获取包含第三方库的编译错误

Question

#include<stdio.h>
#include "flite.h"
cst_voice *register_cmu_us_kal();
int main()
{
 cst_voice *v;
 cst_wave *w;
 char *text = "Hello world programming";

 //Initialising the flite variables used
 flite_init();
 w = new_wave();

 v = register_cmu_us_kal(NULL);
 flite_text_to_speech(text,v,"hello_wave");

 if(cst_wave_load_riff(w,"hello_wave")!=CST_OK_FORMAT){
  printf("\nCompare_wave:Can read file or wrong format!\n");
 }
 else{
  play_wave(w);
 }
 return 0;
}

生成文件

all:compile \
  ./compile
compile:eg1.o
  gcc -o $@ eg1.o 
eg1.o:eg1.c $(LIBS_DIR) $(INC_DIR) $(LIBS)
  gcc -c $<
LIBS_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include
LIBS = -lflite_cmu_us_slt -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish
INCLUDE:
clean:
  rm -f *.o






I tried by giving he library and header file paths as LIBS_DIR = ../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib and INC_DIR = ../include

我通过包含第三方库尝试了以下c程序。该程序和一个makefile位于b \ flite-1.4-release \ Learnin_though_example文件夹中。 th flite库位于b \ flite-1.4-release \ build \ i386-linux-gnu \ lib中，头文件位于b \ flite-1.4-release \ include。

我假设我已经为makefile提供了搜索文件的正确路径。但它没有识别它，我得到一个错误，

make clean all
rm -f *.o
gcc -c eg1.c
eg1.c:2:19: error: flite.h: No such file or directory
eg1.c:3: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token
eg1.c: In function ‘main’:
eg1.c:6: error: ‘cst_voice’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:6: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
eg1.c:6: error: for each function it appears in.)
eg1.c:6: error: ‘v’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:7: error: ‘cst_wave’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:7: error: ‘w’ undeclared (first use in this function)
eg1.c:17: error: ‘CST_OK_FORMAT’ undeclared (first use in this function)
make: *** [eg1.o] Error 1

请帮助我理解我正在做的错误

编辑：

我根据matt的指导修改了makefile：

all:compile
compile:eg1.o
  gcc $(INC_DIR) $(LIB_DIR) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS) 
eg1.o:eg1.c
  gcc $(INC_DIR) -o $@ -c $^
LIBS_DIR = -L../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I../include
LIBS = -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt
clean:
  rm -f *.o

但是我得到了使用“make clean all”命令编译的不一致错误，

rm -f *.o
gcc -I../include -o eg1.o -c eg1.c
gcc -I../include  -o compile eg1.o -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_cmu_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt 
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lflite
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [compile] Error 1

编辑：

rm -f *.o
gcc -I../include -o eg1.o -c eg1.c
gcc -I../include -L../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib -o compile eg1.o -lflite -lflite_cmulex -lflite_cmu_time_awb -lflite_cmu_us_kal16 -lflite_cmu_us_kal -lflite_usenglish -lflite_cmu_us_slt -lflite_cmu_us_rms 
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `sin'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `exp'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `sqrt'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `log'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `fmod'
../build/i386-linux-gnu/lib/libflite.so: undefined reference to `pow'

Answer 1

你的makefile是，我不敢说完全坏了。

基本的Makefile语法是：

target: pre-requisite(s)
<tab>Stuff to do to build target from pre-reqs (if required)

所以这是错误的，eg1.o不能成为建立自己的先决条件。

compile:eg1.o
  gcc -o eg1.o 

你应该：

eg1.o: eg1.c
  gcc $(INC_DIR) -o $@ -c $^

（$@是目标，$^所有预先要求。）

然后你可以：

myexe: eg1.o
  gcc $(INC_DIR) $(LIBS_DIR) -o $@ $^ $(LIBS)

这将从myexe生成eg1.o。并且您的all规则应该是all: myexe，没有配方（没有命令），并且在您拥有它时位于顶部。

然后你的include目录和库目录已经混淆了。 -I适用于包含路径，库路径为-L。

将变量定义放在规则之前，这是更常见/通常的。并且不要在-L / -I和其后的路径之间留出空格。

Answer 2

要搜索的include directories由-I标志指定，而不是-L。

变化：

LIBS_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include

为：

LIBS_DIR = -L /home/b/flite-1.4-release/build/i386-linux-gnu/lib
INC_DIR = -I /home/b/flite-1.4-relase/include