我有一个select语句,可以从更复杂的视图中进行非常简单的查询:
我有一个相当直接的选择声明......
SELECT
uid
FROM userpermissions
WHERE
uid = :whoami
AND
application = :application
AND
subsystem = :subsystem
;
我的观点只是整数和变量,但是四个表的连接(可能是真正的问题)。
View "public.userpermissions"
Column | Type | Modifiers | Storage | Description
-------------+------------------------+-----------+----------+-------------
uid | integer | | plain |
gid | integer | | plain |
sid | integer | | plain |
name | character varying(128) | | extended |
application | character varying(128) | | extended |
subsystem | character varying(128) | | extended |
View definition:
SELECT users.uid, groups.gid, groupaccess.sid, groups.name, subsystems.application, subsystems.subsystem
FROM users
JOIN groups ON groups.gid = users.gid
JOIN groupaccess ON groups.gid = groupaccess.gid
JOIN subsystems ON subsystems.sid = groupaccess.sid;
我不确定如何有效地更新视图,以便我的查询更有效,因为它们现在需要大约1-4秒,在某些情况下最多需要8秒。
我的另一个想法是使用内存缓存,但这对于效率低下的问题感觉就像是一种创可贴解决方案。
以下是选择的简介:
QUERY PLAN
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nested Loop (cost=1.18..4.54 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.043..0.043 rows=0 loops=1)
Join Filter: (groups.gid = users.gid)
-> Nested Loop (cost=1.18..3.34 rows=1 width=8) (actual time=0.040..0.040 rows=0 loops=1)
-> Hash Join (cost=1.18..2.78 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.039..0.039 rows=0 loops=1)
Hash Cond: (groupaccess.sid = subsystems.sid)
-> Seq Scan on groupaccess (cost=0.00..1.43 rows=43 width=8) (actual time=0.014..0.014 rows=1 loops=1)
-> Hash (cost=1.17..1.17 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.017..0.017 rows=0 loops=1)
Buckets: 1024 Batches: 1 Memory Usage: 0kB
-> Seq Scan on subsystems (cost=0.00..1.17 rows=1 width=4) (actual time=0.015..0.015 rows=0 loops=1)
Filter: (((application)::text = 'LoginLink'::text) AND ((subsystem)::text = '1'::text))
-> Index Scan using groups_pkey on groups (cost=0.00..0.55 rows=1 width=4) (never executed)
Index Cond: (gid = groupaccess.gid)
-> Seq Scan on users (cost=0.00..1.19 rows=1 width=8) (never executed)
Filter: (uid = 2)
Total runtime: 0.192 ms
(15 rows)
这让我很困惑,因为当我用PHP将它放入PDO时,查询需要几秒钟,而不是一秒钟。
答案 0 :(得分:4)
视图对性能没有帮助。简化事物,授予特定权利等等是件好事。但它对查询性能没有任何好处。
您可以尝试删除中间人(视图)并使用此查询:
SELECT u.uid
FROM users u
JOIN groupaccess g USING (gid)
JOIN subsystems s USING (sid)
WHERE u.uid = :whoami
AND s.application = :application
AND s.subsystem = :subsystem;
这也削减了另一个中间人,即groups
,这在您的场景中根本不需要。 (除非用户的连接行可能丢失,这是不可能的。)
为了表现,你必须使它成为materialized view,这是一个完全不同的野兽。