有没有办法在纯C中将文本文件读入一维数组?这是我尝试过的(我正在写刽子手):
int main() {
printf("Welcome to hangman!");
char buffer[81];
FILE *dictionary;
int random_num;
int i;
char word_array[80368];
srand ( time(NULL) );
random_num = rand() % 80368 + 1;
dictionary = fopen("dictionary.txt", "r");
while (fgets(buffer, 80, dictionary) != NULL){
printf(buffer); //just to make sure the code worked;
for (i = 1; i < 80368; i++) {
word_array[i] = *buffer;
}
}
printf("%s, \n", word_array[random_num]);
return 0;
}
这里有什么问题?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这部分错了:
while (fgets(buffer, 80, dictionary) != NULL){
printf(buffer); //just to make sure the code worked;
for (i = 1; i < 80368; i++) {
word_array[i] = *buffer;
}
}
您正在从buffer
复制80368个字符,其大小为81.将其更改为:
i = 0;
while (fgets(buffer, 80, dictionary) != NULL){
printf(buffer); //just to make sure the code worked;
for (j = 0; j < 80; j++) {
word_array[i++] = buffer[j];
}
}
答案 1 :(得分:3)
尝试改变一些事情;
首先;你要存储一个字符。 word_array[i] = *buffer;
表示将单个字符(缓冲区中的第一个字符)复制到word_array中的每个(和每个)单字符插槽中。
其次,你的数组将保存80K字符,而不是80K字。假设这是你的字典文件的长度,你不能在那里使用那个循环。
我假设您的词典文件中有80,368个单词。不过,这比我工作站上的
/usr/share/dict/words
少了400,000个字,但对于刽子手来说听起来像是一个合理的大小......
如果你故意想要一维数组,出于某种原因,你必须做以下三件事之一:
假装你在大型机上,并为每个单词使用80个字符:
char word_array[80368 * 80];
memcpy (&(word_array[80 * i]), buffer, 80);
创建一个并行数组,其索引指向巨大缓冲区中每行的开头
int last_char = 0;
char* word_start[80368];
char word_array[80368 * 80];
for ( … i++ ) {
memcpy (&word_array[last_char], buffer, strlen(buffer));
word_start[i] = last_char;
last_char += strlen(buffer);
}
切换到使用指向char的指针数组,每个插槽一个字。
char* word_array[80368];
for (int i = 0; i < 80368, i++) {
fgets (buffer, 80, dictionary);
word_array[i] = strdup (buffer);
}
我推荐后者,否则你必须猜测最大尺寸或在阅读时浪费大量RAM。 (如果你的平均单词长度大约是4-5个字符,就像英文一样,你平均每个单词浪费75个字节。)
我还建议动态分配word_array:
int max_word = 80368;
char** word_array = malloc (max_word * sizeof (char*));
...如果您的字典大小有所改变,它可以让您更安全地阅读:
int i = 0;
while (1) {
/* If we've exceeded the preset word list size, increase it. */
if ( i > max_word ) {
max_word *= 1.2; /* tunable arbitrary value */
word_array = realloc (word_array, max_word * sizeof(char*));
}
/* Try to read a line, and… */
char* e = fgets (buffer, 80, dictionary);
if (NULL == e) { /* end of file */
/* free any unused space */
word_array = realloc (word_array, i * sizeof(char*));
/* exit the otherwise-infinite loop */
break;
} else {
/* remove any \r and/or \n end-of-line chars */
for (char *s = &(buffer[0]); s < &(buffer[80]); ++s) {
if ('\r' == *s || '\n' == *s || '\0' == *s) {
*s = '\0'; break;
}
}
/* store a copy of the word, only, and increment the counter.
* Note that `strdup` will only copy up to the end-of-string \0,
* so you will only allocate enough memory for actual word
* lengths, terminal \0's, and the array of pointers itself. */
*(word_array + i++) = strdup (buffer);
}
}
/* when we reach here, word_array is guaranteed to be the right size */
random = rand () % max_word;
printf ("random word #%d: %s\n", random, *(word_array + random));
抱歉,这是匆忙发布的,所以我没有测试过上面的内容。注意事项。