Question

考虑这个文字：

您是否希望通过电子邮件回复您的问题？

我将通过标记它们来为多个单词提出多种选择：

您是否希望通过电子邮件[发送] | [有] | [对]您的问题的回复发送给您[问题] | [通过电子邮件发送给您？

选项为括号，并由管道分隔好的选择之前是 g

我想解析这句话，以便将文本格式化为：

您希望__通过电子邮件发送__您的问题回复吗？

使用如下列表：

[
  [
    {"to get":0},
    {"having":0},
    {"to have":1},
  ],
  [
    {"up to":0},
    {"to":1},
    {"on":0},
  ],
]

我的标记设计是否正常？
如何正则表达句子以获得所需的结果并生成列表？

编辑：需要面向用户的标记语言

Answer 1

我会添加一些分组括号{}，并输出不是dicts列表的列表，而是输出dicts列表。

代码：

import re

s = 'Would you like {[to get]|[having]|g[to have]} responses to your questions sent {[up to]|g[to]|[on]} you via email ?'

def variants_to_dict(variants):
    dct = {}
    for is_good, s in variants:
        dct[s] = 1 if is_good == 'g' else 0
    return dct

def question_to_choices(s):
    choices_re = re.compile(r'{[^}]+}')
    variants_re = re.compile(r'''\|?(g?)
                                 \[
                                    ([^\]]+)
                                 \]
                                ''', re.VERBOSE)
    choices_list = []
    for choices in choices_re.findall(s):
        choices_list.append(variants_to_dict(variants_re.findall(choices)))

    return choices_re.sub('___', s), choices_list

question, choices = question_to_choices(s)
print question
print choices

输出：

Would you like ___ responses to your questions sent ___ you via email ?
[{'to have': 1, 'to get': 0, 'having': 0}, {'to': 1, 'up to': 0, 'on': 0}]

Answer 2

使用正则表达式进行粗略的解析实现：

import re
s = "Would you like [to get]|[having]|g[to have] responses to your questions sent [up to]|g[to]|[on] you via email ?"   # pattern string

choice_groups = re.compile(r"((?:g?\[[^\]]+\]\|?)+)")  # regex to get choice groups
choices = re.compile(r"(g?)\[([^\]]+)\]")  # regex to extract choices within each group

# now, use the regexes to parse the string:
groups = choice_groups.findall(s)
# returns: ['[to get]|[having]|g[to have]', '[up to]|g[to]|[on]']

# parse each group to extract possible choices, along with if they are good
group_choices = [choices.findall(group) for group in groups]
# will contain [[('', 'to get'), ('', 'having'), ('g', 'to have')], [('', 'up to'), ('g', 'to'), ('', 'on')]]

# finally, substitute each choice group to form a template
template = choice_groups.sub('___', s)
# template is "Would you like ___ responses to your questions sent ___ you via email ?"

解析这个以适合您的格式现在应该很容易。祝你好运：）

Answer 3

我也会建议我的解决方案：

您是否希望{得到}对您的问题做出回复？通过电子邮件发送{最多| +到|开}？

def extract_choices(text):
    choices = []

    def callback(match):
        variants = match.group().strip('{}')
        choices.append(dict(
            (v.lstrip('+'), v.startswith('+'))
            for v in variants.split('|')
        ))
        return '___'

    text = re.sub('{.*?}', callback, text)

    return text, choices

让我们尝试一下：

>>> t = 'Would you like {to get|having|+to have} responses to your questions    sent {up to|+to|on} you via email?'
>>> pprint.pprint(extract_choices(t))
... ('Would you like ___ responses to your questions sent ___ you via email?',
... [{'having': False, 'to get': False, 'to have': True},
...  {'on': False, 'to': True, 'up to': False}])

Answer 4

我还认为，对于这个任务，xml更合适，因为已经有很多工具可以使解析更容易，更不容易出错。

无论如何，如果你决定使用你的设计，我会做这样的事情：

import re

question_str = ("Would you like [to get]|[having]|g[to have] "
                "responses to your questions sent "
                "[up to]|g[to]|[on] you via email ?")

def option_to_dict(option_str):
     if option_str.startswith('g'):
          name = option_str.lstrip('g')
          value = 1
     else:
          name = option_str
          value = 0
     name = name.strip('[]')
     return {name: value}

regex = re.compile('g?\[[^]]+\](\|g?\[[^]]+\])*')

options = [[option_to_dict(option_str)
            for option_str in match.group(0).split('|')]
           for match in regex.finditer(question_str)]
print options

question = regex.sub('___', question_str)
print question

示例输出：

[[{'to get': 0}, {'having': 0}, {'to have': 1}], [{'up to': 0}, {'to': 1}, {'on': 0}]]
Would you like ___ responses to your questions sent ___ you via email ?

注意：关于设计，我认为最好设置一个标记来设置整个选项的开始/结束（不只是一个选项）。

Python - 多选标记解析

4 个答案: