在Python中使用isinstance检查特定类型的异常是否合理?

时间:2012-02-11 23:41:39

标签: python exception-handling introspection dnspython

在Python中捕获一般异常是否合理,然后使用isinstance()检测特定类型的异常以便正确处理它?<​​/ p>

我现在正在使用dnspython工具包,它有一系列例外,例如超时,NXDOMAIN响应等。这些例外是dns.exception.DNSException的子类,所以我想知道是否捕获DNSException然后用isinstance()检查特定异常是合理的还是pythonic。

e.g。

try:
    answers = dns.resolver.query(args.host)
except dns.exception.DNSException as e:
    if isinstance(e, dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN):
        print "No such domain %s" % args.host
    elif isinstance(e, dns.resolver.Timeout):
        print "Timed out while resolving %s" % args.host
    else:
        print "Unhandled exception"

我是Python的新手,所以要温柔!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:20)

这就是多个except条款的用途:

try:
    answers = dns.resolver.query(args.host)
except dns.resolver.NXDOMAIN:
    print "No such domain %s" % args.host
except dns.resolver.Timeout:
    print "Timed out while resolving %s" % args.host
except dns.exception.DNSException:
    print "Unhandled exception"

注意子句的顺序:将采用第一个匹配子句,因此将超类的检查移到最后。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

从dns.resolver可以导入一些例外。 (未经测试的代码)

from dns.resolver import Resolver, NXDOMAIN, NoNameservers, Timeout, NoAnswer

try
    host_record = self.resolver.query(self.host, "A")
    if len(host_record) > 0:
        Mylist['ERROR'] = False
        # Do something

except NXDOMAIN:
    Mylist['ERROR'] = True
    Mylist['ERRORTYPE'] = NXDOMAIN
except NoNameservers:
    Mylist['ERROR'] = True
    Mylist['ERRORTYPE'] = NoNameservers
except Timeout:
    Mylist['ERROR'] = True
    Mylist['ERRORTYPE'] = Timeout
except NameError:
    Mylist['ERROR'] = True
    Mylist['ERRORTYPE'] = NameError