如何从char指针转换为自定义对象指针

时间:2012-01-24 16:13:03

标签: c++ serialization casting deserialization leveldb

我正在使用leveldb来存储整数和MyClass对象的键值对。实际上,一个键可以包含多个这些对象。 从数据库中检索数据时出现的问题。它编译,但MyClass成员的值不是我放入数据库的值。

std::string value;
leveldb::Slice keySlice = ANYKEY;
levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);

std::string value1现在只能包含一个或更多MyClass对象。那我怎么得到它们呢?

我已经尝试过以下无法正常工作的内容;

1。)直接进行类型转换和memcpy

std::vector<MyClass> vObjects;
MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
memcpy((void*)obj, (void*) (value.c_str()), value.size());
MyClass dummyObj;
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
    dummyObj = *(obj+i);
    vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}

2。)reinterpret_cast to void pointer

MyClass* obj = (MyClass*)malloc( value.size());
const void* vobj = reinterpret_cast<const void*>( value.c_str() );
int numValues = value.size()/sizeof(MyClass);
for( int i=0; i<numValues; ++i) {
    const MyClass dummyObj = *(reinterpret_cast<const MyClass*>(vobj)+i);
    vObjects.push_back(dummyObj);
}

MyClass是几个公共成员的集合,例如unsigned int和unsigned char,它有一个稳定的大小。

我知道只有一个对象存在类似的问题。但在我的情况下,矢量可以包含多个,它来自leveldb数据库。

编辑:解决方案

我为MyClass编写了(de)序列化方法,然后使其工作。谢谢你的提示!

void MyClass::serialize( char* outBuff ) {
    memcpy(outBuff, (const void*) &aVar, sizeof(aVar));
    unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
    memcpy(outBuff+c, (const void*) &bVar, sizeof(bVar));
    c += sizeof(bVAr);
    /* and so on */
}

void MyClass::deserialize( const char* inBuff ) {
    memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff, sizeof(aVar));
    unsigned int c = sizeof(aVar);
    memcpy((void*) &aVar, inBuff+c, sizeof(aVar));
    c += sizeof(aVar);
    /* and so on */
}

get方法如下(put类似):

int getValues(leveldb::Slice keySlice, std::vector<MyObj>& values) const {
    std::string value;  
    leveldb::Status status = levelDBObj->Get(leveldb::ReadOptions(), keySlice, &value);
    if (!status.ok()) {
        values.clear();
            return -1;
    }

    int nValues = value1.size()/sizeof(CHit);
    MyObj dummyObj;
    for( int i=0; i<nValues; ++i) {
        dummyObj.deserialize(value.c_str()+i*sizeof(MyObj));
        values.push_back(dummyObj);
    }

    return 0;
}               

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

你必须序列化你的班级...否则,你只需要记忆并将其写在leveldb中。无论你得到什么,不仅会有所不同,但它也可能完全无用。有关序列化的更多信息,请查看此问题:How do you serialize an object in C++?

LevelDB 支持支持一个键下的多个对象,但是,尝试避免这样做,除非你有充分的理由。我建议你用每个对象散列一个唯一的哈希(如果你想要一个哈希函数,请参见Google's CityHash)并使用相应的哈希存储序列化对象。如果您的对象本身就是一个集合,那么您必须将所有对象序列化为一个字节数组,并使用一些方法来确定每个对象的开始/结束位置。

更新

可序列化的类看起来像这样:

class MyClass
{
private:
    int _numeric;
    string _text;
public:
    // constructors 

    // mutators
    void SetNumeric(int num);
    void SetText(string text);

    static unsigned int SerializableSize()
    {
        // returns the serializable size of the class with the schema:
        // 4 bytes for the numeric (integer) 
        // 4 bytes for the unsigned int (the size of the text)
        // n bytes for the text (it has a variable size)
        return sizeof(int) + sizeof(unsigned int) + _text.size();
    }

    // serialization
    int Serialize(const char* buffer, const unsigned int bufferLen, const unsigned int position)
    {
        // check if the object can be serialized in the available buffer space
        if(position+SerializableSize()>bufferLen)
        {
            // don't write anything and return -1 signaling that there was an error
            return -1;
        }

        unsigned int finalPosition = position;

        // write the numeric value
        *(int*)(buffer + finalPosition) = _numeric;

        // move the final position past the numeric value
        finalPosition += sizeof(int);

        // write the size of the text
        *(unsigned int*)(buffer + finalPosition) = (unsigned int)_text.size();

        // move the final position past the size of the string
        finalPosition += sizeof(unsigned int);

        // write the string
        memcpy((void*)(buffer+finalPosition), _text.c_str(), (unsigned int)_text.size());

        // move the final position past the end of the string
        finalPosition += (unsigned int)_text.size();

        // return the number of bytes written to the buffer
        return finalPosition-position;
    }

    // deserialization
    static int Deserialize(MyClass& myObject, 
        const char* buffer, 
        const unsigned int buffSize, 
        const unsigned int position)
    {
        insigned int currPosition = position;

        // copy the numeric value
        int numeric = *(int*)(buffer + currentPosition);

        // increment the current position past the numeric value
        currentPosition += sizeof(int);

        // copy the size of the text
        unsigned int textSize = *(unsigned int*)(buffer + currentPosition);

        // increment the current position past the size of the text
        currentPosition += sizeof(unsigned int);

        // copy the text
        string text((buffer+currentPosition), textSize);

        if(currentPosition > buffSize)
        {
            // you decide what to do here
        }

        // Set your object's values
        myObject.SetNumeric(numeric);
        myObject.SetText(text);

        // return the number of bytes deserialized
        return currentPosition - position;
    }
};