在c中对结构指针数组使用qsort时比较int的函数

时间:2012-01-09 01:31:45

标签: c arrays pointers qsort

关于如何对结构指针数组进行排序,有很多关于stackoverflow的问题。我看了他们所有,无济于事。我想对一组结构数组进行排序。我首先为指针数组分配存储,然后为结构本身分配存储。一切看起来都不错,但我无法对它们进行排序。我确定问题在于比较功能。我从stackoverflow中复制了一些,它们列在下面。但它们都不起作用......

typedef struct s_stream{
int amc;
char *name;
} dataStream;

void abc(void)
{
       int count = 100;

    dataStream *_UniqueStreamBuild  = calloc(count, sizeof(dataStream ));
    dataStream **UniqueStreamBuild =  calloc(count, sizeof(dataStream *));
    for ( int i = 0; i < count; ++i) UniqueStreamBuild[i] = _UniqueStreamBuild + i; 

//**Edit: ******** **
        // here I call a cascade of functions that assign values to amc; those
        // functions are correct: they produce an unsorted array of amc values;
        // the output I am getting is an array of structures seemingly in random order.

    qsort(UniqueStreamBuild, count, sizeof(dataStream *), compare);  
}

int compare (const void * a, const void * b)
{
    const dataStream *x = a;
    const dataStream *y = b;

    if (x->amc > x->amc)
      return(1);

  if (x->amc < x->amc)
      return(-1);

  return(0);   
}


int compare( const void *a, const void *b )
{
  dataStream *m1 = *(dataStream **)a;
  dataStream *m2 = *(dataStream **)b;

  if (m1->amc > m2->amc)
      return(1);

  if (m1->amc < m2->amc)
      return(-1);

  return(0);
}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你的第二个可能的compare()函数应该可以工作,除非我之间没有注意到它与下面这个版本之间没有注意到。在对指针数组进行排序时,比较函数会传递两个指向dataStream *的指针,因此比较器应该非常类似于此:

int compare (const void *a, const void *b)
{
    const dataStream *x = *(const dataStream **)a;
    const dataStream *y = *(const dataStream **)b;

    if (x->amc > y->amc)
        return(1);
    else if (x->amc < y->amc)
        return(-1);
    else
        return(0);   
}

此外,正如最初编写的那样,您的某个函数始终返回0,因为x->amc == x->amc(您取消引用x两次,而不是xy)。

您的测试代码没有完全初始化数据结构 - 它使用calloc()因此结构中的字符串和指针都被清零,因此排序不会做太多。


这段代码对我有用......你呢?

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct s_stream
{
    int   amc;
    char *name;
} dataStream;

static int compare(const void *a, const void *b)
{
    const dataStream *x = *(const dataStream **)a;
    const dataStream *y = *(const dataStream **)b;

    if (x->amc > y->amc)
        return(1);
    else if (x->amc < y->amc)
        return(-1);
    else
        return(0);
}

static void dump(FILE *fp, const char *tag, dataStream * const * const data, int num)
{
    const char *pad = "";
    fprintf(fp, "Stream Dump (%s): (%d items)\n", tag, num);
    for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
    {
        fprintf(fp, "%s%d", pad, data[i]->amc);
        if (i % 10 == 9)
        {
            putc('\n', fp);
            pad = "";
        }
        else
            pad = ", ";
    }
    putc('\n', fp);
}

static void abc(void)
{
    int count = 100;

    dataStream *_UniqueStreamBuild  = calloc(count, sizeof(dataStream ));
    dataStream **UniqueStreamBuild =  calloc(count, sizeof(dataStream *));
    for ( int i = 0; i < count; ++i)
    {
        UniqueStreamBuild[i] = _UniqueStreamBuild + i;
        UniqueStreamBuild[i]->amc = (7 * i + 3) % count + 1;
    }

    dump(stdout, "Before", UniqueStreamBuild, count);
    qsort(UniqueStreamBuild, count, sizeof(dataStream *), compare);
    dump(stdout, "After", UniqueStreamBuild, count);

    free(_UniqueStreamBuild);
    free(UniqueStreamBuild);
}

int main(void)
{
    abc();
    return 0;
}