我在类成员函数中有以下代码:
int state = 0;
int code = static_cast<int>(letter_[i]);
if (isalnum(code)) {
state = testTable[state][0];
} else if (isspace(code)) {
state = testTable[state][2];
} else if (code == OPEN_TAG) {
state = testTable[state][3];
} else if (code == CLOSE_TAG) {
state = testTable[state][4];
} else {
state = testTable[state][1];
}
switch (state) {
case 1: // alphanumeric symbol was read
buffer[j] = letter_[i];
++j;
break;
case 2: // delimeter was read
j = 0;
// buffer.clear();
break;
}
但是,如果state是类成员变量而不是local变量,则性能会大幅下降(约5倍)。我正在阅读有关访问局部变量和类成员的差异,但文本通常会说它会略微影响性能。
如果有帮助:我使用MinGW GCC编译器和-O3选项。
答案 0 :(得分:1)
我无法重现你的观察,在x86_64上用VS10和g ++进行测试。本地变体略快,可能是由于Alan Stokes在他的评论中所描述的,但最多只有10%左右。您应该检查您的时间,尝试排除任何其他问题,最好将您的所有代码减少到一个非常简单的测试 - 仍会显示此行为。
我认为我的测试用例非常类似于你的场景,至少就像你描述的那样:
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/timer.hpp>
const int max_iter = 1<<31;
const int start_value = 65535;
struct UseMember
{
int member;
void foo()
{
for(int i=0; i<max_iter; ++i)
{
if(member%2)
member = 3*member+1;
else
member = member>>1;
}
std::cout << "Value=" << member << std::endl;
}
};
struct UseLocal
{
void foo()
{
int local = start_value;
for(int i=0; i<max_iter; ++i)
{
if((local%2)!=0) /* odd */
local = 3*local+1;
else /* even */
local = local>>1;
}
std::cout << "Value=" << local << std::endl;
}
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/* First, test using member */
std::cout << "** Member Access" << std::endl;
{
UseMember bar;
bar.member = start_value;
boost::timer T;
bar.foo();
double e = T.elapsed();
std::cout << "Time taken: " << e << "s" << std::endl;
}
/* Then, test using local */
std::cout << "** Local Access" << std::endl;
{
UseLocal bar;
boost::timer T;
bar.foo();
double e = T.elapsed();
std::cout << "Time taken: " << e << "s" << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}