Question

在VS 2010中构建网站项目时，我遇到以下异常：

The pre-application start initialization method Run on type WebActivator.ActivationManager  threw an exception with the following error message: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..

我该如何调试？当我使用VS.NET和命令行构建时（例如，通过NAnt / MSBuild），就会发生这种情况。

Answer 1

要解决此问题，您需要向aspnetcompiler提供-errorstack参数。然后当它失败时，你不仅会得到你现在看到的异常的堆栈跟踪，而且还会得到它包装的InnerException。例如，这是构建错误是由未加载Cassette dll的问题引起的输出：

    error ASPRUNTIME: The pre-application start initialization method Run on type We
bActivator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following error message
: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..

[TypeLoadException]: Could not load type 'Cassette.Configuration.ICassetteConfig
uration' from assembly 'Cassette, Version=0.8.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyTok
en=null'.
   at Cassette.Web.StartUp..cctor()

[TypeInitializationException]: The type initializer for 'Cassette.Web.StartUp' t
hrew an exception.
   at Cassette.Web.StartUp.PreApplicationStart()

[TargetInvocationException]: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invoc
ation.
   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle._InvokeMethodFast(IRuntimeMethodInfo method, Ob
ject target, Object[] arguments, SignatureStruct& sig, MethodAttributes methodAt
tributes, RuntimeType typeOwner)
   at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethodFast(IRuntimeMethodInfo method, Obj
ect target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, MethodAttributes methodAttributes
, RuntimeType typeOwner)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invoke
Attr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture, Boolean skipVisib
ilityChecks)
   at System.Reflection.RuntimeMethodInfo.Invoke(Object obj, BindingFlags invoke
Attr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
   at System.Reflection.MethodBase.Invoke(Object obj, Object[] parameters)
   at WebActivator.BaseActivationMethodAttribute.InvokeMethod()
   at WebActivator.ActivationManager.RunActivationMethods[T]()
   at WebActivator.ActivationManager.RunPreStartMethods()
   at WebActivator.ActivationManager.Run()

[InvalidOperationException]: The pre-application start initialization method Run
 on type WebActivator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following er
ror message: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..
   at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.InvokePreStartInitMethods(ICollection`
1 methods)
   at System.Web.Compilation.BuildManager.CallPreStartInitMethods()
   at System.Web.Hosting.HostingEnvironment.Initialize(ApplicationManager appMan
ager, IApplicationHost appHost, IConfigMapPathFactory configMapPathFactory, Host
ingEnvironmentParameters hostingParameters, PolicyLevel policyLevel, Exception a
ppDomainCreationException)

[HttpException]: The pre-application start initialization method Run on type Web
Activator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following error message:
 Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..
   at System.Web.Compilation.ClientBuildManager.EnsureHostCreated()
   at System.Web.Compilation.ClientBuildManager.PrecompileApplication(ClientBuil
dManagerCallback callback, Boolean forceCleanBuild)
   at System.Web.Compilation.Precompiler.Main(String[] args)

Answer 2

我想对Xoltar的答案进行投票，但这是我对SO的第一次贡献，所以我没有代表！

我的构建服务器（TeamCity）上有一个非常类似的问题，这是构建日志中的一个剪辑：

[00:10:39]: (MvcBuildViews target) -> 
[00:10:39]:   error ASPRUNTIME : The pre-application start initialization method Run on type WebActivator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following error message: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.. [C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\1ee8c94c32e676ad\source\Project.Site\Project.Site.csproj]
[00:10:39]:     0 Warning(s)
[00:10:39]:     1 Error(s)
[00:10:39]: Time Elapsed 00:00:27.93

要诊断问题，我运行了 ASPNET_COMPILER ，使用 -errorstack 参数来对抗 MSBUILD 为网站生成的内容。在这种情况下：

C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319>aspnet_compiler -p "C:\TeamCity\buildAgent\work\1ee8c94c32e676ad\source\Project.Site" -v anything -errorstack

Utility to precompile an ASP.NET application
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

error ASPRUNTIME: The pre-application start initialization method Run on type WebActivator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following error message : Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..

[FileNotFoundException]: Could not load file or assembly 'msshrtmi, Version=1.6.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
   at Microsoft.WindowsAzure.ServiceRuntime.RoleEnvironment.InitializeEnvironment()
   at Microsoft.WindowsAzure.ServiceRuntime.RoleEnvironment..cctor()

error ASPRUNTIME: The pre-application start initialization method Run on type WebActivator.ActivationManager threw an exception with the following error message : Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation..

在我的情况下，依赖于其中一个Azure程序集（未在构建服务器上安装）是问题的根源。

Answer 3

增加msbuild任务或命令行的详细级别以获取更详细的错误消息。

例如，使用/verbosity:detailed。

请参阅http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms164311.aspx

你在使用Ninject吗？
如果是，请参阅：http://groups.google.com/group/ninject/browse_thread/thread/1934e9260ba07ecd?pli=1和此：http://www.techques.com/question/1-6173194/Strange-behaviour-when-using-Ninject-to-resolve-a-service-within-a-controller-factory

您使用的是RavenDB吗？如果是这样，请参阅：http://groups.google.com/group/ravendb/browse_thread/thread/437738caf4760ce1/b7e92fd6cfeaaa17?#b7e92fd6cfeaaa17

Answer 4

就我而言，我在TeamCity中看到了[AspNetCompiler] error ASPRUNTIME error message: Value cannot be null.消息。

在完整的构建日志中，底部更有用的消息是：

error ASPRUNTIME : The pre-application start initialization method InitializePreStart on type MyApplication.MvcApplication threw an exception with the following error message: Value cannot be null.

事实证明，我使用PreApplicationStartMethod定义的方法抛出异常：

[assembly: System.Web.PreApplicationStartMethod(typeof(MyApp.MvcApplication), "InitializePreStart")]

namespace PrintFleet.PFE.RestService
{
    public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {
        //....
        public static void InitializePreStart()
        {
            // exception thrown here
        }
    }
}

我的情况中的原因是我的预启动方法是从注册表加载设置，并且它们在构建服务器上不存在（但在我的机器上执行，所以它在我构建它时起作用）。我不知道为什么webdeployment项目会运行此代码。

我将整个事情包装在try..catch中，记录了一条致命的消息（在我的应用程序中，它会转到日志文件和Windows事件日志中）。在构建中，我并不关心它是否失败，因为它不需要做任何事情。在实际安装中，如果缺少设置，应用程序将无法工作（因此日志解释了原因）。

现在，对OP而言，问题似乎是在web激活器中。如果在App_Start文件夹中有一个使用webactivor的方法抛出错误，我会不会感到惊讶，这使得它看起来像来自WebActivator。首先检查那里，如果需要，在try..catch中包装东西。 webactivator本身也可能存在错误。

因为我在研究问题时遇到过这篇文章，希望这些信息至少对其他人有用。

TL; DR：Web部署项目在编译时运行ApplicationPreStart方法。确保您在启动时运行的任何代码周围都有try..catch块，或者可以处理在IIS /托管环境之外的构建服务器上编译期间执行代码的情况。

构建过程中的ActivationManager异常？

4 个答案: