在用户脚本中使用XMLHttpRequest下载图像

时间:2012-01-08 15:46:37

标签: javascript xmlhttprequest download userscripts

首先,在SO上有一个question具有相同的标题,但它不是我正在寻找的,也没有完整的答案。

所以这是我的问题。假设我有这个指向图像的URL。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg

将此参数?dl=1放到网址末尾后,它就可以下载了。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1

我正在尝试通过用户脚本执行此任务。所以我使用了XMLHttpRequest。

var url = "https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1";

var request = new XMLHttpRequest();  
request.open("GET", url, false);   
request.send(null);  

if (request.status === 200) 
{  
    alert(request.statusText);
}

这是fiddle

但它不起作用。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:22)

XMLHttpRequest无法跨域工作,但由于这是 userscript ,Chrome现在仅支持用户脚本中的GM_xmlhttpRequest()

这样的东西应该有效,请注意它是异步的:

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            'https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1',
    onload:         function (responseDetails) {
                        alert(responseDetails.statusText);
                    }
} );




至于获取和使用实际图像数据,这是一个很大的痛苦。

  • 您可以在Firefox中使用新的.responseType = "blob";功能Chrome does not yet support it

  • 在Chrome或Firefox中,仅适用于同一个域,您可以像这样使用新的XHR2
    See it in action at jsBin.

    BlobBuilder             = window.MozBlobBuilder || window.WebKitBlobBuilder || window.BlobBuilder;
    
    var url                 = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";
    var request             = new XMLHttpRequest();
    request.open ("GET", url, false);
    request.responseType    = "arraybuffer";
    request.send (null);
    
    if (request.status === 200) {
        var bb              = new BlobBuilder ();
        bb.append (request.response); // Note: not request.responseText
    
        var blob            = bb.getBlob ('image/png');
        var reader          = new FileReader ();
        reader.onload       = function (zFR_Event) {
            $("body").prepend ('<p>New image: <img src="' + zFR_Event.target.result + '"></p>')
        };
    
        reader.readAsDataURL (blob);
    }
    


  • 很遗憾,GM_xmlhttpRequest()尚未支持设置responseType


因此,对于GM脚本或用户脚本应用程序,我们必须使用"Javascript Hacks: Using XHR to load binary data"中的自定义base64编码方案。

脚本代码类似于:

var imgUrl              = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            imgUrl,
    onload:         function (respDetails) {
                        var binResp     = customBase64Encode (respDetails.responseText);

                        /*-- Here, we just demo that we have a valid base64 encoding
                            by inserting the image into the page.
                            We could just as easily AJAX-off the data instead.
                        */
                        var zImgPara    = document.createElement ('p');
                        var zTargetNode = document.querySelector ("body *"); //1st child

                        zImgPara.innerHTML = 'Image: <img src="data:image/png;base64,'
                                           + binResp + '">';
                        zTargetNode.parentNode.insertBefore (zImgPara, zTargetNode);
                    },
    overrideMimeType: 'text/plain; charset=x-user-defined'
} );


function customBase64Encode (inputStr) {
    var
        bbLen               = 3,
        enCharLen           = 4,
        inpLen              = inputStr.length,
        inx                 = 0,
        jnx,
        keyStr              = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
                            + "0123456789+/=",
        output              = "",
        paddingBytes        = 0;
    var
        bytebuffer          = new Array (bbLen),
        encodedCharIndexes  = new Array (enCharLen);

    while (inx < inpLen) {
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < bbLen;  ++jnx) {
            /*--- Throw away high-order byte, as documented at:
              https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_XMLHttpRequest#Handling_binary_data
            */
            if (inx < inpLen)
                bytebuffer[jnx] = inputStr.charCodeAt (inx++) & 0xff;
            else
                bytebuffer[jnx] = 0;
        }

        /*--- Get each encoded character, 6 bits at a time.
            index 0: first  6 bits
            index 1: second 6 bits
                        (2 least significant bits from inputStr byte 1
                         + 4 most significant bits from byte 2)
            index 2: third  6 bits
                        (4 least significant bits from inputStr byte 2
                         + 2 most significant bits from byte 3)
            index 3: forth  6 bits (6 least significant bits from inputStr byte 3)
        */
        encodedCharIndexes[0] = bytebuffer[0] >> 2;
        encodedCharIndexes[1] = ( (bytebuffer[0] & 0x3) << 4)   |  (bytebuffer[1] >> 4);
        encodedCharIndexes[2] = ( (bytebuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 2)  |  (bytebuffer[2] >> 6);
        encodedCharIndexes[3] = bytebuffer[2] & 0x3f;

        //--- Determine whether padding happened, and adjust accordingly.
        paddingBytes          = inx - (inpLen - 1);
        switch (paddingBytes) {
            case 1:
                // Set last character to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                break;
            case 2:
                // Set last 2 characters to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                encodedCharIndexes[2] = 64;
                break;
            default:
                break; // No padding - proceed
        }

        /*--- Now grab each appropriate character out of our keystring,
            based on our index array and append it to the output string.
        */
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < enCharLen;  ++jnx)
            output += keyStr.charAt ( encodedCharIndexes[jnx] );
    }
    return output;
}

答案 1 :(得分:4)

您正在尝试使用位于其他域上的XHR请求资源,因此会被阻止。使用CORS使用XHR进行跨域消息传递。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

Krof Drakula是对的,你不能从其他域加载图像,但你真的需要这样做吗?您可以创建并附加img标记并等待它加载(使用类似jQuery load()的内容)。

var img = document.createElement( 'img' );
img.setAttribute( 'src', url );
document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0].appendChild( img );

答案 3 :(得分:0)

现代浏览器具有Blob对象:

GM_xmlhttpRequest({
  method: "GET",
  url: url,
  headers: { referer: url, origin: url },
  responseType: 'blob',
  onload: function(resp) {
    var img = document.createElement('img');
    img.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(resp.response);
    document.body.appendChild(img);
  }
});

headers参数将设置引荐来源网址,以便您可以加载引荐来源网址锁定的图像。