if label in i[1]:
return "Node %s attached to element %s!" %(label, i[0])
for i in self.nodes:
if label == i[0]:
self.nodes.remove(i)
self.nodenum -= 1
def nodecheck(self, label):
for i in self.nodes:
if label == i[0]:
return True
return False
def noderes(self, label, u, v, r):
if self.nodecheck(label) == False:
return "Node %s does not exist!" %label
for i in self.nodes:
if label == i[0]:
i[2] = (u, v, r)
def nodelist(self):
if self.nodes == []:
return "No nodes defined!"
print "\n"
print "NUMBER OF NODES: ", self.nodenum
print "\n"
print "NODE COORDINATES RESTRAINTS"
print "---- ----------- ----------"
print "\n"
for i in self.nodes:
print i[0], " ", i[1], " ", i[2]
class Element:
def __init__(self):
self.elements = []
self.elnum = 0
def elgen(self, slabel, dlabel, snl, enl, sndl, endl, num):
for i in range(1, num + 1):
label = slabel + (i - 1)*dlabel
if self.elcheck(label) == True:
return "Element %s already exists!" %label
if self.elements != []:
for j in self.elements:
if j[1] == (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl):
return "Element %s endnodes already taken!" %label
hlplst = []
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
hlplst = hlplst + [j[0]]
if snl + (i - 1)*sndl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(snl + (i - 1)*sndl)
if enl + (i - 1)*endl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(enl + (i - 1)*endl)
self.elements = self.elements + [[label, (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl)]]
self.elnum +=1
self.ellen()
def elcheck(self, label):
for i in self.elements:
if label == i[0]:
return True
return False
def eladd(self, label, snl, enl):
if self.elcheck(label) == True:
return "Element %s already exists!" %label
if self.elements != []:
for j in self.elements:
if j[1] == (snl, enl):
return "Endnodes already taken by element %s!" %j[0]
hlplst = []
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
hlplst = hlplst + [j[0]]
if snl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %snl
if enl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %enl
self.elements = self.elements + [[label, (snl, enl)]]
self.elnum +=1
self.ellen()
def eldel(self, label):
if self.elcheck(label) == False:
return "Element %s does not exist!" %label
for i in self.elements:
if label == i[0]:
self.elements.remove(i)
self.elnum -=1
def ellen(self):
if self.elements == []:
return "No elements defined!"
for i in self.elements:
if len(i) == 2:
x1 = y1 = x2 = y2 = 0
for j in nd.nodes:
if i[1][0] == j[0]:
x1 = j[1][0]
y1 = j[1][1]
elif i[1][1] == j[0]:
x2 = j[1][0]
y2 = j[1][1]
i.append(round(hypot(x1 - x2, y1 - y2), 4))
else:
continue
def ellist(self):
if self.elements == []:
return "No elements defined!"
print "\n"
print "NUMBER OF ELEMENTS: ", self.elnum
print "\n"
print "ELEMENT START NODE END NODE LENGTH SECTION"
print "------- ---------- -------- ------ -------"
print "\n"
for i in self.elements:
if len(i) < 4:
print i[0], " ", i[1][0], " ", i[1][1], " ", i[2], " ", "NONE"
else:
print i[0], " ", i[1][0], " ", i[1][1], " ", i[2], " ", i[3]
def sctassign(self, label, slabel, elabel, dlabel):
for i in s1.sections: # s1 reference
if label == i[0]:
break
return "Section %s does not exist!" %label
j = 0
while slabel + j*dlabel <= elabel:
for i in self.elements:
if i[0] == slabel + j*dlabel:
i.append(label)
j += 1
continue
else:
return "Element %e does not exist!" %(slabel + j*dlabel)
我把#nd引用放在Element类里面似乎有问题。对不起，代码有点长......（出现#nd引用注释的行是NameError行）
答案 0 :(得分：3)
也许我误解了，因为这似乎是直截了当的。名称错误是：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "main.py", line 5, in <module>
el.elgen(1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3)
File "/home/snim2/Dropbox/scratch/so/fem_obj.py", line 86, in elgen
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
NameError: global name 'nd' is not defined
和第86行出现在此上下文中：
def elgen(self, slabel, dlabel, snl, enl, sndl, endl, num):
for i in range(1, num + 1):
label = slabel + (i - 1)*dlabel
if self.elcheck(label) == True:
return "Element %s already exists!" %label
if self.elements != []:
for j in self.elements:
if j[1] == (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl):
return "Element %s endnodes already taken!" %label
hlplst = []
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
hlplst = hlplst + [j[0]]
if snl + (i - 1)*sndl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(snl + (i - 1)*sndl)
if enl + (i - 1)*endl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(enl + (i - 1)*endl)
self.elements = self.elements + [[label, (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl)]]
self.elnum +=1
self.ellen()
因此，如果您希望elgen能够使用Node的数组，则需要将它们作为参数传递给该方法，如下所示：
def elgen(self, nd, slabel, dlabel, snl, enl, sndl, endl, num):
for i in range(1, num + 1):
label = slabel + (i - 1)*dlabel
if self.elcheck(label) == True:
return "Element %s already exists!" %label
if self.elements != []:
for j in self.elements:
if j[1] == (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl):
return "Element %s endnodes already taken!" %label
hlplst = []
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
hlplst = hlplst + [j[0]]
if snl + (i - 1)*sndl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(snl + (i - 1)*sndl)
if enl + (i - 1)*endl not in hlplst:
return "Node %s does not exist" %(enl + (i - 1)*endl)
self.elements = self.elements + [[label, (snl + (i - 1)*sndl, enl + (i - 1)*endl)]]
self.elnum +=1
self.ellen()
和main.py：
nd = Node()
nd.nodegen(1, 1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4)
el = Element()
el.elgen(nd, 1, 1, 1, 2, 1, 1, 3)
答案 1 :(得分：0)
我没想到代码本应该做的所有事情，但是，你有困难的路线......
for j in nd.nodes: # nd reference
指的是变量“nd”。除了 main.py 之外，我没有看到定义“nd”的位置。找不到 main.py 。您可以将此问题简化为以下错误代码：
main.py：
from feb_obj import run
nd = "Test"
run()
feb_obj.py：
def run():
print nd # This won't work!
我相信你希望它知道“nd”是“main.py”文件中定义的变量。这不是python的工作原理。 “fem_obj.py”只会看到它自己的范围内定义的内容。它知道什么是“hypot”和“sqrt”，因为你导入了它们。但是，它不知道其他模块中的变量，包括main.py文件。