我有这段代码
import json
from pprint import pprint
json_data=open('bookmarks.json')
jdata = json.load(json_data)
pprint (jdata)
json_data.close()
如何搜索u'uri': u'http:？
答案 0 :(得分：22)
由于json.loads只返回一个字典，您可以使用适用于dicts的运算符：
>>> jdata = json.load('{"uri": "http:", "foo", "bar"}')
>>> 'uri' in jdata # Check if 'uri' is in jdata's keys
True
>>> jdata['uri'] # Will return the value belonging to the key 'uri'
u'http:'
编辑：要了解如何循环数据，请考虑以下示例：
>>> import json
>>> jdata = json.loads(open ('bookmarks.json').read())
>>> for c in jdata['children'][0]['children']:
... print 'Title: {}, URI: {}'.format(c.get('title', 'No title'),
c.get('uri', 'No uri'))
...
Title: Recently Bookmarked, URI: place:folder=BOOKMARKS_MENU(...)
Title: Recent Tags, URI: place:sort=14&type=6&maxResults=10&queryType=1
Title: , URI: No uri
Title: Mozilla Firefox, URI: No uri
检查jdata数据结构将允许您根据需要进行导航。您已经拥有的pprint电话是一个很好的起点。
Edit2：另一次尝试。这将获取您在词典列表中提到的文件。有了这个，我认为你应该能够根据自己的需要进行调整。
>>> def build_structure(data, d=[]):
... if 'children' in data:
... for c in data['children']:
... d.append({'title': c.get('title', 'No title'),
... 'uri': c.get('uri', None)})
... build_structure(c, d)
... return d
...
>>> pprint.pprint(build_structure(jdata))
[{'title': u'Bookmarks Menu', 'uri': None},
{'title': u'Recently Bookmarked',
'uri': u'place:folder=BOOKMARKS_MENU&folder=UNFILED_BOOKMARKS&(...)'},
{'title': u'Recent Tags',
'uri': u'place:sort=14&type=6&maxResults=10&queryType=1'},
{'title': u'', 'uri': None},
{'title': u'Mozilla Firefox', 'uri': None},
{'title': u'Help and Tutorials',
'uri': u'http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/firefox/help/'},
(...)
}]
然后“搜索u'uri': u'http:'”，执行以下操作：
for c in build_structure(jdata):
if c['uri'].startswith('http:'):
print 'Started with http'
答案 1 :(得分：16)
ObjectPath是一个库，它提供查询JSON和dicts和列表的嵌套结构的能力。例如，您可以搜索名为＆＃34; foo＆＃34;的所有属性。无论使用$..foo有多深。
虽然文档侧重于命令行界面，但您可以使用程序包的Python内部以编程方式执行查询。下面的示例假设您已经将数据加载到Python数据结构（dicts＆amp; lists）中。如果您以JSON文件或字符串开头，则只需先使用json module中的load或loads。
import objectpath
data = [
{'foo': 1, 'bar': 'a'},
{'foo': 2, 'bar': 'b'},
{'NoFooHere': 2, 'bar': 'c'},
{'foo': 3, 'bar': 'd'},
]
tree_obj = objectpath.Tree(data)
tuple(tree_obj.execute('$..foo'))
# returns: (1, 2, 3)
请注意，它只是跳过了缺少＆＃34; foo＆＃34;属性，例如列表中的第三项。您还可以执行更复杂的查询，这使得ObjectPath可以用于深度嵌套的结构（例如，查找x具有z的y：$.x.y.z）。我推荐您使用documentation和tutorial了解详情。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
似乎jro提供的JSON字典中有一个拼写错误（缺少冒号）。
正确的语法是： jdata = json.load（＆＃39; {＆＃34; uri＆＃34;：＆＃34; http：＆＃34;，＆＃34; foo＆＃34;：＆＃34; bar＆＃34;}＆ ＃39）
在播放代码时，这为我清除了它。
答案 3 :(得分：0)
如果您只需要输出（并且更熟悉命令行），则可以使用jsonpipe：
cat bookmarks.json | jsonpipe |grep uri
答案 4 :(得分：0)
搜索和打印dicts的功能，例如JSON。 *在python 3中制作
搜索：
def pretty_search(dict_or_list, key_to_search, search_for_first_only=False):
"""
Give it a dict or a list of dicts and a dict key (to get values of),
it will search through it and all containing dicts and arrays
for all values of dict key you gave, and will return you set of them
unless you wont specify search_for_first_only=True
:param dict_or_list:
:param key_to_search:
:param search_for_first_only:
:return:
"""
search_result = set()
if isinstance(dict_or_list, dict):
for key in dict_or_list:
key_value = dict_or_list[key]
if key == key_to_search:
if search_for_first_only:
return key_value
else:
search_result.add(key_value)
if isinstance(key_value, dict) or isinstance(key_value, list) or isinstance(key_value, set):
_search_result = pretty_search(key_value, key_to_search, search_for_first_only)
if _search_result and search_for_first_only:
return _search_result
elif _search_result:
for result in _search_result:
search_result.add(result)
elif isinstance(dict_or_list, list) or isinstance(dict_or_list, set):
for element in dict_or_list:
if isinstance(element, list) or isinstance(element, set) or isinstance(element, dict):
_search_result = pretty_search(element, key_to_search, search_result)
if _search_result and search_for_first_only:
return _search_result
elif _search_result:
for result in _search_result:
search_result.add(result)
return search_result if search_result else None
打印：
def pretty_print(dict_or_list, print_spaces=0):
"""
Give it a dict key (to get values of),
it will return you a pretty for print version
of a dict or a list of dicts you gave.
:param dict_or_list:
:param print_spaces:
:return:
"""
pretty_text = ""
if isinstance(dict_or_list, dict):
for key in dict_or_list:
key_value = dict_or_list[key]
if isinstance(key_value, dict):
key_value = pretty_print(key_value, print_spaces + 1)
pretty_text += "\t" * print_spaces + "{}:\n{}\n".format(key, key_value)
elif isinstance(key_value, list) or isinstance(key_value, set):
pretty_text += "\t" * print_spaces + "{}:\n".format(key)
for element in key_value:
if isinstance(element, dict) or isinstance(element, list) or isinstance(element, set):
pretty_text += pretty_print(element, print_spaces + 1)
else:
pretty_text += "\t" * (print_spaces + 1) + "{}\n".format(element)
else:
pretty_text += "\t" * print_spaces + "{}: {}\n".format(key, key_value)
elif isinstance(dict_or_list, list) or isinstance(dict_or_list, set):
for element in dict_or_list:
if isinstance(element, dict) or isinstance(element, list) or isinstance(element, set):
pretty_text += pretty_print(element, print_spaces + 1)
else:
pretty_text += "\t" * print_spaces + "{}\n".format(element)
else:
pretty_text += str(dict_or_list)
if print_spaces == 0:
print(pretty_text)
return pretty_text