我正在开发一个.net项目，它可以通过用户输入的IP地址连接到不同的机器。
我正在尝试使用正则表达式验证输入的IP地址。我已经在互联网上搜索了一段时间了，我无法获得正确的正则表达式。
我写了一个小程序来测试正则表达式，请参阅here，（IP地址是随机生成的，如果某些IP地址属于某人，我很抱歉）
您可以帮助我找到一个可行的解决方案，在客户端验证用户输入吗？ （它可以是IPv4，IPv6或主机名，端口不包含在地址中）
感谢。
答案 0 :(得分：31)
我已经钉了它：http://jsfiddle.net/AJEzQ/
^(([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.){3}([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])$|^(([a-zA-Z]|[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9])\.)*([A-Za-z]|[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9\-]*[A-Za-z0-9])$|^(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){6})(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:::(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){5})(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){4})(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,1}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){3})(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,2}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){2})(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,3}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):)(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,4}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::)(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9]))\.){3}(?:(?:25[0-5]|(?:[1-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-4])?[0-9])))))))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,5}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::)(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))|(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})):){0,6}(?:(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})))?::))))$
答案 1 :(得分：30)
我设法将一个与我能想到的IPv6，IPv4和主机名匹配的正则表达式组合在一起，不幸的是，似乎无效的IP地址是有效的主机名，在某些情况下，但我想这没关系。
所以这里是正则表达式:)可以找到测试程序here
(^\s*((25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?))\s*$)|(^\s*((?=.{1,255}$)[0-9A-Za-z](?:(?:[0-9A-Za-z]|\b-){0,61}[0-9A-Za-z])?(?:\.[0-9A-Za-z](?:(?:[0-9A-Za-z]|\b-){0,61}[0-9A-Za-z])?)*\.?)\s*$)|(^\s*((([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){7}([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){5}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,2})|:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){4}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,3})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})?:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){3}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,4})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,2}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){2}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,5})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,3}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){1}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,6})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,4}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(:(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,7})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,5}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:)))(%.+)?\s*$)
(
^
\s*( //IPv4
(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)
)\s*
$
)
|
(
^
\s*( //Hostname RFC 1123
(?=.{1,255}$)[0-9A-Za-z](?:(?:[0-9A-Za-z]|\b-){0,61}[0-9A-Za-z])?(?:\.[0-9A-Za-z](?:(?:[0-9A-Za-z]|\b-){0,61}[0-9A-Za-z])?)*\.?
)\s*
$
)
|
(
^
\s*( //IPv6
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){7}([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6}(:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}|((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){5}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,2})|:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3})|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){4}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,3})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})?:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){3}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,4})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,2}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){2}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,5})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,3}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){1}(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,6})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,4}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))|(:(((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){1,7})|((:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}){0,5}:((25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)(\.(25[0-5]|2[0-4]\d|1\d\d|[1-9]?\d)){3}))|:))
)(%.+)?\s*
$
)
另见：
Regular expression to match DNS hostname or IP Address?
RFC 1123
IPv6 Validator
答案 2 :(得分：0)
在强大的ippaddr.js库[2]中可以找到：
全面的JS列表-（与较早答案的RegEx战场相对：)）-以模块化方式以编程方式构造正则表达式。
这可以将这些正则表达式的复杂性分解为更容易掌握的基本部分。它还可以让您节省代码大小：）
注意：这仅用于验证 IP地址版本4和6（不适用于主机名或其他与URI RFC相关的东西）：
// A list of regular expressions that match arbitrary IPv4 addresses,
// for which a number of weird notations exist.
// Note that an address like 0010.0xa5.1.1 is considered legal.
const ipv4Part = '(0?\\d+|0x[a-f0-9]+)';
const ipv4Regexes = {
fourOctet: new RegExp(`^${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}$`, 'i'),
threeOctet: new RegExp(`^${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}$`, 'i'),
twoOctet: new RegExp(`^${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}$`, 'i'),
longValue: new RegExp(`^${ipv4Part}$`, 'i')
};
// Regular Expression for checking Octal numbers
const octalRegex = new RegExp(`^0[0-7]+$`, 'i');
const hexRegex = new RegExp(`^0x[a-f0-9]+$`, 'i');
const zoneIndex = '%[0-9a-z]{1,}';
// IPv6-matching regular expressions.
// For IPv6, the task is simpler: it is enough to match the colon-delimited
// hexadecimal IPv6 and a transitional variant with dotted-decimal IPv4 at
// the end.
const ipv6Part = '(?:[0-9a-f]+::?)+';
const ipv6Regexes = {
zoneIndex: new RegExp(zoneIndex, 'i'),
'native': new RegExp(`^(::)?(${ipv6Part})?([0-9a-f]+)?(::)?(${zoneIndex})?$`, 'i'),
deprecatedTransitional: new RegExp(`^(?:::)(${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}(${zoneIndex})?)$`, 'i'),
transitional: new RegExp(`^((?:${ipv6Part})|(?:::)(?:${ipv6Part})?)${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}\\.${ipv4Part}(${zoneIndex})?$`, 'i')
};
正则表达式部分的这种整洁性带来了价格，所需的解析逻辑更加“分叉”：）
请在此处检查相应的解析方法：
IPv4.parser：https://github.com/whitequark/ipaddr.js/blob/8c18488416e20f2d624ab6f727638673018a2a46/lib/ipaddr.js#L405
IPv6.parser：https://github.com/whitequark/ipaddr.js/blob/8c18488416e20f2d624ab6f727638673018a2a46/lib/ipaddr.js#L799
上面的正则表达式与解析逻辑相结合，通过足够条件对两种地址类型进行断言（就像先前答案的mega-regex上的直接匹配一样）。
OTOH，每种地址类型可能都有许多必要条件。我们可以使用它们来断言相反的内容（输入是两种类型的 not ）：检查缺少:字符是断言地址的一种方法，肯定不是 not IP v6。当想要简单地以最佳方式区分同类输入（即对其进行分类）时，这可能会派上用场。首先在不包含冒号的输入上运行整个IPv6-regex会产生开销。
同样值得注意的是，上述库在进行IPv6验证时（或者特别是打算区分两种地址类型的输入时）也实现了充分条件与必要条件之间的差异[1]：
ipaddr.IPv6.isValid = function (string) {
// Since IPv6.isValid is always called first, this shortcut
// provides a substantial performance gain.
if (typeof string === 'string' && string.indexOf(':') === -1) {
return false;
}
try {
const addr = this.parser(string);
new this(addr.parts, addr.zoneId);
return true;
} catch (e) {
return false;
}
};
ipaddr.js在v4和v6之间进行区分：function getIpVersionNum(addr) {
try {
const parse_addr = ipaddr.parse(addr);
const kind = parse_addr.kind();
if (kind === 'ipv4') {
return 4; //IPv4
} else if (kind === 'ipv6') {
return 6; //IPv6
} else {
throw new Error('unexpected return value');
}
// parse() will throw an error when address passes neither validation
} catch (err) {
return 0; //not 4 or 6
}
}
[1] https://github.com/whitequark/ipaddr.js/blob/master/lib/ipaddr.js#L750-L765 [2] https://www.npmjs.com/package/ipaddr.js
答案 3 :(得分：0)
在node.js中，您可以使用内置模块net，该模块具有net.isIP(ip)，net.isIPv4(ip)和net.isIPv6(ip)。