已解决 - 请参阅下面有关合并wraptext.wrap
和plt.tightlayout
的评论。
问题: 这是代码:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.bar([1,2],[5,4])
plt.title('this is a very long title and therefore it gets cropped which is an unthinkable behaviour as it loses the information in the title')
plt.show()
这会创建一个看起来像
的图形标题被裁剪,如何让它显示整个标题?
更新:我正在寻找一种解决方案,使图表大小与标题和轴标签中的文字相匹配,而不是用于使用换行符切割标题的解决方案,就像那种解决方案并不总是有帮助:
from textwrap import wrap
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
title = 'this is a very long title and therefore it gets cropped which is an unthinkable behaviour as it loses the information in the title'*5
plt.bar([1,2],[5,4])
plt.title('\n'.join(wrap(title,60)))
plt.show()`
查看结果:
答案 0 :(得分:18)
您可以尝试找到here找到的解决方案。
这是相当多的代码,但它似乎处理文本中任何类型文本的文本包装。
以下是解决方案中的代码,经过修改以适合您的示例:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def main():
fig = plt.figure()
plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.85) # use a lower number to make more vertical space
plt.bar([1,2],[5,4])
fig.canvas.mpl_connect('draw_event', on_draw)
plt.title('this is a very long title and therefore it gets cropped which is an unthinkable behaviour as it loses the information in the title')
plt.savefig('./test.png')
def on_draw(event):
"""Auto-wraps all text objects in a figure at draw-time"""
import matplotlib as mpl
fig = event.canvas.figure
# Cycle through all artists in all the axes in the figure
for ax in fig.axes:
for artist in ax.get_children():
# If it's a text artist, wrap it...
if isinstance(artist, mpl.text.Text):
autowrap_text(artist, event.renderer)
# Temporarily disconnect any callbacks to the draw event...
# (To avoid recursion)
func_handles = fig.canvas.callbacks.callbacks[event.name]
fig.canvas.callbacks.callbacks[event.name] = {}
# Re-draw the figure..
fig.canvas.draw()
# Reset the draw event callbacks
fig.canvas.callbacks.callbacks[event.name] = func_handles
def autowrap_text(textobj, renderer):
"""Wraps the given matplotlib text object so that it exceed the boundaries
of the axis it is plotted in."""
import textwrap
# Get the starting position of the text in pixels...
x0, y0 = textobj.get_transform().transform(textobj.get_position())
# Get the extents of the current axis in pixels...
clip = textobj.get_axes().get_window_extent()
# Set the text to rotate about the left edge (doesn't make sense otherwise)
textobj.set_rotation_mode('anchor')
# Get the amount of space in the direction of rotation to the left and
# right of x0, y0 (left and right are relative to the rotation, as well)
rotation = textobj.get_rotation()
right_space = min_dist_inside((x0, y0), rotation, clip)
left_space = min_dist_inside((x0, y0), rotation - 180, clip)
# Use either the left or right distance depending on the horiz alignment.
alignment = textobj.get_horizontalalignment()
if alignment is 'left':
new_width = right_space
elif alignment is 'right':
new_width = left_space
else:
new_width = 2 * min(left_space, right_space)
# Estimate the width of the new size in characters...
aspect_ratio = 0.5 # This varies with the font!!
fontsize = textobj.get_size()
pixels_per_char = aspect_ratio * renderer.points_to_pixels(fontsize)
# If wrap_width is < 1, just make it 1 character
wrap_width = max(1, new_width // pixels_per_char)
try:
wrapped_text = textwrap.fill(textobj.get_text(), wrap_width)
except TypeError:
# This appears to be a single word
wrapped_text = textobj.get_text()
textobj.set_text(wrapped_text)
def min_dist_inside(point, rotation, box):
"""Gets the space in a given direction from "point" to the boundaries of
"box" (where box is an object with x0, y0, x1, & y1 attributes, point is a
tuple of x,y, and rotation is the angle in degrees)"""
from math import sin, cos, radians
x0, y0 = point
rotation = radians(rotation)
distances = []
threshold = 0.0001
if cos(rotation) > threshold:
# Intersects the right axis
distances.append((box.x1 - x0) / cos(rotation))
if cos(rotation) < -threshold:
# Intersects the left axis
distances.append((box.x0 - x0) / cos(rotation))
if sin(rotation) > threshold:
# Intersects the top axis
distances.append((box.y1 - y0) / sin(rotation))
if sin(rotation) < -threshold:
# Intersects the bottom axis
distances.append((box.y0 - y0) / sin(rotation))
return min(distances)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
这会产生以下情节:
<强>更新强>:
使用以下行在图的顶部和实际绘图的顶部之间创建更多空间:
plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.85) # use a lower number to make more vertical space
例如,如果您使用:
plt.subplots_adjust(top=0.5)
输出结果如下:
答案 1 :(得分:13)
您可以使用textwrap自动换行包含换行符(\n
)的文字:
>>> longstring = "this is a very long title and therefore it gets cropped which is an unthinkable behaviour as it loses the information in the title"
>>> "\n".join(textwrap.wrap(longstring, 100))
'this is a very long title and therefore it gets cropped which is an unthinkable behaviour as it\nloses the information in the title'
在这种情况下,100
是每行的字符数(到最近的空格 - textwrap尽量不分词)
另一种选择是减小字体的大小:
matplotlib.rcParams.update({'font.size': 12})
答案 2 :(得分:2)
您可以在标题中添加换行符\n
,以便在多行中打破标题。