如何使用HTML 5 Canvas绘制沿着弧形路径的文本？

Question

我想画一个像这个flash动画的画布图形：  http://www.cci.com.tr/tr/bizi-taniyin/tarihcemiz/

我画了六个弧，我想在这些弧中写六个字。有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

我有一个jsFiddle将文本应用于任意Bezier曲线定义。享受http://jsfiddle.net/Makallus/hyyvpp8g/

<table>
    <TR>
        <TH>Bezier Curve</TH>
        <TD>
            <input size="80" type="text" id="curve" name="curve" value="99.2,177.2,130.02,60.0,300.5,276.2,300.7,176.2">
        </TD>
    </TR>
    <TR>
        <TH>Text</TH>
        <TD>
            <input size="80" type="text" id="text" name="text" value="testing 1234567890">
        </TD>
    </TR>
    <TR>
        <TD colspan=2>
            <div id="canvasDiv"></div>
        </TD>
    </TR>
</table>

var first = true;
startIt();


function startIt() {
    canvasDiv = document.getElementById('canvasDiv');
    canvasDiv.innerHTML = '<canvas id="layer0" width="300" height="300"></canvas>'; //for IE
    canvas = document.getElementById('layer0');
    ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
    ctx.fillStyle = "black";
    ctx.font = "18px arial black";
    curve = document.getElementById('curve');
    curveText = document.getElementById('text');
    $(curve).keyup(function (e) {
        changeCurve();
    });
    $(curveText).keyup(function (e) {
        changeCurve();
    });




    if (first) {
        changeCurve();
        first = false;
    }

}

function changeCurve() {
    points = curve.value.split(',');
    if (points.length == 8) drawStack();

}

function drawStack() {
    Ribbon = {
        maxChar: 50,
        startX: points[0],
        startY: points[1],
        control1X: points[2],
        control1Y: points[3],
        control2X: points[4],
        control2Y: points[5],
        endX: points[6],
        endY: points[7]
    };

    ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
    ctx.save();
    ctx.beginPath();

    ctx.moveTo(Ribbon.startX, Ribbon.startY);
    ctx.bezierCurveTo(Ribbon.control1X, Ribbon.control1Y,
    Ribbon.control2X, Ribbon.control2Y,
    Ribbon.endX, Ribbon.endY);

    ctx.stroke();
    ctx.restore();

    FillRibbon(curveText.value, Ribbon);
}

function FillRibbon(text, Ribbon) {

    var textCurve = [];
    var ribbon = text.substring(0, Ribbon.maxChar);
    var curveSample = 1000;


    xDist = 0;
    var i = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < curveSample; i++) {
        a = new bezier2(i / curveSample, Ribbon.startX, Ribbon.startY, Ribbon.control1X, Ribbon.control1Y, Ribbon.control2X, Ribbon.control2Y, Ribbon.endX, Ribbon.endY);
        b = new bezier2((i + 1) / curveSample, Ribbon.startX, Ribbon.startY, Ribbon.control1X, Ribbon.control1Y, Ribbon.control2X, Ribbon.control2Y, Ribbon.endX, Ribbon.endY);
        c = new bezier(a, b);
        textCurve.push({
            bezier: a,
            curve: c.curve
        });
    }

    letterPadding = ctx.measureText(" ").width / 4;
    w = ribbon.length;
    ww = Math.round(ctx.measureText(ribbon).width);


    totalPadding = (w - 1) * letterPadding;
    totalLength = ww + totalPadding;
    p = 0;

    cDist = textCurve[curveSample - 1].curve.cDist;

    z = (cDist / 2) - (totalLength / 2);

    for (i = 0; i < curveSample; i++) {
        if (textCurve[i].curve.cDist >= z) {
            p = i;
            break;
        }
    }

    for (i = 0; i < w; i++) {
        ctx.save();
        ctx.translate(textCurve[p].bezier.point.x, textCurve[p].bezier.point.y);
        ctx.rotate(textCurve[p].curve.rad);
        ctx.fillText(ribbon[i], 0, 0);
        ctx.restore();

        x1 = ctx.measureText(ribbon[i]).width + letterPadding;
        x2 = 0;
        for (j = p; j < curveSample; j++) {
            x2 = x2 + textCurve[j].curve.dist;
            if (x2 >= x1) {
                p = j;
                break;
            }
        }




    }
} //end FillRibon

function bezier(b1, b2) {
    //Final stage which takes p, p+1 and calculates the rotation, distance on the path and accumulates the total distance
    this.rad = Math.atan(b1.point.mY / b1.point.mX);
    this.b2 = b2;
    this.b1 = b1;
    dx = (b2.x - b1.x);
    dx2 = (b2.x - b1.x) * (b2.x - b1.x);
    this.dist = Math.sqrt(((b2.x - b1.x) * (b2.x - b1.x)) + ((b2.y - b1.y) * (b2.y - b1.y)));
    xDist = xDist + this.dist;
    this.curve = {
        rad: this.rad,
        dist: this.dist,
        cDist: xDist
    };
}

function bezierT(t, startX, startY, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y, endX, endY) {
    //calculates the tangent line to a point in the curve; later used to calculate the degrees of rotation at this point.
    this.mx = (3 * (1 - t) * (1 - t) * (control1X - startX)) + ((6 * (1 - t) * t) * (control2X - control1X)) + (3 * t * t * (endX - control2X));
    this.my = (3 * (1 - t) * (1 - t) * (control1Y - startY)) + ((6 * (1 - t) * t) * (control2Y - control1Y)) + (3 * t * t * (endY - control2Y));
}

function bezier2(t, startX, startY, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y, endX, endY) {
    //Quadratic bezier curve plotter
    this.Bezier1 = new bezier1(t, startX, startY, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y);
    this.Bezier2 = new bezier1(t, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y, endX, endY);
    this.x = ((1 - t) * this.Bezier1.x) + (t * this.Bezier2.x);
    this.y = ((1 - t) * this.Bezier1.y) + (t * this.Bezier2.y);
    this.slope = new bezierT(t, startX, startY, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y, endX, endY);

    this.point = {
        t: t,
        x: this.x,
        y: this.y,
        mX: this.slope.mx,
        mY: this.slope.my
    };
}

function bezier1(t, startX, startY, control1X, control1Y, control2X, control2Y) {
    //linear bezier curve plotter; used recursivly in the quadratic bezier curve calculation
    this.x = ((1 - t) * (1 - t) * startX) + (2 * (1 - t) * t * control1X) + (t * t * control2X);
    this.y = ((1 - t) * (1 - t) * startY) + (2 * (1 - t) * t * control1Y) + (t * t * control2Y);

}

Answer 2

一个古老的问题......然而，在我的博客上，我仔细研究了使用HTML5 Canvas创建圆形文本：

blog.graphicsgen.com

在示例中，选项包括从给定角度的圆角文本对齐（左，中和右），向内和向外的文本，字距调整（字符之间可调节的间隙）和半径内外的文本。

还有一个jsfiddle，其中有一个工作示例。

如下：

document.body.appendChild(getCircularText("ROUNDED TEXT LOOKS BEST IN CAPS!", 250, 0, "center", true, true, "Arial", "18pt", 0));

function getCircularText(text, diameter, startAngle, align, textInside, inwardFacing, fName, fSize, kerning) {
    // text:         The text to be displayed in circular fashion
    // diameter:     The diameter of the circle around which the text will
    //               be displayed (inside or outside)
    // startAngle:   In degrees, Where the text will be shown. 0 degrees
    //               if the top of the circle
    // align:        Positions text to left right or center of startAngle
    // textInside:   true to show inside the diameter. False draws outside
    // inwardFacing: true for base of text facing inward. false for outward
    // fName:        name of font family. Make sure it is loaded
    // fSize:        size of font family. Don't forget to include units
    // kearning:     0 for normal gap between letters. positive or
    //               negative number to expand/compact gap in pixels
 //------------------------------------------------------------------------

    // declare and intialize canvas, reference, and useful variables
    align = align.toLowerCase();
    var mainCanvas = document.createElement('canvas');
    var ctxRef = mainCanvas.getContext('2d');
    var clockwise = align == "right" ? 1 : -1; // draw clockwise for aligned right. Else Anticlockwise
    startAngle = startAngle * (Math.PI / 180); // convert to radians

    // calculate height of the font. Many ways to do this
    // you can replace with your own!
    var div = document.createElement("div");
    div.innerHTML = text;
    div.style.position = 'absolute';
    div.style.top = '-10000px';
    div.style.left = '-10000px';
    div.style.fontFamily = fName;
    div.style.fontSize = fSize;
    document.body.appendChild(div);
    var textHeight = div.offsetHeight;
    document.body.removeChild(div);

    // in cases where we are drawing outside diameter,
    // expand diameter to handle it
    if (!textInside) diameter += textHeight * 2;

    mainCanvas.width = diameter;
    mainCanvas.height = diameter;
    // omit next line for transparent background
    mainCanvas.style.backgroundColor = 'lightgray'; 
    ctxRef.font = fSize + ' ' + fName;

    // Reverse letter order for align Left inward, align right outward 
    // and align center inward.
    if (((["left", "center"].indexOf(align) > -1) && inwardFacing) || (align == "right" && !inwardFacing)) text = text.split("").reverse().join(""); 

    // Setup letters and positioning
    ctxRef.translate(diameter / 2, diameter / 2); // Move to center
    startAngle += (Math.PI * !inwardFacing); // Rotate 180 if outward
    ctxRef.textBaseline = 'middle'; // Ensure we draw in exact center
    ctxRef.textAlign = 'center'; // Ensure we draw in exact center

    // rotate 50% of total angle for center alignment
    if (align == "center") {
        for (var j = 0; j < text.length; j++) {
            var charWid = ctxRef.measureText(text[j]).width;
            startAngle += ((charWid + (j == text.length-1 ? 0 : kerning)) / (diameter / 2 - textHeight)) / 2 * -clockwise;
        }
    }

    // Phew... now rotate into final start position
    ctxRef.rotate(startAngle);

    // Now for the fun bit: draw, rotate, and repeat
    for (var j = 0; j < text.length; j++) {
        var charWid = ctxRef.measureText(text[j]).width; // half letter

        ctxRef.rotate((charWid/2) / (diameter / 2 - textHeight) * clockwise);  // rotate half letter

        // draw char at "top" if inward facing or "bottom" if outward
        ctxRef.fillText(text[j], 0, (inwardFacing ? 1 : -1) * (0 - diameter / 2 + textHeight / 2));

        ctxRef.rotate((charWid/2 + kerning) / (diameter / 2 - textHeight) * clockwise); // rotate half letter
    }

    // Return it
    return (mainCanvas);
}

Answer 3

你不能以任何内置的方式。请注意，SVG本身支持路径上的文本，因此您可能需要考虑使用SVG！

但是你可以编写自定义代码以达到同样的效果，就像我们在这里为这个问题所做的那样：HTML5 Canvas Circle Text

Answer 4

您可以尝试以下代码，了解如何使用HTML5 Canvas

沿Arc Path写入文本

＆＃13;

＆＃13;

function drawTextAlongArc(context, str, centerX, centerY, radius, angle) {
  var len = str.length,
    s;
  context.save();
  context.translate(centerX, centerY);
  context.rotate(-1 * angle / 2);
  context.rotate(-1 * (angle / len) / 2);
  for (var n = 0; n < len; n++) {
    context.rotate(angle / len);
    context.save();
    context.translate(0, -1 * radius);
    s = str[n];
    context.fillText(s, 0, 0);
    context.restore();
  }
  context.restore();
}
var canvas = document.getElementById('myCanvas'),
  context = canvas.getContext('2d'),
  centerX = canvas.width / 2,
  centerY = canvas.height - 30,
  angle = Math.PI * 0.8,
  radius = 150;

context.font = '30pt Calibri';
context.textAlign = 'center';
context.fillStyle = 'blue';
context.strokeStyle = 'blue';
context.lineWidth = 4;
drawTextAlongArc(context, 'Text along arc path', centerX, centerY, radius, angle);

// draw circle underneath text
context.arc(centerX, centerY, radius - 10, 0, 2 * Math.PI, false);
context.stroke();

＆＃13;

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>

<head>
  <style>
    body {
      margin: 0px;
      padding: 0px;
    }
  </style>
</head>

<body>
  <canvas id="myCanvas" width="578" height="250"></canvas>
</body>

</html>

＆＃13;

＆＃13;

＆＃13;