基本上,当用户调整应用程序窗口的大小时,我希望应用程序在重新打开应用程序时大小相同。
起初我虽然处理了SizeChanged事件并保存了高度和宽度,但我认为必须有更简单的解决方案。
非常简单的问题,但我找不到简单的解决方案。
答案 0 :(得分:110)
将值保存在user.config文件中。
您需要在设置文件中创建值 - 它应该在Properties文件夹中。创建五个值:
Top
的double
类型Left
double
类型Height
double
类型Width
double
类型为Maximized
的bool
- 用于确定窗口是否已最大化。如果您想存储更多信息,则需要使用不同的类型或结构。将前两个初始化为0,将后两个初始化为应用程序的默认大小,将最后一个初始化为false。
在构造函数中:
this.Top = Properties.Settings.Default.Top;
this.Left = Properties.Settings.Default.Left;
this.Height = Properties.Settings.Default.Height;
this.Width = Properties.Settings.Default.Width;
// Very quick and dirty - but it does the job
if (Properties.Settings.Default.Maximized)
{
WindowState = WindowState.Maximized;
}
创建一个Window_Closing事件处理程序并添加以下内容:
if (WindowState == WindowState.Maximized)
{
// Use the RestoreBounds as the current values will be 0, 0 and the size of the screen
Properties.Settings.Default.Top = RestoreBounds.Top;
Properties.Settings.Default.Left = RestoreBounds.Left;
Properties.Settings.Default.Height = RestoreBounds.Height;
Properties.Settings.Default.Width = RestoreBounds.Width;
Properties.Settings.Default.Maximized = true;
}
else
{
Properties.Settings.Default.Top = this.Top;
Properties.Settings.Default.Left = this.Left;
Properties.Settings.Default.Height = this.Height;
Properties.Settings.Default.Width = this.Width;
Properties.Settings.Default.Maximized = false;
}
Properties.Settings.Default.Save();
如果用户在关闭应用程序时缩小显示区域(通过断开屏幕或更改屏幕分辨率),这将失败,因此您应该在应用值之前添加检查所需的位置和大小是否仍然有效
答案 1 :(得分:69)
实际上,您不需要使用代码隐藏来执行此操作(保存设置除外)。您可以使用自定义标记扩展将窗口大小和位置绑定到以下设置:
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:my="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1"
Title="Window1"
Height="{my:SettingBinding Height}"
Width="{my:SettingBinding Width}"
Left="{my:SettingBinding Left}"
Top="{my:SettingBinding Top}">
您可以在此处找到此标记扩展的代码: http://www.thomaslevesque.com/2008/11/18/wpf-binding-to-application-settings-using-a-markup-extension/
答案 2 :(得分:39)
刚刚写了一篇博客文章,详细介绍了如何以简单而强大的方式完成此任务。它使用Andy提到的GetWindowPlacement
和SetWindowPlacement
函数,但是他提到的一些奇怪的行为被清理了:
https://engy.us/blog/2010/03/08/saving-window-size-and-location-in-wpf-and-winforms/
以下是与其他答案的一些区别:
答案 3 :(得分:33)
虽然你可以“自己滚动”并在某处手动保存设置,但一般情况下它会起作用,很容易无法正确处理所有情况。通过在退出时调用GetWindowPlacement()并在启动时调用SetWindowPlacement(),让操作系统为您完成工作要好得多。它处理所有可能发生的疯狂边缘情况(多个监视器,如果窗口的正常大小保持最大化时保存,等等),这样你就不必这样做了。
This MSDN Sample展示了如何在WPF应用中使用它们。样本不完美(窗口将在第一次运行时在左上角开始尽可能小,并且设置设计器保存类型为WINDOWPLACEMENT
的值时有一些奇怪的行为),但它应该在最不能让你开始。
答案 4 :(得分:27)
Thomas上面发布的“长形式”绑定几乎不需要编码,只需确保你有命名空间绑定:
<Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:p="clr-namespace:WpfApplication1.Properties"
Title="Window1"
Height="{Binding Source={x:Static p:Settings.Default}, Path=Height, Mode=TwoWay}"
Width="{Binding Source={x:Static p:Settings.Default}, Path=Width, Mode=TwoWay}"
Left="{Binding Source={x:Static p:Settings.Default}, Path=Left, Mode=TwoWay}"
Top="{Binding Source={x:Static p:Settings.Default}, Path=Top, Mode=TwoWay}">
然后保存代码隐藏:
private void frmMain_Closed(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Properties.Settings.Default.Save();
}
答案 5 :(得分:4)
或者,您可能也喜欢以下方法(see source)。将WindowSettings类添加到项目中,并在主窗口的标题中插入WindowSettings.Save="True"
:
<Window x:Class="YOURPROJECT.Views.ShellView"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:Services="clr-namespace:YOURNAMESPACE.Services"
Services:WindowSettings.Save="True">
WindowSettings的定义如下:
using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Windows;
namespace YOURNAMESPACE.Services
{
/// <summary>
/// Persists a Window's Size, Location and WindowState to UserScopeSettings
/// </summary>
public class WindowSettings
{
#region Fields
/// <summary>
/// Register the "Save" attached property and the "OnSaveInvalidated" callback
/// </summary>
public static readonly DependencyProperty SaveProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("Save", typeof (bool), typeof (WindowSettings), new FrameworkPropertyMetadata(OnSaveInvalidated));
private readonly Window mWindow;
private WindowApplicationSettings mWindowApplicationSettings;
#endregion Fields
#region Constructors
public WindowSettings(Window pWindow) { mWindow = pWindow; }
#endregion Constructors
#region Properties
[Browsable(false)] public WindowApplicationSettings Settings {
get {
if (mWindowApplicationSettings == null) mWindowApplicationSettings = CreateWindowApplicationSettingsInstance();
return mWindowApplicationSettings;
}
}
#endregion Properties
#region Methods
public static void SetSave(DependencyObject pDependencyObject, bool pEnabled) { pDependencyObject.SetValue(SaveProperty, pEnabled); }
protected virtual WindowApplicationSettings CreateWindowApplicationSettingsInstance() { return new WindowApplicationSettings(this); }
/// <summary>
/// Load the Window Size Location and State from the settings object
/// </summary>
protected virtual void LoadWindowState() {
Settings.Reload();
if (Settings.Location != Rect.Empty) {
mWindow.Left = Settings.Location.Left;
mWindow.Top = Settings.Location.Top;
mWindow.Width = Settings.Location.Width;
mWindow.Height = Settings.Location.Height;
}
if (Settings.WindowState != WindowState.Maximized) mWindow.WindowState = Settings.WindowState;
}
/// <summary>
/// Save the Window Size, Location and State to the settings object
/// </summary>
protected virtual void SaveWindowState() {
Settings.WindowState = mWindow.WindowState;
Settings.Location = mWindow.RestoreBounds;
Settings.Save();
}
/// <summary>
/// Called when Save is changed on an object.
/// </summary>
private static void OnSaveInvalidated(DependencyObject pDependencyObject, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs pDependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs) {
var window = pDependencyObject as Window;
if (window != null)
if ((bool) pDependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs.NewValue) {
var settings = new WindowSettings(window);
settings.Attach();
}
}
private void Attach() {
if (mWindow != null) {
mWindow.Closing += WindowClosing;
mWindow.Initialized += WindowInitialized;
mWindow.Loaded += WindowLoaded;
}
}
private void WindowClosing(object pSender, CancelEventArgs pCancelEventArgs) { SaveWindowState(); }
private void WindowInitialized(object pSender, EventArgs pEventArgs) { LoadWindowState(); }
private void WindowLoaded(object pSender, RoutedEventArgs pRoutedEventArgs) { if (Settings.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized) mWindow.WindowState = Settings.WindowState; }
#endregion Methods
#region Nested Types
public class WindowApplicationSettings : ApplicationSettingsBase
{
#region Constructors
public WindowApplicationSettings(WindowSettings pWindowSettings) { }
#endregion Constructors
#region Properties
[UserScopedSetting] public Rect Location {
get {
if (this["Location"] != null) return ((Rect) this["Location"]);
return Rect.Empty;
}
set { this["Location"] = value; }
}
[UserScopedSetting] public WindowState WindowState {
get {
if (this["WindowState"] != null) return (WindowState) this["WindowState"];
return WindowState.Normal;
}
set { this["WindowState"] = value; }
}
#endregion Properties
}
#endregion Nested Types
}
}
答案 6 :(得分:3)
这是我在互联网上看到的最优雅的解决方案。看看这个:
它适用于WPF和WinForms。
答案 7 :(得分:3)
解决它的默认方法是使用设置文件。设置文件的问题是您必须定义所有设置并编写自己来回复制数据的代码。如果你有很多属性需要跟踪,那将非常繁琐。
我为此创建了一个非常灵活且非常易于使用的库,您只需告诉它要跟踪哪个对象的哪些属性,然后完成剩下的工作。如果你愿意的话,你也可以配置垃圾。
该库名为 Jot (github) ,这是我写过的旧CodeProject article。
以下是如何使用它来跟踪窗口的大小和位置:
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
_stateTracker.Configure(this)
.IdentifyAs("MyMainWindow")
.AddProperties(nameof(Height), nameof(Width), nameof(Left), nameof(Top), nameof(WindowState))
.RegisterPersistTrigger(nameof(Closed))
.Apply();
}
Jot与设置文件相比:使用Jot的代码要少得多,并且由于您只需要提及一次的每个属性,因此它更不容易出错。 使用设置文件,您需要提及每个属性 5次:一次显式创建属性,另外四次在代码中来回复制值。
存储,序列化等完全可配置。此外,在使用IOC时,您甚至可以将它连接起来,以便它自动将跟踪应用于它所解析的所有对象,这样您只需要执行属性持久化就可以在其上打一个[Trackable]属性。
我正在写这一切,因为我觉得这个图书馆是一流的,而且我想要了解它。
答案 8 :(得分:1)
我写了一个快速课程来做到这一点。以下是它的名称:
public MainWindow()
{
FormSizeSaver.RegisterForm(this, () => Settings.Default.MainWindowSettings,
s =>
{
Settings.Default.MainWindowSettings = s;
Settings.Default.Save();
});
InitializeComponent();
...
以下是代码:
public class FormSizeSaver
{
private readonly Window window;
private readonly Func<FormSizeSaverSettings> getSetting;
private readonly Action<FormSizeSaverSettings> saveSetting;
private FormSizeSaver(Window window, Func<string> getSetting, Action<string> saveSetting)
{
this.window = window;
this.getSetting = () => FormSizeSaverSettings.FromString(getSetting());
this.saveSetting = s => saveSetting(s.ToString());
window.Initialized += InitializedHandler;
window.StateChanged += StateChangedHandler;
window.SizeChanged += SizeChangedHandler;
window.LocationChanged += LocationChangedHandler;
}
public static FormSizeSaver RegisterForm(Window window, Func<string> getSetting, Action<string> saveSetting)
{
return new FormSizeSaver(window, getSetting, saveSetting);
}
private void SizeChangedHandler(object sender, SizeChangedEventArgs e)
{
var s = getSetting();
s.Height = e.NewSize.Height;
s.Width = e.NewSize.Width;
saveSetting(s);
}
private void StateChangedHandler(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var s = getSetting();
if (window.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized)
{
if (!s.Maximized)
{
s.Maximized = true;
saveSetting(s);
}
}
else if (window.WindowState == WindowState.Normal)
{
if (s.Maximized)
{
s.Maximized = false;
saveSetting(s);
}
}
}
private void InitializedHandler(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var s = getSetting();
window.WindowState = s.Maximized ? WindowState.Maximized : WindowState.Normal;
if (s.Height != 0 && s.Width != 0)
{
window.Height = s.Height;
window.Width = s.Width;
window.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
window.Left = s.XLoc;
window.Top = s.YLoc;
}
}
private void LocationChangedHandler(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var s = getSetting();
s.XLoc = window.Left;
s.YLoc = window.Top;
saveSetting(s);
}
}
[Serializable]
internal class FormSizeSaverSettings
{
public double Height, Width, YLoc, XLoc;
public bool Maximized;
public override string ToString()
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
{
var bf = new BinaryFormatter();
bf.Serialize(ms, this);
ms.Position = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[(int)ms.Length];
ms.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
return Convert.ToBase64String(buffer);
}
}
internal static FormSizeSaverSettings FromString(string value)
{
try
{
using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Convert.FromBase64String(value)))
{
var bf = new BinaryFormatter();
return (FormSizeSaverSettings) bf.Deserialize(ms);
}
}
catch (Exception)
{
return new FormSizeSaverSettings();
}
}
}
答案 9 :(得分:0)
你可能会喜欢这个:
public class WindowStateHelper
{
public static string ToXml(System.Windows.Window win)
{
XElement bounds = new XElement("Bounds");
if (win.WindowState == System.Windows.WindowState.Maximized)
{
bounds.Add(new XElement("Top", win.RestoreBounds.Top));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Left", win.RestoreBounds.Left));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Height", win.RestoreBounds.Height));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Width", win.RestoreBounds.Width));
}
else
{
bounds.Add(new XElement("Top", win.Top));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Left", win.Left));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Height", win.Height));
bounds.Add(new XElement("Width", win.Width));
}
XElement root = new XElement("WindowState",
new XElement("State", win.WindowState.ToString()),
new XElement("Visibility", win.Visibility.ToString()),
bounds);
return root.ToString();
}
public static void FromXml(string xml, System.Windows.Window win)
{
try
{
XElement root = XElement.Parse(xml);
string state = root.Descendants("State").FirstOrDefault().Value;
win.WindowState = (System.Windows.WindowState)Enum.Parse(typeof(System.Windows.WindowState), state);
state = root.Descendants("Visibility").FirstOrDefault().Value;
win.Visibility = (System.Windows.Visibility)Enum.Parse(typeof(System.Windows.Visibility), state);
XElement bounds = root.Descendants("Bounds").FirstOrDefault();
win.Top = Convert.ToDouble(bounds.Element("Top").Value);
win.Left = Convert.ToDouble(bounds.Element("Left").Value);
win.Height = Convert.ToDouble(bounds.Element("Height").Value);
win.Width = Convert.ToDouble(bounds.Element("Width").Value);
}
catch (Exception x)
{
System.Console.WriteLine(x.ToString());
}
}
}
应用关闭时:
Properties.Settings.Default.Win1Placement = WindowStateHelper.ToXml(win1);
Properties.Settings.Default.Win2Placement = WindowStateHelper.ToXml(win2);
...
应用开始时:
WindowStateHelper.FromXml(Properties.Settings.Default.Win1Placement, win1);
WindowStateHelper.FromXml(Properties.Settings.Default.Win2Placement, win2);
...
答案 10 :(得分:0)
在默认设置中创建一个名为WindowXml的字符串。
在Window Loaded和Closing事件上使用此扩展方法来恢复和保存窗口大小和位置。
using YourProject.Properties;
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows;
using System.Xml.Linq;
namespace YourProject.Extensions
{
public static class WindowExtensions
{
public static void SaveSizeAndLocation(this Window w)
{
try
{
var s = "<W>";
s += GetNode("Top", w.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? w.RestoreBounds.Top : w.Top);
s += GetNode("Left", w.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? w.RestoreBounds.Left : w.Left);
s += GetNode("Height", w.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? w.RestoreBounds.Height : w.Height);
s += GetNode("Width", w.WindowState == WindowState.Maximized ? w.RestoreBounds.Width : w.Width);
s += GetNode("WindowState", w.WindowState);
s += "</W>";
Settings.Default.WindowXml = s;
Settings.Default.Save();
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}
public static void RestoreSizeAndLocation(this Window w)
{
try
{
var xd = XDocument.Parse(Settings.Default.WindowXml);
w.WindowState = (WindowState)Enum.Parse(typeof(WindowState), xd.Descendants("WindowState").FirstOrDefault().Value);
w.Top = Convert.ToDouble(xd.Descendants("Top").FirstOrDefault().Value);
w.Left = Convert.ToDouble(xd.Descendants("Left").FirstOrDefault().Value);
w.Height = Convert.ToDouble(xd.Descendants("Height").FirstOrDefault().Value);
w.Width = Convert.ToDouble(xd.Descendants("Width").FirstOrDefault().Value);
}
catch (Exception)
{
}
}
private static string GetNode(string name, object value)
{
return string.Format("<{0}>{1}</{0}>", name, value);
}
}
}
答案 11 :(得分:0)
有一个NuGet Project RestoreWindowPlace 请参阅github,为您完成所有这些工作,将信息保存在XML文件中。
要让它在窗口上工作,就像调用:
一样简单 rlnorm
在App中,您可以创建管理窗口的类。有关更多信息,请参阅上面的github链接。
答案 12 :(得分:0)
我使用Lance Cleveland的回答并绑定设置。 但我正在使用更多代码来避免我的窗口超出屏幕。
private void SetWindowSettingsIntoScreenArea()
{
// first detect Screen, where we will display the Window
// second correct bottom and right position
// then the top and left position.
// If Size is bigger than current Screen, it's still possible to move and size the Window
// get the screen to display the window
var screen = System.Windows.Forms.Screen.FromPoint(new System.Drawing.Point((int)Default.Left, (int)Default.Top));
// is bottom position out of screen for more than 1/3 Height of Window?
if (Default.Top + (Default.Height / 3) > screen.WorkingArea.Height)
Default.Top = screen.WorkingArea.Height - Default.Height;
// is right position out of screen for more than 1/2 Width of Window?
if (Default.Left + (Default.Width / 2) > screen.WorkingArea.Width)
Default.Left = screen.WorkingArea.Width - Default.Width;
// is top position out of screen?
if (Default.Top < screen.WorkingArea.Top)
Default.Top = screen.WorkingArea.Top;
// is left position out of screen?
if (Default.Left < screen.WorkingArea.Left)
Default.Left = screen.WorkingArea.Left;
}
答案 13 :(得分:0)
我根据RandomEngys出色的答案提出了一个更通用的解决方案。它将位置保存到正在运行的文件夹中的文件,您无需为创建的每个新窗口创建新属性。此解决方案对我来说非常有用,因为后面的代码最少。
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Interop;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace WindowPlacementNameSpace
{
// RECT structure required by WINDOWPLACEMENT structure
[Serializable]
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct RECT
{
public int Left;
public int Top;
public int Right;
public int Bottom;
public RECT(int left, int top, int right, int bottom)
{
this.Left = left;
this.Top = top;
this.Right = right;
this.Bottom = bottom;
}
}
// POINT structure required by WINDOWPLACEMENT structure
[Serializable]
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct POINT
{
public int X;
public int Y;
public POINT(int x, int y)
{
this.X = x;
this.Y = y;
}
}
// WINDOWPLACEMENT stores the position, size, and state of a window
[Serializable]
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct WINDOWPLACEMENT
{
public int length;
public int flags;
public int showCmd;
public POINT minPosition;
public POINT maxPosition;
public RECT normalPosition;
}
public static class WindowPlacement
{
private static readonly Encoding Encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
private static readonly XmlSerializer Serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(WINDOWPLACEMENT));
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool SetWindowPlacement(IntPtr hWnd, [In] ref WINDOWPLACEMENT lpwndpl);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool GetWindowPlacement(IntPtr hWnd, out WINDOWPLACEMENT lpwndpl);
private const int SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1;
private const int SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2;
private static void SetPlacement(IntPtr windowHandle, string placementXml)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(placementXml))
{
return;
}
byte[] xmlBytes = Encoding.GetBytes(placementXml);
try
{
WINDOWPLACEMENT placement;
using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(xmlBytes))
{
placement = (WINDOWPLACEMENT)Serializer.Deserialize(memoryStream);
}
placement.length = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(WINDOWPLACEMENT));
placement.flags = 0;
placement.showCmd = (placement.showCmd == SW_SHOWMINIMIZED ? SW_SHOWNORMAL : placement.showCmd);
SetWindowPlacement(windowHandle, ref placement);
}
catch (InvalidOperationException)
{
// Parsing placement XML failed. Fail silently.
}
}
private static string GetPlacement(IntPtr windowHandle)
{
WINDOWPLACEMENT placement;
GetWindowPlacement(windowHandle, out placement);
using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
using (XmlTextWriter xmlTextWriter = new XmlTextWriter(memoryStream, Encoding.UTF8))
{
Serializer.Serialize(xmlTextWriter, placement);
byte[] xmlBytes = memoryStream.ToArray();
return Encoding.GetString(xmlBytes);
}
}
}
public static void ApplyPlacement(this Window window)
{
var className = window.GetType().Name;
try
{
var pos = File.ReadAllText(Directory + "\\" + className + ".pos");
SetPlacement(new WindowInteropHelper(window).Handle, pos);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
Log.Error("Couldn't read position for " + className, exception);
}
}
public static void SavePlacement(this Window window)
{
var className = window.GetType().Name;
var pos = GetPlacement(new WindowInteropHelper(window).Handle);
try
{
File.WriteAllText(Directory + "\\" + className + ".pos", pos);
}
catch (Exception exception)
{
Log.Error("Couldn't write position for " + className, exception);
}
}
private static string Directory => Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location);
}
}
在后面的代码中添加这两种方法
///This method is save the actual position of the window to file "WindowName.pos"
private void ClosingTrigger(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.SavePlacement();
}
///This method is load the actual position of the window from the file
protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
{
base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
this.ApplyPlacement();
}
在xaml窗口中添加此
Closing="ClosingTrigger"