尝试通过Tomcat 7运行我的Spring 3.1.0 MVC应用程序时出现以下错误：
匹配的通配符是严格的，但是找不到声明 element'mvc：annotation-driven'。
这是我的mvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- the application context definition for the springapp DispatcherServlet -->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index" />
</beans>
这是我的servlet
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
<import resource="mvc-config.xml" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jr.freedom.controllers"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
最后，这是tomcat 7的完整例外
> org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException:
> Configuration problem: Failed to import bean definitions from relative
> location [mvc-config.xml] Offending resource: ServletContext resource
> [/WEB-INF/FreedomSpring-servlet.xml]; nested exception is
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException:
> Line 11 in XML document from ServletContext resource
> [/WEB-INF/mvc-config.xml] is invalid; nested exception is
> org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching
> wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element
> 'mvc:annotation-driven'. at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.FailFastProblemReporter.error(FailFastProblemReporter.java:68)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:85)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:76)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.importBeanDefinitionResource(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:271)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseDefaultElement(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:196)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:181)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.doRegisterBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:140)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:111)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:493)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:334)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:302)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:174)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:209)
> at
> org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180)
> at
> org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
> at
> org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
> at
> org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:131)
> at
> org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
> at
> org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:436)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:631)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:588)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:645)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:508)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:449)
> at
> org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:133)
> at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:160) at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1266)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1185)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1080)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5015)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5302)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:897)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:873)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:615)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:958)
> at
> org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1599)
> at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Unknown
> Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(Unknown
> Source) at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source) at
> java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(Unknown Source)
> at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
> at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
编辑。这是我的build.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project name="springapp" basedir="." default="usage">
<property file="build.properties"/>
<property name="src.dir" value="src"/>
<property name="web.dir" value="war"/>
<property name="build.dir" value="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<property name="name" value="FreedomSpring"/>
<path id="master-classpath">
<fileset dir="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/lib">
<include name="*.jar"/>
</fileset>
<!-- We need the servlet API classes: -->
<!-- * for Tomcat 5/6 use servlet-api.jar -->
<!-- * for other app servers - check the docs -->
<fileset dir="${appserver.lib}">
<include name="servlet*.jar"/>
</fileset>
<pathelement path="${build.dir}"/>
</path>
<target name="usage">
<echo message=""/>
<echo message="${name} build file"/>
<echo message="-----------------------------------"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message="Available targets are:"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message="build --> Build the application"/>
<echo message="deploy --> Deploy application as directory"/>
<echo message="deploywar --> Deploy application as a WAR file"/>
<echo message="install --> Install application in Tomcat"/>
<echo message="reload --> Reload application in Tomcat"/>
<echo message="start --> Start Tomcat application"/>
<echo message="stop --> Stop Tomcat application"/>
<echo message="list --> List Tomcat applications"/>
<echo message=""/>
</target>
<target name="build" description="Compile main source tree java files">
<mkdir dir="${build.dir}"/>
<javac destdir="${build.dir}" source="1.5" target="1.5" debug="true"
deprecation="false" optimize="false" failonerror="true">
<src path="${src.dir}"/>
<classpath refid="master-classpath"/>
</javac>
</target>
<target name="deploy" depends="build" description="Deploy application">
<copy todir="${deploy.path}/${name}" preservelastmodified="true">
<fileset dir="${web.dir}">
<include name="**/*.*"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
</target>
<target name="deploywar" depends="build" description="Deploy application as a WAR file">
<war destfile="${name}.war"
webxml="${web.dir}/WEB-INF/web.xml">
<fileset dir="${web.dir}">
<include name="**/*.*"/>
</fileset>
</war>
<copy todir="${deploy.path}" preservelastmodified="true">
<fileset dir=".">
<include name="*.war"/>
</fileset>
</copy>
</target>
<!-- ============================================================== -->
<!-- Tomcat tasks - remove these if you don't have Tomcat installed -->
<!-- ============================================================== -->
<path id="catalina-ant-classpath">
<!-- We need the Catalina jars for Tomcat -->
<!-- * for other app servers - check the docs -->
<fileset dir="${appserver.lib}">
<include name="catalina-ant.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>
<taskdef name="install" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.DeployTask">
<classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="reload" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ReloadTask">
<classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="list" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.ListTask">
<classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="start" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StartTask">
<classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<taskdef name="stop" classname="org.apache.catalina.ant.StopTask">
<classpath refid="catalina-ant-classpath"/>
</taskdef>
<target name="install" description="Install application in Tomcat">
<echo message="deploy path = ${deploy.path}/${name}"/>
<install url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
path="${deploy.path}/${name}"
war="${deploy.path}/"/>
</target>
<target name="reload" description="Reload application in Tomcat">
<reload url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
path="/${name}"/>
</target>
<target name="start" description="Start Tomcat application">
<start url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
path="${deploy.path}/${name}"/>
</target>
<target name="stop" description="Stop Tomcat application">
<stop url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
password="${tomcat.manager.password}"
path="${deploy.path}/${name}"/>
</target>
<target name="list" description="List Tomcat applications">
<list url="${tomcat.manager.url}"
username="${tomcat.manager.username}"
password="${tomcat.manager.password}"/>
</target>
<!-- End Tomcat tasks -->
</project>
答案 0 :(得分：12)
您需要在架构位置中使用此功能：
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd
答案 1 :(得分：3)
@jonney 缺少的库是spring-webmvc。
Maven依赖： org.springframework 弹簧webmvc $ {} spring.version
答案 2 :(得分：2)
您需要将以下内容添加到架构位置：
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd
答案 3 :(得分：1)
我遇到了同样的问题，但又添加了
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
到我的调度程序servlet中的模式位置。没有指定的版本号，我能够运行此修复没有问题。我不建议将版本号硬编码到您的架构位置，因为这可能会导致您的servlet / context和pom.xml之间发生冲突（假设您正在使用maven，即）。如果你必须这样做，最好在pom.xml中更新它们。