所以说我有两个具有相同列的表。用你的想象力让它们更大:
USER_COUNTERPARTY:
ID |Name |Credit Rating |Sovereign Risk |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
1 |Nat Bank of Transnistria |7 |93 |Automatic
2 |Acme Ltd. |25 |12 |Automatic
3 |CowBInd LLP. |49 |12 |Manual
TEMP:
ID |Name |Credit Rating |Sovereign Risk |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
2 |Acacacme Ltd. |31 |12 |Manual
4 |Disenthralled Nimrod Corp. |31 |52 |Automatic
我希望将它们合并为一个,用第二个替换第一个具有相同ID的内容,并插入不存在的内容。我可以用这句话:
MERGE INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY C
USING TEMP T
ON (C.COUNTER_ID = T.COUNTER_ID)
WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET
C.COUNTER_NAME = T.COUNTER_NAME,
C.COUNTER_CREDIT = T.COUNTER_CREDIT,
C.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK = T.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK,
C.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE = T.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT VALUES (
T.COUNTER_ID,
T.COUNTER_NAME,
T.COUNTER_CREDIT,
T.COUNTER_SVRN_RISK,
T.COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE);
哪个足够好,但请注意我必须为每个列命名。有没有办法合并这些表而不必命名所有列? Oracle documentation坚持在合并中使用'insert'和'set'之后使用列名,因此可能需要一些其他语句。结果应该是这样的:
ID |Name |Credit Rating |Sovereign Risk |Invoicing Type
----+----------------------------+-----------------+------------------+---------------
1 |Nat Bank of Transnistria |7 |93 |Automatic
2 |Acacacme Ltd. |31 |12 |Manual
3 |CowBInd LLP. |49 |12 |Manual
4 |Disenthralled Nimrod Corp. |31 |52 |Automatic
如果它有助于我在这里粘贴它:
CREATE TABLE USER_COUNTERPARTY
( COUNTER_ID INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
COUNTER_NAME VARCHAR(38),
COUNTER_CREDIT INTEGER,
COUNTER_SVRN_RISK INTEGER,
COUNTER_INVOICE_TYPE VARCHAR(10) );
INSERT ALL
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (1, ‘Nat Bank of Transnistria’, 7, 93, ‘Automatic’)
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (2, ‘Acme Ltd.’, 25, 12, ‘Manual’)
INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY VALUES (3, ‘CowBInd LLP.’, 49, 12, ‘Manual’)
SELECT * FROM DUAL;
CREATE TABLE TEMP AS SELECT * FROM USER_COUNTERPARTY;
DELETE FROM TEMP;
INSERT ALL
INTO TEMP VALUES (2, ‘Conoco Ltd.’, 25, 12, ‘Automatic’)
INTO TEMP VALUES (4, ‘Disenthralled Nimrod Corp.’, 63, 12, ‘Manual’)
SELECT * FROM DUAL;
答案 0 :(得分:4)
我认为你必须避免使用列名的唯一选择是两个单独的语句:
delete from USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
where exists
(select null
from TEMP T
where T.COUNTER_ID = UC.COUNTER_ID);
insert into USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
select *
from TEMP T
where not exists
(select null
from USER_COUNTERPARTY UC
where T.COUNTER_ID = UC.COUNTER_ID);
答案 1 :(得分:1)
您可以尝试使用这样的包装联合语句:
SELECT (*) FROM
(SELECT * FROM Table1 WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT ID FROM Table2)
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM Table2)
ORDER BY 1
答案 2 :(得分:0)
如果您有列的默认值(并且您希望使用这些默认值),则可以省略insert语句中的那些值,否则,您必须指定要插入或更新值的每个列。
*
没有像SELECT
这样的简写。
答案 3 :(得分:0)
我遇到了所描述的问题,我解决它的方式技术非常低,但我认为如果能引发其他人的想法,我会分享。
我获取了列名(我从SQL开发人员的表DDL中提取它们,但也使用tab_columns表中的方法)并将它们插入到Excel电子表格中。然后我删除了Varchar等语句(使用文本到列Excel函数,然后只删除了varchar,number等语句最后的列),所以它只留下了字段名称。然后我在下一个Excel列中插入了一个公式,=" dest。"& A2&" = src。"& A2&","并填写所有110个字段,然后在新的Excel列中,使用= A2&","并在新列中,=" src。"& A2&","再次填写所有字段。然后在SQL表中输入:
merge into <schema>.<destination_table> dest
using <schema>.<source_table> src
on (dest.<link> = src.<link>)
when matched then update set
(<copy all of the first column,
not including the linking fields and removing the comma at the end>)
when not matched then insert
(<copy and paste the second column from Excel, and remove the final comma>)
values
(<copy and paste the third column from Excel and remove the final comma>)
我还有一个用于合并具有不同列名的表的版本,但这涉及在Excel工作表中映射字段的附加步骤。
我发现我需要使用合并语句来做我所做的事情 - 与存在的更新相比,我发现Merge节省了大量时间。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我遇到了同样的问题,我写了一个程序,它获取了所有表列的列表,并构建了动态sql查询来进行更新而不命名所有列。
PROCEDURE update_from_table(
p_source VARCHAR2, -- Table to copy all columns from
p_target VARCHAR2, -- Table to copy into
p_id_name VARCHAR2 -- Primary key name
)
AS
v_sql VARCHAR2(4096) := 'UPDATE ' || p_target || ' t1 SET (';
v_sql_src VARCHAR2(4096) := ') = (SELECT ';
v_sql_end VARCHAR2(4096) := ' FROM '|| p_source ||' t2 WHERE t1.'||p_id_name||' = t2.'||p_id_name||')
WHERE EXISTS (
SELECT 1
FROM '|| p_source ||' t2
WHERE t1.'||p_id_name||' = t2.'||p_id_name||' )';
v_first BOOLEAN := TRUE;
BEGIN
FOR col IN
(select column_name from user_tab_columns
where table_name = p_source
)
LOOP
IF NOT v_first THEN
v_sql:= v_sql || ', '; -- adding comma before every arg except first
v_sql_src := v_sql_src || ', ';
ELSE
v_first := FALSE;
END IF;
v_sql:= v_sql || col.column_name ;
v_sql_src:= v_sql_src || col.column_name ;
END LOOP;
v_sql := v_sql || v_sql_src || v_sql_end;
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_sql;
END update_from_table;
然后我分两步合并:
-- Insert not matching records
INSERT INTO USER_COUNTERPARTY
SELECT *
FROM TEMP WHERE COUNTER_ID NOT IN (
SELECT USER_COUNTERPARTY.COUNTER_ID
FROM USER_COUNTERPARTY
JOIN TEMP ON TEMP.COUNTER_ID = USER_COUNTERPARTY.COUNTER_ID);
-- Update matching records
update_from_table('TEMP', 'USER_COUNTERPARTY', 'COUNTER_ID');