类型检查模板类中的引用是否不那么严格?

时间:2011-11-18 17:55:15

标签: c++ templates types reference

通过促销在C ++中允许以下内容:

int ivalue = true;
bool bvalue = 1;
好吧,好吧。通过类型检查不允许这样做:

int& ivalue = false;
bool& bvalue = 0;

多好。

从维基百科看这个。 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_(programming)#C.2B.2B

#include <iostream>

template <typename T> class property {
        T value;
    public:
        T & operator = (const T &i) {
            ::std::cout << "T1: " << i << ::std::endl;
            return value = i;
        }
        // This template class member function template serves the purpose to make
        // typing more strict. Assignment to this is only possible with exact identical
        // types.
        template <typename T2> T2  operator = (const T2 &i) {
            ::std::cout << "T2: " << i << ::std::endl;
            T2 &guard = value;
        return value = i;
            throw guard; // Never reached.
        }/**/
        operator T const & () const {
            return value;
        }
};

struct Bar {
    // Using the property<>-template.
    property <bool> alpha;
    property <unsigned int> bravo;
};

int main () {
    Bar bar;
    bar.alpha = true;
    bar.bravo = true; // This line will yield a compile time error
                      // due to the guard template member function.
    ::std::cout << foo.alpha << ", "
                << foo.bravo << ", "
                << bar.alpha << ", "
                << bar.bravo
                << ::std::endl;


    bool bvar = 22;
    int ivar = true;
    //int &newvar = bvar;

    print(bvar);

    ::std::cout << bvar << " and " << ivar << "\n";
    return 0;
}

我认为使用模板对引用的类型检查会丢失吗?我是对的吗?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

不,无论是否涉及模板,类型转换和引用绑定规则都是相同的。您可以将临时(例如,当裁判与参考类型不同时需要的那个)绑定到const引用,但不能绑定到非const引用。

这就是为什么第二对示例无法编译的原因,以及当参数类型与模板参数不匹配时,模板operator=无法在更大的示例中编译的原因。在这两种情况下,代码都会尝试创建临时的直通式转换,并将其绑定到非const引用。