有时返回正确的值,有时为0,有时(看似)随机数...都来自同一个可执行文件。
.section .text
.global _start
_start:
movq $1, %rax
popq %rdi
syscall
例如:
%as -o this.o this.s ; ld -o this this.o
%./this; echo $?
1
%./this 1; echo $?
0
%./this 1 2; echo $?
3
%./this 1 2 a; echo $?
4
%./this 1 2 a f; echo $?
0
%_
我对汇编很新,但我非常有信心获得参数计数就像从堆栈中弹出一样简单。 我做错了什么,或者这真的搞砸了?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
我对FreeBSD 9.0 / amd64的相同案例感到困惑。我做的是(我使用nasm作汇编程序):
$ cat foo.asm
global _start
_start:
mov rax, 4 ; write
mov rdi, 1 ; stdout
mov rsi, rsp ; address
mov rdx, 16 ; 16bytes
syscall
mov rax, 1 ; exit
syscall
$ nasm -f elf64 foo.asm && ld -o foo foo.o
$ ./foo | hd
00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 | hd
00000000 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b8 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 | hd
00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 4 | hd
00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 4 5 | hd
00000000 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b0 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
我预计argc是在rsp,但事实并非如此。
我猜测内核(图像激活器)设置了寄存器。我搜索了源代码树,在/usr/src/sys/amd64/amd64/machdep.c(exec_setregs)中找到了以下代码。
regs->tf_rsp = ((stack - 8) & ~0xFul) + 8;
regs->tf_rdi = stack; /* argv */
这些行看起来说rsp是对齐的,实际数据是rdi。我改变了我的代码,得到了预期的结果。
$ cat foo.asm
global _start
_start:
push rdi
mov rax, 4 ; write
mov rdi, 1 ; stdout
pop rsi
mov rdx, 16 ; 16bytes
syscall
mov rax, 1 ; exit
syscall
$ nasm -f elf64 foo.asm && ld -o foo foo.o
$ ./foo | hd
00000000 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 b0 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 | hd
00000000 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a8 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 | hd
00000000 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a8 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 4 | hd
00000000 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a8 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
$ ./foo 2 3 4 5 | hd
00000000 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 a8 dc ff ff ff 7f 00 00 |................|
00000010
你能试试rdi吗?
答案 1 :(得分:1)
对于FreeBSD的标准调用约定,您需要:
movl %edi, %eax
最短的完整程序,其返回状态将等于传递的参数数量:
movl %edi, %eax
ret