SQL存储过程，将行输出为摘要列

时间：2011-12-02 22:35:36

标签： sql stored-procedures macros

使用SQL 2005 这是我的SQL结果的样子

UserID | Frame | Choice | Description | DateTime
------------------------------------------------
bcn005 | PL_P03| 1      | Rules-Based | 2011-10-24 14:14:26
bcn005 | PL_P04| 0      | VirtueBased | 2011-10-24 14:16:37
...
bmk172 | Prac_1| 0      | None        | 2011-10-25 12:45:38
...

我的客户希望结果看起来像这样

UserID | Frame | Choice | Description | DateTime  | Frame | Choice | Description | DateTime 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bcn005 | PL_P03| 1      | Rules-Based | 2011-10-..| PL_P04| 0      | VirtueBased | 2011-10-..
bmk172 | Prac_1| 0      | None        | 2011-10-..|

所有参与者的回复都在一行中。对于结果集的每一行，基本上需要另一组Frame / Choice Description / DateTime。

这些是调查结果，但调查类型中有一位参与者可能已经回过头并改变了他们的答案5次。因此，每个UserID的Frame / Choice Description / DateTime的数量将不同。

我知道我应该使用存储过程（或者甚至是excel宏），但我对这两者都是全新的。任何指导表示赞赏。这是我的SQL查询

select UserID, locationName AS 'Frame', student_response AS 'Choice',
description, DateTime
from tblStudentResponses
WHERE GroupID in (18,20,21,36,37,38,39,40)
AND UserID in (SELECT UserID FROM tblStudentResponses WHERE
locationName = 'Character1Certificate')
AND DateTime > '2011-10-01'
AND type = 'choice'
order by UserID

<小时/> 的 !!更新!! 完整的工作解决方案和测试代码
- 样本数据准备 将@FrameChoices声明为TABLE（UserId varchar（50），Frame varchar（50），Choice varchar（4000），Description varchar（1000），[DateTime] DateTime）

--Test Values
INSERT INTO @FrameChoices(UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime])
SELECT  UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime]
FROM (
    SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P03' AS Frame, '1' AS Choice, 'Rules-Based'
    AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:14:26' AS [DateTime]
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P04' AS Frame, '0' AS Choice, 'VirtueBased'
    AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:16:37' AS [DateTime]
    UNION ALL
    SELECT 'bmk172' AS UserId, 'Prac_1' AS Frame, '0' AS Choice, 'None' AS
    Description, '2011-10-25 12:45:38' AS [DateTime]
) T

- 动态SQL准备

DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @MaxNumberOfFrames INT

SET @SQL = ''
SET @MaxNumberOfFrames = 1

SELECT @MaxNumberOfFrames = MAX(FrameCount)
  FROM
    (
        SELECT COUNT(1) FrameCount
        FROM @FrameChoices
        GROUP BY UserId  
    ) T

 --needed to be part of the SQL string to EXEC at the bottom
SET @SQL = 'DECLARE @FrameChoices as TABLE(UserId varchar(50),Frame varchar(50),Choice varchar(4000),Description varchar(1000),[DateTime] DateTime)' 

SET @SQL = @SQL + ' INSERT INTO @FrameChoices(UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime])'
SET @SQL = @SQL + ' SELECT  UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime]'
SET @SQL = @SQL + ' FROM ('
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     SELECT ''bcn005'' AS UserId, ''PL_P03'' AS Frame, ''1'' AS Choice, ''Rules-Based'''
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     AS Description, ''2011-10-24 14:14:26'' AS [DateTime]'
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     UNION ALL'
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     SELECT ''bcn005'' AS UserId, ''PL_P04'' AS Frame, ''0'' AS Choice, ''VirtueBased'''
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     AS Description, ''2011-10-24 14:16:37'' AS [DateTime]'
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     UNION ALL'
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     SELECT ''bmk172'' AS UserId, ''Prac_1'' AS Frame, ''0'' AS Choice, ''None'' AS'
SET @SQL = @SQL + '     Description, ''2011-10-25 12:45:38'' AS [DateTime]'
SET @SQL = @SQL + ' ) T'

SET @SQL = @SQL + ' SELECT UserId'

--changed size to max
DECLARE @ColumnSQL VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @CurrentFrame INT

SET @CurrentFrame = 1

WHILE (@CurrentFrame <= @MaxNumberOfFrames)
BEGIN
    SET @ColumnSQL = ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Frame ELSE '''' END) AS Frame_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Choice ELSE '''' END) AS Choice_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Description ELSE '''' END) AS Description_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
    SET @SQL = @SQL + @ColumnSQL
    SET @CurrentFrame = @CurrentFrame + 1
END

SET @SQL = @SQL + ' FROM ( SELECT UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime], ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY UserId ORDER BY [DateTime]) AS RowNumber FROM @FrameChoices) T GROUP BY T.UserId'

PRINT @SQL

- 然后可以通过

执行生成的SQL 
EXEC(@SQL)
 -- OR
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL(@SQL)

- 从上面的查询生成的示例SQL 

DECLARE @FrameChoices as TABLE(UserId varchar(50),Frame varchar(50),Choice varchar(4000),Description varchar(1000),[DateTime] DateTime) INSERT INTO @FrameChoices(UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime]) SELECT  UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime] FROM (     SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P03' AS Frame, '1' AS Choice, 'Rules-Based'  AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:14:26' AS [DateTime]     UNION ALL   SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P04' AS Frame, '0' AS Choice, 'VirtueBased'  AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:16:37' AS [DateTime]     UNION ALL   SELECT 'bmk172' AS UserId, 'Prac_1' AS Frame, '0' AS Choice, 'None' AS  Description, '2011-10-25 12:45:38' AS [DateTime] ) T SELECT UserId, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Frame ELSE '' END) AS Frame_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Choice ELSE '' END) AS Choice_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Description ELSE '' END) AS Description_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Frame ELSE '' END) AS Frame_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Choice ELSE '' END) AS Choice_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Description ELSE '' END) AS Description_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_2 FROM ( SELECT UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime], ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY UserId ORDER BY [DateTime]) AS RowNumber FROM @FrameChoices) T GROUP BY T.UserId

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

如果是SQL 2005或ABove，您可以尝试使用pivot。

如果是SQL 2000，则使用Group By和Case的组合。

SELECT GC1,
       GC2,
       MAX(CASE WHEN CONDITION1 THEN Value1 ELSE Value2 END) AS DerivedColumn
FROM Table1
GROUP BY GC1, GC2

参考文献： SQL Server PIVOT and UNPIVOT

Pivot with Dynamic Column

Stack Overflow Pivot Question

[解决]

- 样本数据准备

DECLARE @FrameChoices TABLE
(
  UserId varchar(20),
  Frame varchar(20),
  Choice int,
  Description varchar(20),
  [DateTime] DateTime
)

INSERT INTO @FrameChoices(UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime])
SELECT  UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime]
  FROM (
        SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P03' AS Frame, 1 AS Choice, 'Rules-Based' AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:14:26' AS [DateTime]
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'bcn005' AS UserId, 'PL_P04' AS Frame, 0 AS Choice, 'VirtueBased' AS Description, '2011-10-24 14:16:37' AS [DateTime]
        UNION ALL
        SELECT 'bmk172' AS UserId, 'Prac_1' AS Frame, 0 AS Choice, 'None' AS Description, '2011-10-25 12:45:38' AS [DateTime]
       ) T

- 动态SQL准备

DECLARE @SQL VARCHAR(4000)
DECLARE @MaxNumberOfFrames INT

SET @SQL = ''
SET @MaxNumberOfFrames = 1

SELECT @MaxNumberOfFrames = MAX(FrameCount)
  FROM
(
SELECT COUNT(1)FrameCount
  FROM @FrameChoices
 GROUP BY UserId  
) T

SET @SQL = 'SELECT UserId'

DECLARE @ColumnSQL VARCHAR(512)
DECLARE @CurrentFrame INT

SET @CurrentFrame = 1

WHILE (@CurrentFrame <= @MaxNumberOfFrames)
BEGIN
    SET @ColumnSQL = ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Frame ELSE NULL END) AS Frame_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Choice ELSE NULL END) AS Choice_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN Description ELSE NULL END) AS Description_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
                    + ', MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber ='+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)+ ' THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_'+CAST(@CurrentFrame AS VARCHAR)
    SET @SQL = @SQL + @ColumnSQL
    SET @CurrentFrame = @CurrentFrame + 1
END

SET @SQL = @SQL + ' FROM ( SELECT UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime], ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY UserId ORDER BY [DateTime]) AS RowNumber FROM @FrameChoices) T GROUP BY T.UserId'

PRINT @SQL

- 然后可以通过

执行生成的SQL 
EXEC(@SQL)
 -- OR
EXEC SP_EXECUTESQL(@SQL)

- 从上面的查询生成的示例SQL 

SELECT UserId, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Frame ELSE NULL END) AS Frame_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Choice ELSE NULL END) AS Choice_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN Description ELSE NULL END) AS Description_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =1 THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_1, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Frame ELSE NULL END) AS Frame_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Choice ELSE NULL END) AS Choice_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN Description ELSE NULL END) AS Description_2, MAX(CASE WHEN RowNumber =2 THEN [DateTime] ELSE NULL END) AS DateTime_2 FROM ( SELECT UserId,Frame,Choice,Description,[DateTime], ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY UserId ORDER BY [DateTime]) AS RowNumber FROM @FrameChoices) T GROUP BY T.UserId

答案 1 :(得分：0)

您想要的是SQL Server的数据透视表功能

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177410(SQL.90).aspx

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