Question

我试图在这个问题中使用答案，但无法使其有效：How to create "virtual root" with Python's ElementTree?

这是我的代码：

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ElementTree
from StringIO import StringIO
s = '<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?><!DOCTYPE tmx SYSTEM \"tmx14a.dtd\" ><tmx version=\"1.4a\" />'
tree = ElementTree.parse(StringIO(s)).getroot()
header = ElementTree.SubElement(tree,'header',{'adminlang': 'EN',})
body = ElementTree.SubElement(tree,'body')
ElementTree.ElementTree(tree).write('myfile.tmx','UTF-8')

当我打开生成的'myfile.tmx'文件时，它包含：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<tmx version="1.4a"><header adminlang="EN" /><body /></tmx>

我错过了什么？或者，有更好的工具吗？

Answer 1

您可以将write函数的xml_declaration参数设置为False，因此输出不会包含带编码的xml声明，然后只需手动附加所需的标题。实际上，如果您将编码设置为'utf-8'（小写），则也不会添加xml声明。

import xml.etree.cElementTree as ElementTree

tree = ElementTree.Element('tmx', {'version': '1.4a'})
ElementTree.SubElement(tree, 'header', {'adminlang': 'EN'})
ElementTree.SubElement(tree, 'body')

with open('myfile.tmx', 'wb') as f:
    f.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE tmx SYSTEM "tmx14a.dtd">'.encode('utf8'))
    ElementTree.ElementTree(tree).write(f, 'utf-8')

生成的文件（为了便于阅读而手动添加新行）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE tmx SYSTEM "tmx14a.dtd">
<tmx version="1.4a">
    <header adminlang="EN" />
    <body />
</tmx>

Answer 2

您可以使用lxml及其tostring功能：

from lxml import etree

s = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<tmx version="1.4a"/>""" 

tree = etree.fromstring(s)
header = etree.SubElement(tree,'header',{'adminlang': 'EN'})
body = etree.SubElement(tree,'body')

print etree.tostring(tree, encoding="UTF-8",
                     xml_declaration=True,
                     pretty_print=True,
                     doctype='<!DOCTYPE tmx SYSTEM "tmx14a.dtd">')

=＆GT;

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE tmx SYSTEM "tmx14a.dtd">
<tmx version="1.4a">
  <header adminlang="EN"/>
  <body/>
</tmx>

Answer 3

我使用了不同的解决方案来添加DOCTYPE，非常简单，非常愚蠢。

$user = $graph->createRequest("GET", "/users")
              ->setReturnType(Model\User::class)
              ->execute();

如何使用Python的cElementTree创建

3 个答案: