我正在尝试配置多播接口以执行以下操作：
1）服务器 - 向组播组发送数据，仅监听为其特定IP发送的数据
2）客户端 - 接收组播组的数据，仅向服务器发送数据
然而，我得到的是：
服务器 - 将数据发送到多播组并接收它，获取其特定IP的数据
客户端 - 将数据发送到服务器，但不获取多播组的数据
我的设置：
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
p1p1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr XXX
inet addr:192.168.1.91 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: XXX Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
用法：
Server: $ python multicast.py -s --sp 10000
Client: $ python multicast.py -c --sip localhost --sp 10000
编辑：
仅使用一台机器进行测试。
我的代码如下：
'''
Created on Dec 16, 2011
@author: wysek
'''
import sys
import socket
import struct
import threading
import pickle
from itertools import product
from optparse import OptionParser
from random import randint as rand
from time import sleep
############################################################################################################
MULTICAST_GROUP = "226.1.1.1"
MULTICAST_PORT = 10000
class Server(object):
def __init__(self, serv_port):
self.myport = serv_port
try:
print "DEBUG: CREATING SOCKET"
self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
self.socket.bind(("", self.myport))
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 1)
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.socket.settimeout(0.2)
except socket.error, err:
print "ERROR: EXCEPTION DURING INITIALIZING SERVER'S SOCKET - %s" % err
sys.exit(1)
else:
print "DEBUG: SOCKET CREATED"
self.receiver()
def receiver(self):
print "DEBUG: WAITING FOR DATA"
while True:
try:
msg, who = self.socket.recvfrom(1024)
except socket.timeout:
continue
except socket.error, err:
print "ERROR: EXCEPTION DURING RECEIVEING AND READING DATAGRAM - %s" % err
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print "DEBUG: KEYBOARD INTERRUPT (CTRL+C)"
self.__del__()
return
else:
print "MSG: %s \nFROM: %s" % (msg, who)
self.msg_handle(msg)
def msg_handle(self, msg):
msg = int(msg)
if msg == 88:
print "DEBUG: RECEIVED CONNECTION REQUEST"
self.msg_sending("1")
else:
print "ERROR: Unknown nr (%s) received" % msg
def msg_sending(self, msg):
try:
print "DEBUG: SENDING - %s" % msg
self.socket.sendto(msg, (MULTICAST_GROUP, MULTICAST_PORT))
except socket.error, err:
print "ERROR: MESSAGE \"%s\" COULDN'T BEEN SENT DUE TO THE: %s." % (msg, err)
def __del__(self):
print "DEBUG: CLOSING SOCKET"
self.socket.close()
print "DEBUG: SOCKET CLOSED"
############################################################################################################
class Client(object):
############################################################################################################
class NetworkThread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, parent, serv):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.serv = serv
self.status = 1
self.parent = parent
try:
print "DEBUG: CREATING SOCKET"
self.socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
# self.ttl = struct.pack('b', 1)
self.group = socket.inet_aton(MULTICAST_GROUP)
self.mreq = struct.pack('=4sl', self.group, socket.INADDR_ANY)
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, self.mreq)
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
print "DEBUG: TRYING TO CONNECT"
self.msg_sending( str(88) )
data, serv = self.socket.recvfrom(1024)
print str(data) + " from " + str(serv)
except socket.error, err:
print "ERROR: EXCEPTION DURING INITIALIZING SERVER'S SOCKET DUE TO THE: %s" % err
sys.exit(1)
def msg_sending(self, msg):
try:
self.socket.sendto(msg, self.serv)
except socket.error, err:
print "ERROR: Message \"%s\" COULDN'T BEEN SENT DUE TO THE: %s." % (msg, err)
def __del__(self):
print "DEBUG: CLOSING SOCKET"
self.socket.close()
print "DEBUG: SOCKET CLOSED"
############################################################################################################
def __init__(self, serv):
self.networking = self.NetworkThread(self, serv)
self.networking.run()
def __del__(self):
print "DEBUG: JOINED - EXITING. HAVE A NICE DAY."
############################################################################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("", "--sp", action="store", type="int", dest="serv_port")
parser.add_option("", "--sip", action="store", type="string", dest="serv_ip")
parser.add_option("-c", "", action="store_true", dest="client")
parser.add_option("-s", "", action="store_true", dest="server")
options, args = parser.parse_args()
if not (options.server or options.client):
print "ERROR: Client/Server not specified. Could not continue..."
sys.exit(1)
elif options.server and not options.serv_port:
print "ERROR: Server's ports not specified. Could not continue..."
sys.exit(1)
elif options.client and not (options.serv_port and options.serv_ip):
print "ERROR: Ports not specified. Could not continue..."
sys.exit(1)
else:
if options.server:
serv = Server(options.serv_port)
else:
client = Client((options.serv_ip, options.serv_port))
答案 0 :(得分：1)
服务器和客户端都需要打开一个端口，服务器是一个端口，它从客户端接收“88”消息，客户端接收组播端口。但是，在客户端中，您永远不会将套接字绑定到端口。
self.socket.bind(("", MULTICAST_PORT))
在该示例中，您也碰巧使用相同的端口与客户端/服务器作为多播端口进行通信，并且由于您在一台计算机上运行它会导致麻烦（据我所知，进程无法共享端口）。
将端口运行与另一个端口绑定后进行客户端/服务器通信。
$ python multicast.py -s --sp 20000
$ python multicast.py -c --sip localhost --sp 20000
这应该适合你（在我的机器上......以及在虚拟机设置中......）。如果您坚持只使用一个端口，那么您需要使用两台机器。
编辑错过了它在一台计算机上测试过。