Question

我有一个过于复杂的二进制表达式树构建系统它接收一个字符串和一对对象（播放器和世界）

树上的每个节点代表一个外部函数，它接受一个字符串，播放器和世界，并返回一个bool（用于测试）一个字符串（用于输出）或void（用于操作）

我的问题有三个：首先，我需要使用类似Expression.Condition或Expression.IfThenElse的内容，其中测试表达式的格式为Expression<func<string, Player, World, bool>>，而不是Expresson<bool>（因为Expression.And会输出）

其次，我需要确保Player和World的内存引用始终保持相同 - 这样，如果树中的一个节点更新了Player内的某些内容，那么它仍将在下一个节点更新。 / p>

最后，我需要将所有字符串相互追加。

如果我可以对树进行硬编码，最终可能会看起来像这样：

    class Main
    {
        string Foo(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            string output;
            output += SomeClass.PrintStarting();
            if (SomeClass.Exists(text, world, player))
            {
                output += SomeClass.PrintName(text, world, player);
                SomeClass.KillPlayer(text, world, player);
                if (SomeClass.Exists(text, world, player))
                    output += SomeClass.PrintSurvived(text, world, player);
            }
            else
                output += SomeClass.PrintNotExists(text, world, player);
            return output;
        }
    }
    public class SomeClass
    {
        string PrintStart(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            return "Starting.\n";
        }

        bool Exists(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            player.Lives;
        }

        string PrintName(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            return player.Name + ".\n";
        }

        string PrintSurvived(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            return player.Name + "died.\n";
        }

        string PrintNotExists(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            return "This person does not exist.\n";
        }

        void KillPlayer(string text, World world, Player player)
        {
            if (text != "kidding")
                player.Lives = false;
        }
    }

进一步阐述：我有一个SomeClass的实例及其所有test / assign / string方法。然后我创建一个Expression<func<string[], World, Player, bool>>，Expression<Action<string[], World, Player>>和Expression<func<string[], World, Player, string>>的列表，并开始将它们一起放入表达式树中。我所处理的事情的实际排序（例如）：

    public string Foo2(string text, World world, Player player)
    {
        ParameterExpression result = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string), "result");
        ParameterExpression inputString = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string[]), "inputString");
        ParameterExpression inputWorld = Expression.Parameter(typeof(World), "inputWorld");
        ParameterExpression inputPlayer = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Player), "inputPlayer");
        System.Reflection.MethodInfo methodInfo = typeof(string).GetMethod("Concat", new Type[] { typeof(string), typeof(string) });

        Expression textPrintStarting = (Expression<Func<string, World, Player, string>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.PrintStarting(Text, World, Player));
        Expression testExists = (Expression<Func<string, World, Player, bool>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.Exists(Text, World, Player));
        Expression textPrintName = (Expression<Func<string, World, Player, string>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.PrintName(Text, World, Player));
        Expression killPlayer = (Expression<Action<string, World, Player>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.KillPlayer(Text, World, Player));
        Expression textPrintSurvived = (Expression<Func<string, World, Player, string>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.PrintSurvived(Text, World, Player));
        Expression textPrintNotExist = (Expression<Func<string, World, Player, string>>)((Text, World, Player) => SomeClass.PrintNotExists(Text, World, Player));


        Expression innerTest =
            Expression.Condition(
                Expression.Invoke(Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, bool>>(testExists, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer)),
                Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintSurvived, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer))),
                Expression.Empty());

        Expression success = 
            Expression.Block(
                Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintName, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer))),
                Expression.Lambda<Action<string, World, Player>>(killPlayer, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer),
                innerTest);

        Expression failure =
            Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintNotExist, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer)));

        Expression outerTest = 
            Expression.Condition(
                Expression.Invoke(Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, bool>>(testExists, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer)),
                success,
                failure);

        Expression finalExpression =
            Expression.Block(
                Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintStarting, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer))),
                outerTest);

        return Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(
                Expression.Block(new[] { result }, 
                finalExpression)).Compile()(text, world, player);
    }

问题在于Condition语句会抛出错误，因为它无法从Func转换为bool。我也不确定参数是否传入（因为我无法通过调试）

Answer 1

经过多次涉及MethodInfo，我在写作时发现：

Expression innerTest =
    Expression.Condition(
        Expression.Invoke(Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, bool>>(testExists, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer)),
        Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintSurvived, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer))),
        Expression.Empty());

Expression.Lambda通过将Func<string, World, Player, string>转换为Func<string, World, Player, Func<string, World, Player, string>>

为我的代码添加了一层复杂性

Expression.Invoke剥离了这个最初让我困惑的添加层。有了这个令人吃惊的启示，我将其更新为：

 Expression innerTest =
        Expression.IfThen(
            Expression.Invoke(testExists, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer),
            Expression.Assign(result, Expression.Call(methodInfo, result, Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(textPrintSurvived, inputString, inputWorld, inputPlayer))));

Answer 2

我尝试将该代码表达为表达式。这就是我提出的。我不知道它是否适用于所有情况，但它编译并且似乎在我的测试中有效。

// reference method
static string Foo(string text, World world, Player player)
{
    string output = SomeClass.PrintStarting();
    if (SomeClass.Exists(text, world, player))
    {
        output += SomeClass.PrintName(text, world, player);
        SomeClass.KillPlayer(text, world, player);
        if (SomeClass.Exists(text, world, player))
            output += SomeClass.PrintSurvived(text, world, player);
    }
    else
        output += SomeClass.PrintNotExists(text, world, player);
    return output;
}

// helper method
static Expression AddAssignStrings(ParameterExpression left, Expression right)
{
    var stringType = typeof(string);
    var concatMethod = stringType.GetMethod("Concat", new[] { stringType, stringType });
    return Expression.Assign(
        left,
        Expression.Call(concatMethod, left, right)
    );
}

var text = Expression.Parameter(typeof(string), "text");
var world = Expression.Parameter(typeof(World), "world");
var player = Expression.Parameter(typeof(Player), "player");
var output = Expression.Variable(typeof(string), "output");

// looks safe to reuse this array for the expressions
var arguments = new ParameterExpression[] { text, world, player };

var someClassType = typeof(SomeClass);
// assuming the methods are all publicly accessible
var printStartingMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("PrintStarting");
var existsMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("Exists");
var printNameMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("PrintName");
var killPlayerMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("KillPlayer");
var printSurvivedMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("PrintSurvived");
var printNotExistsMethod = someClassType.GetMethod("PrintNotExists");

var ifTrueBlockContents = new Expression[]
{
    AddAssignStrings(output, Expression.Call(printNameMethod, arguments)),

    Expression.Call(killPlayerMethod, arguments),

    Expression.IfThen(
        Expression.Call(existsMethod, arguments),
        AddAssignStrings(output, Expression.Call(printSurvivedMethod, arguments))
    ),
};

var blockContents = new Expression[]
{
    Expression.Assign(output, Expression.Call(printStartingMethod)),

    Expression.IfThenElse(
        Expression.Call(existsMethod, arguments),
        Expression.Block(ifTrueBlockContents),
        AddAssignStrings(output, Expression.Call(printNotExistsMethod, arguments))
    ),

    output,
};

var body = Expression.Block(typeof(string), new ParameterExpression[] { output }, blockContents);

var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<string, World, Player, string>>(body, arguments);

这是表达式的调试视图：

.Lambda #Lambda1<System.Func`4[System.String,Test.World,Test.Player,System.String]>(
    System.String $text,
    Test.World $world,
    Test.Player $player) {
    .Block(System.String $output) {
        $output = .Call Test.SomeClass.PrintStarting();
        .If (
            .Call Test.SomeClass.Exists(
                $text,
                $world,
                $player)
        ) {
            .Block() {
                $output = .Call System.String.Concat(
                    $output,
                    .Call Test.SomeClass.PrintName(
                        $text,
                        $world,
                        $player));
                .Call Test.SomeClass.KillPlayer(
                    $text,
                    $world,
                    $player);
                .If (
                    .Call Test.SomeClass.Exists(
                        $text,
                        $world,
                        $player)
                ) {
                    $output = .Call System.String.Concat(
                        $output,
                        .Call Test.SomeClass.PrintSurvived(
                            $text,
                            $world,
                            $player))
                } .Else {
                    .Default(System.Void)
                }
            }
        } .Else {
            $output = .Call System.String.Concat(
                $output,
                .Call Test.SomeClass.PrintNotExists(
                    $text,
                    $world,
                    $player))
        };
        $output
    }
}

Func <string，bool =“”> bool用于表达式树</string，>

2 个答案: