在oracle11g中创建参数化视图

时间:2012-01-26 20:16:29

标签: oracle views oracle11g

我有一个关于嵌套和左连接的大查询,并且Ineed创建了一个视图,以便不从应用程序运行它。问题是我需要日期范围和其他一些字段作为输入参数,因为它会因每个请求的前端而异。 我只是查了一下,看到一些帖子指的是使用SYS_CONTEXT进行参数化视图,并且需要确切地知道如何使用2个参数创建视图 - fromdate, todate以及如何从应用程序调用视图。

仅供参考我使用grails / groovy开发应用程序。 这是我想要创建视图的查询..

 select 
    d.dateInRange as dateval,
    eventdesc,
    nvl(td.dist_ucnt, 0) as dist_ucnt
from (
    select 
        to_date(fromdate,'dd-mon-yyyy') + rownum - 1 as dateInRange
    from all_objects
    where rownum <= to_date(fromdate,'dd-mon-yyyy') - to_date(todate,'dd-mon-yyyy') + 1
) d
left join (
    select 
        to_char(user_transaction.transdate,'dd-mon-yyyy') as currentdate,
        count(distinct(grauser_id)) as dist_ucnt,
        eventdesc 
    from
        gratransaction, user_transaction 
  where gratransaction.id = user_transaction.trans_id and 
  user_transaction.transdate between to_date(fromdate,'dd-mon-yyyy') and to_date(todate,'dd-mon-yyyy') 
    group by  to_char(user_transaction.transdate, 'dd-mon-yyyy'), eventdesc 
) td on td.currentdate = d.dateInRange order by d.dateInRange asc

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:15)

此处描述了上下文方法:http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/network.111/b28531/app_context.htm

e.g。 (例子改编自上面的链接)

CREATE CONTEXT dates_ctx USING set_dates_ctx_pkg;

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE set_dates_ctx_pkg IS 
  PROCEDURE set(d1 in date, d2 in date); 
END; 
/

CREATE OR REPLACE PACKAGE BODY set_dates_ctx_pkg IS
  PROCEDURE set(d1 in date, d2 in date) IS 
  BEGIN 
    DBMS_SESSION.SET_CONTEXT('dates_ctx', 'd1', TO_CHAR(d1,'DD-MON-YYYY'));
    DBMS_SESSION.SET_CONTEXT('dates_ctx', 'd2', TO_CHAR(d2,'DD-MON-YYYY'));
  END;
END;
/

然后,使用以下命令设置应用程序中的日期:

BEGIN set_dates_ctx_pkg.set(mydate1, mydate2); END;
/

然后,使用以下方法查询参数:

SELECT bla FROM mytable
WHERE mydate
  BETWEEN TO_DATE(
            SYS_CONTEXT('dates_ctx', 'd1')
          ,'DD-MON-YYYY')
      AND TO_DATE(
            SYS_CONTEXT('dates_ctx', 'd2')
          ,'DD-MON-YYYY');

这种方法的优点是它非常适合查询;它在运行时不涉及DDL或DML,因此没有任何事务需要担心;它非常快,因为它不涉及SQL-PL / SQL上下文切换。

可替换地:

如果您无法使用上下文方法和John的包变量方法,则另一种方法是将参数插入表中(例如,如果您正在运行查询中的全局临时表)同一会话),然后从视图加入到该表。缺点是您现在必须确保运行一些DML以在需要运行查询时插入参数。

答案 1 :(得分:6)

我刚刚为这个恼人的Oracle劣势做了一个解决方法。喜欢这个

create or replace package pkg_utl
as
  type test_record is record (field1 number, field2 number, ret_prm_date date);
  type test_table is table of test_record;
  function get_test_table(prm_date date) return test_table pipelined;
end;
/

create or replace package body pkg_utl
as
  function get_test_table(prm_date date) return test_table pipelined
  is
  begin
    for item in (
      select 1, 2, prm_date
      from dual
    ) loop
      pipe row (item);
    end loop;
    return;
  end get_test_table;
end;
/

它仍然需要一个包,但至少我可以更方便地使用它:

select *
from table(pkg_utl.get_test_table(sysdate))

我不确定表现......

答案 2 :(得分:4)

要在视图中使用参数,一种方法是创建一个包,该包将设置参数的值并具有可以调用以获取这些值的函数。例如:

create or replace package MYVIEW_PKG as
  procedure SET_VALUES(FROMDATE date, TODATE date);

  function GET_FROMDATE
    return date;

  function GET_TODATE
    return date;
end MYVIEW_PKG;

create or replace package body MYVIEW_PKG as
  G_FROM_DATE   date;
  G_TO_DATE     date;

  procedure SET_VALUES(P_FROMDATE date, P_TODATE date) as
  begin
    G_FROM_DATE := P_FROMDATE;
    G_TO_DATE := P_TODATE;
  end;

  function GET_FROMDATE
    return date is
  begin
    return G_FROM_DATE;
  end;

  function GET_TODATE
    return date is
  begin
    return G_TO_DATE;
  end;
end MYVIEW_PKG;

然后可以创建您的视图:

create or replace view myview as
    select 
        d.dateInRange as dateval,
        eventdesc,
        nvl(td.dist_ucnt, 0) as dist_ucnt
    from (
        select 
            MYVIEW_PKG.GET_FROMDATE + rownum - 1 as dateInRange
        from all_objects
        where rownum <= MYVIEW_PKG.GET_FROMDATE - MYVIEW_PKG.GET_TODATE + 1
    ) d
    left join (
        select 
            to_char(user_transaction.transdate,'dd-mon-yyyy') as currentdate,
            count(distinct(grauser_id)) as dist_ucnt,
            eventdesc 
        from
            gratransaction, user_transaction 
      where gratransaction.id = user_transaction.trans_id and 
      user_transaction.transdate between MYVIEW_PKG.GET_FROMDATE and MYVIEW_PKG.GET_TODATE
        group by  to_char(user_transaction.transdate, 'dd-mon-yyyy'), eventdesc 
    ) td on td.currentdate = d.dateInRange order by d.dateInRange asc;

要运行它,您必须先设置值:

exec MYVIEW_PKG.SET_VALUES(trunc(sysdate)-1,trunc(sysdate));

然后调用它将使用这些值:

select * from myview;