我有一个来自Firewire天文相机的灰度视频流，我想使用FFmpeg来压缩视频流，但它不接受MPEG1VIDEO编解码器的单字节像素格式。如何使用FFmpeg API将灰度视频帧转换为FFmpeg接受的帧格式？
答案 0 :(得分：7)
MPEG-1只接受YUV。所以将你的帧转换为yuv。使用SwsContext结构，通过调用sws_getContext创建它，然后使用sws_scale。
尝试使用rawvideo编解码器。您需要指定pix_fmt参数来描述帧的格式 - 您的每像素帧为1字节，但它们是否为灰度（您没有提到）？例如
ffmpeg -i INPUT -vcodec rawvideo -pix_fmt yuv420p output.avi
这里pix_fmt指定yuv420p，这不是你需要的。为您使用适当的帧类型。
我将发布pix_fmt值的头文件内容。尝试查看您的帧类型是否已定义。例如，查看PIX_FMT_RGB8（8位）。
/*
* copyright (c) 2006 Michael Niedermayer <michaelni@gmx.at>
*
* This file is part of FFmpeg.
*
* FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*/
#ifndef AVUTIL_PIXFMT_H
#define AVUTIL_PIXFMT_H
/**
* @file
* pixel format definitions
*
* @warning This file has to be considered an internal but installed
* header, so it should not be directly included in your projects.
*/
#include "libavutil/avconfig.h"
/**
* Pixel format. Notes:
*
* PIX_FMT_RGB32 is handled in an endian-specific manner. An RGBA
* color is put together as:
* (A << 24) | (R << 16) | (G << 8) | B
* This is stored as BGRA on little-endian CPU architectures and ARGB on
* big-endian CPUs.
*
* When the pixel format is palettized RGB (PIX_FMT_PAL8), the palettized
* image data is stored in AVFrame.data[0]. The palette is transported in
* AVFrame.data[1], is 1024 bytes long (256 4-byte entries) and is
* formatted the same as in PIX_FMT_RGB32 described above (i.e., it is
* also endian-specific). Note also that the individual RGB palette
* components stored in AVFrame.data[1] should be in the range 0..255.
* This is important as many custom PAL8 video codecs that were designed
* to run on the IBM VGA graphics adapter use 6-bit palette components.
*
* For all the 8bit per pixel formats, an RGB32 palette is in data[1] like
* for pal8. This palette is filled in automatically by the function
* allocating the picture.
*
* Note, make sure that all newly added big endian formats have pix_fmt&1==1
* and that all newly added little endian formats have pix_fmt&1==0
* this allows simpler detection of big vs little endian.
*/
enum PixelFormat {
PIX_FMT_NONE= -1,
PIX_FMT_YUV420P, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 12bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_YUYV422, ///< packed YUV 4:2:2, 16bpp, Y0 Cb Y1 Cr
PIX_FMT_RGB24, ///< packed RGB 8:8:8, 24bpp, RGBRGB...
PIX_FMT_BGR24, ///< packed RGB 8:8:8, 24bpp, BGRBGR...
PIX_FMT_YUV422P, ///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 16bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x1 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_YUV444P, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 24bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_YUV410P, ///< planar YUV 4:1:0, 9bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 4x4 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_YUV411P, ///< planar YUV 4:1:1, 12bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 4x1 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_GRAY8, ///< Y , 8bpp
PIX_FMT_MONOWHITE, ///< Y , 1bpp, 0 is white, 1 is black, in each byte pixels are ordered from the msb to the lsb
PIX_FMT_MONOBLACK, ///< Y , 1bpp, 0 is black, 1 is white, in each byte pixels are ordered from the msb to the lsb
PIX_FMT_PAL8, ///< 8 bit with PIX_FMT_RGB32 palette
PIX_FMT_YUVJ420P, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 12bpp, full scale (JPEG), deprecated in favor of PIX_FMT_YUV420P and setting color_range
PIX_FMT_YUVJ422P, ///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 16bpp, full scale (JPEG), deprecated in favor of PIX_FMT_YUV422P and setting color_range
PIX_FMT_YUVJ444P, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 24bpp, full scale (JPEG), deprecated in favor of PIX_FMT_YUV444P and setting color_range
PIX_FMT_XVMC_MPEG2_MC,///< XVideo Motion Acceleration via common packet passing
PIX_FMT_XVMC_MPEG2_IDCT,
PIX_FMT_UYVY422, ///< packed YUV 4:2:2, 16bpp, Cb Y0 Cr Y1
PIX_FMT_UYYVYY411, ///< packed YUV 4:1:1, 12bpp, Cb Y0 Y1 Cr Y2 Y3
PIX_FMT_BGR8, ///< packed RGB 3:3:2, 8bpp, (msb)2B 3G 3R(lsb)
PIX_FMT_BGR4, ///< packed RGB 1:2:1 bitstream, 4bpp, (msb)1B 2G 1R(lsb), a byte contains two pixels, the first pixel in the byte is the one composed by the 4 msb bits
PIX_FMT_BGR4_BYTE, ///< packed RGB 1:2:1, 8bpp, (msb)1B 2G 1R(lsb)
PIX_FMT_RGB8, ///< packed RGB 3:3:2, 8bpp, (msb)2R 3G 3B(lsb)
PIX_FMT_RGB4, ///< packed RGB 1:2:1 bitstream, 4bpp, (msb)1R 2G 1B(lsb), a byte contains two pixels, the first pixel in the byte is the one composed by the 4 msb bits
PIX_FMT_RGB4_BYTE, ///< packed RGB 1:2:1, 8bpp, (msb)1R 2G 1B(lsb)
PIX_FMT_NV12, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 12bpp, 1 plane for Y and 1 plane for the UV components, which are interleaved (first byte U and the following byte V)
PIX_FMT_NV21, ///< as above, but U and V bytes are swapped
PIX_FMT_ARGB, ///< packed ARGB 8:8:8:8, 32bpp, ARGBARGB...
PIX_FMT_RGBA, ///< packed RGBA 8:8:8:8, 32bpp, RGBARGBA...
PIX_FMT_ABGR, ///< packed ABGR 8:8:8:8, 32bpp, ABGRABGR...
PIX_FMT_BGRA, ///< packed BGRA 8:8:8:8, 32bpp, BGRABGRA...
PIX_FMT_GRAY16BE, ///< Y , 16bpp, big-endian
PIX_FMT_GRAY16LE, ///< Y , 16bpp, little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV440P, ///< planar YUV 4:4:0 (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x2 Y samples)
PIX_FMT_YUVJ440P, ///< planar YUV 4:4:0 full scale (JPEG), deprecated in favor of PIX_FMT_YUV440P and setting color_range
PIX_FMT_YUVA420P, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 20bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y & A samples)
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_H264,///< H.264 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_MPEG1,///< MPEG-1 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_MPEG2,///< MPEG-2 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_WMV3,///< WMV3 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_VC1, ///< VC-1 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_RGB48BE, ///< packed RGB 16:16:16, 48bpp, 16R, 16G, 16B, the 2-byte value for each R/G/B component is stored as big-endian
PIX_FMT_RGB48LE, ///< packed RGB 16:16:16, 48bpp, 16R, 16G, 16B, the 2-byte value for each R/G/B component is stored as little-endian
PIX_FMT_RGB565BE, ///< packed RGB 5:6:5, 16bpp, (msb) 5R 6G 5B(lsb), big-endian
PIX_FMT_RGB565LE, ///< packed RGB 5:6:5, 16bpp, (msb) 5R 6G 5B(lsb), little-endian
PIX_FMT_RGB555BE, ///< packed RGB 5:5:5, 16bpp, (msb)1A 5R 5G 5B(lsb), big-endian, most significant bit to 0
PIX_FMT_RGB555LE, ///< packed RGB 5:5:5, 16bpp, (msb)1A 5R 5G 5B(lsb), little-endian, most significant bit to 0
PIX_FMT_BGR565BE, ///< packed BGR 5:6:5, 16bpp, (msb) 5B 6G 5R(lsb), big-endian
PIX_FMT_BGR565LE, ///< packed BGR 5:6:5, 16bpp, (msb) 5B 6G 5R(lsb), little-endian
PIX_FMT_BGR555BE, ///< packed BGR 5:5:5, 16bpp, (msb)1A 5B 5G 5R(lsb), big-endian, most significant bit to 1
PIX_FMT_BGR555LE, ///< packed BGR 5:5:5, 16bpp, (msb)1A 5B 5G 5R(lsb), little-endian, most significant bit to 1
PIX_FMT_VAAPI_MOCO, ///< HW acceleration through VA API at motion compensation entry-point, Picture.data[3] contains a vaapi_render_state struct which contains macroblocks as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VAAPI_IDCT, ///< HW acceleration through VA API at IDCT entry-point, Picture.data[3] contains a vaapi_render_state struct which contains fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_VAAPI_VLD, ///< HW decoding through VA API, Picture.data[3] contains a vaapi_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_YUV420P16LE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 24bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV420P16BE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 24bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV422P16LE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 32bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x1 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV422P16BE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 32bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x1 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P16LE, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 48bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P16BE, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 48bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_VDPAU_MPEG4, ///< MPEG4 HW decoding with VDPAU, data[0] contains a vdpau_render_state struct which contains the bitstream of the slices as well as various fields extracted from headers
PIX_FMT_DXVA2_VLD, ///< HW decoding through DXVA2, Picture.data[3] contains a LPDIRECT3DSURFACE9 pointer
PIX_FMT_RGB444LE, ///< packed RGB 4:4:4, 16bpp, (msb)4A 4R 4G 4B(lsb), little-endian, most significant bits to 0
PIX_FMT_RGB444BE, ///< packed RGB 4:4:4, 16bpp, (msb)4A 4R 4G 4B(lsb), big-endian, most significant bits to 0
PIX_FMT_BGR444LE, ///< packed BGR 4:4:4, 16bpp, (msb)4A 4B 4G 4R(lsb), little-endian, most significant bits to 1
PIX_FMT_BGR444BE, ///< packed BGR 4:4:4, 16bpp, (msb)4A 4B 4G 4R(lsb), big-endian, most significant bits to 1
PIX_FMT_GRAY8A, ///< 8bit gray, 8bit alpha
PIX_FMT_BGR48BE, ///< packed RGB 16:16:16, 48bpp, 16B, 16G, 16R, the 2-byte value for each R/G/B component is stored as big-endian
PIX_FMT_BGR48LE, ///< packed RGB 16:16:16, 48bpp, 16B, 16G, 16R, the 2-byte value for each R/G/B component is stored as little-endian
//the following 10 formats have the disadvantage of needing 1 format for each bit depth, thus
//If you want to support multiple bit depths, then using PIX_FMT_YUV420P16* with the bpp stored seperately
//is better
PIX_FMT_YUV420P9BE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 13.5bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV420P9LE, ///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 13.5bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV420P10BE,///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 15bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV420P10LE,///< planar YUV 4:2:0, 15bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x2 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV422P10BE,///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 20bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x1 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV422P10LE,///< planar YUV 4:2:2, 20bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 2x1 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P9BE, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 27bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P9LE, ///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 27bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P10BE,///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 30bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), little-endian
PIX_FMT_YUV444P10LE,///< planar YUV 4:4:4, 30bpp, (1 Cr & Cb sample per 1x1 Y samples), big-endian
PIX_FMT_NB, ///< number of pixel formats, DO NOT USE THIS if you want to link with shared libav* because the number of formats might differ between versions
};
#define PIX_FMT_Y400A PIX_FMT_GRAY8A
#if AV_HAVE_BIGENDIAN
# define PIX_FMT_NE(be, le) PIX_FMT_##be
#else
# define PIX_FMT_NE(be, le) PIX_FMT_##le
#endif
#define PIX_FMT_RGB32 PIX_FMT_NE(ARGB, BGRA)
#define PIX_FMT_RGB32_1 PIX_FMT_NE(RGBA, ABGR)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR32 PIX_FMT_NE(ABGR, RGBA)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR32_1 PIX_FMT_NE(BGRA, ARGB)
#define PIX_FMT_GRAY16 PIX_FMT_NE(GRAY16BE, GRAY16LE)
#define PIX_FMT_RGB48 PIX_FMT_NE(RGB48BE, RGB48LE)
#define PIX_FMT_RGB565 PIX_FMT_NE(RGB565BE, RGB565LE)
#define PIX_FMT_RGB555 PIX_FMT_NE(RGB555BE, RGB555LE)
#define PIX_FMT_RGB444 PIX_FMT_NE(RGB444BE, RGB444LE)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR48 PIX_FMT_NE(BGR48BE, BGR48LE)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR565 PIX_FMT_NE(BGR565BE, BGR565LE)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR555 PIX_FMT_NE(BGR555BE, BGR555LE)
#define PIX_FMT_BGR444 PIX_FMT_NE(BGR444BE, BGR444LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV420P9 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV420P9BE , YUV420P9LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV444P9 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV444P9BE , YUV444P9LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV420P10 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV420P10BE, YUV420P10LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV422P10 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV422P10BE, YUV422P10LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV444P10 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV444P10BE, YUV444P10LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV420P16 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV420P16BE, YUV420P16LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV422P16 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV422P16BE, YUV422P16LE)
#define PIX_FMT_YUV444P16 PIX_FMT_NE(YUV444P16BE, YUV444P16LE)
#endif /* AVUTIL_PIXFMT_H */
答案 1 :(得分：6)
灰度与YUV的关系非常简单 - YUV的“Y”与灰度完全相同。
将灰度转换为YUV的简单方法是
请参阅this参考标尺之间的转换：
相应地：
Y = (0.257 * R) + (0.504 * G) + (0.098 * B) + 16 Cr = V = (0.439 * R) - (0.368 * G) - (0.071 * B) + 128 Cb = U = -(0.148 * R) - (0.291 * G) + (0.439 * B) + 128 Now: For a Grayscale image (W): R = W; G = W; B = W; Keeping this: Y[i] = 0.895 * W[i] + 16. U[i] = 128 (fixed value) V[i] = 128 (fxied value)
你实际上可以使用几乎相同的Y [i] = W [i]。 128值表示在0-256的缩放/移位基数中的'0'，其签名为无符号转换。
所以你需要保留的是将其他内存区域Y和U创建为固定值，并将此帧提供给ffmpeg。
我不确定，但通过恰当地告诉FFMPEG，它只在内部完成。您提供的RGB值也同样适用于那里;这也不是MPEG的原生。
所以请查看FFMPEG的API，它可以让你这样做。
<强>奖金
请记住，在过去的好日子里，有黑白（灰度）电视机。新的彩色电视机需要兼容旧的彩色电视机，因此颜色信息以U和V的形式添加（有时也称为YCbCr - 其中Cb和Cr称为色度，分别是UV的线性变化）这个背景）。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
如果您只是使用＆＃34; hue＆＃34;过滤;像这样：
ffmpeg -i inputfile.ogv -vf hue = s = 0 outputfile-unsat.ogv
答案 3 :(得分：-1)
ffmpeg 有任何问题，那么你需要先下载最新版本，它会修复一些错误：
https://ffmpeg.org/download.html#build-windows