我已经使用任意顺序构建了一个包含字段名称的表。我希望这些字段名称按字母顺序排列,以便我可以在我的下拉列表中使用它们。是否可以使用查询?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
使用INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
从特定表格中选择列,并使用ORDER BY
按字母顺序排序:
SELECT column_name
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = '[schemaname]'
AND table_name = '[tablename]'
ORDER BY column_name
答案 1 :(得分:1)
这应该可以解决问题。它有点混乱和冗长,你将不得不更改数据库名称和表名,但对于这个,唯一的要求是有一个名为“test”的数据库,并且你正在运行这些命令:< / p>
让我们创建我们需要的表格:
-- CREATE TESTING TABLE IN A DATABASE NAMED "test"
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alphabet;
CREATE TABLE alphabet (
d varchar(10) default 'dee' not null
, f varchar(21)
, e tinyint
, b int NOT NULL
, a varchar(1)
, c int default '3'
);
-- USE A COMMAND STORAGE TABLE
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS loadcommands;
CREATE TABLE loadcommands (
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
, sqlcmd VARCHAR(1000)
, PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
现在让我们创建这个工作所需的两个存储过程:
将它们分开,因为一个人将负责加载命令,并包括一个光标以立即使用它是不合理的(至少对我和我的mysql版本):
-- PROCEDURE TO LOAD COMMANDS FOR REORDERING
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE reorder_loadcommands ()
BEGIN
DECLARE limitoffset INT;
SET @rank = 0;
SET @rankmain = 0;
SET @rankalter = 0;
SELECT COUNT(column_name) INTO limitoffset
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet';
INSERT INTO loadcommands (sqlcmd)
SELECT CONCAT(t1.cmd, t2.position) AS commander FROM (
SELECT @rankalter:=@rankalter+1 AS rankalter, CONCAT('ALTER TABLE '
, table_name, ' '
, 'MODIFY COLUMN ', column_name, ' '
, column_type, ' '
, CASE
WHEN character_set_name IS NOT NULL
THEN CONCAT('CHARACTER SET ', character_set_name, ' COLLATE ', collation_name, ' ')
ELSE ' '
END
, CASE
WHEN is_nullable = 'NO' AND column_default IS NULL
THEN 'NOT NULL '
WHEN is_nullable = 'NO' AND column_default IS NOT NULL
THEN CONCAT('DEFAULT \'', column_default, '\' NOT NULL ')
WHEN is_nullable = 'YES' THEN 'DEFAULT NULL '
END
) AS cmd
, column_name AS columnname
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet'
ORDER BY columnname
) t1
INNER JOIN (
SELECT @rankmain:=@rankmain+1 AS rownum, position FROM (
SELECT 0 AS rownum, 'FIRST' AS position
, '' AS columnname
UNION
SELECT @rank:=@rank+1 AS rownum, CONCAT('AFTER ', column_name) AS position
, column_name AS columnname
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE table_schema = 'test'
AND table_name = 'alphabet'
ORDER BY columnname
LIMIT limitoffset
) inner_table
) t2 ON t1.rankalter = t2.rownum
;
END//
DELIMITER ;
如果有人认为/我发现我缺少在ALTER
命令中包含任何重要的列属性,请不要犹豫,并提及它!现在进入下一个程序。这个只是按照id
表中列loadcommands
的顺序执行命令。 :
-- PROCEDURE TO RUN EACH REORDERING COMMAND
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE reorder_executecommands ()
BEGIN
DECLARE sqlcommand VARCHAR(1000);
DECLARE isdone INT DEFAULT FALSE;
DECLARE reorderCursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT sqlcmd FROM loadcommands ORDER BY id;
DECLARE CONTINUE HANDLER FOR NOT FOUND SET isdone = TRUE;
OPEN reorderCursor;
read_loop:LOOP
FETCH reorderCursor INTO sqlcommand;
IF isdone THEN
LEAVE read_loop;
END IF;
SET @sqlcmd = sqlcommand;
PREPARE stmt FROM @sqlcmd;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
END LOOP read_loop;
CLOSE reorderCursor;
END//
DELIMITER ;
SQL很长,所以如果有人可以指出方法(并且已经测试过它们)来缩短它,我很乐意这样做,但是现在,这至少可以在我的方面起作用。我也不需要在alphabet
表中放置虚拟数据。可以使用SHOW...
命令检查结果。
最后一部分:
-- TO TEST; AFTER RUNNING DDL COMMANDS:
SHOW CREATE TABLE alphabet; -- SEE ORIGINAL ORDER
CALL reorder_loadcommands(); -- PREPARE COMMANDS
CALL reorder_executecommands(); -- RUN COMMANDS
SHOW CREATE TABLE alphabet; -- SEE NEW ORDER
也许稍后我可以使reorder_loadcommands
动态并接受表格和架构参数,但我想这一切都是现在......
答案 2 :(得分:-1)
这必须帮助
ALTER table `table_name`
MODIFY COLUMN `Field1` varchar(100)
AFTER `Field2`
您将在 Field2
之后获得 Field1即
Field2
FIELD1 强>