Question

    var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', 'http://static.reddit.com/reddit.com.header.png', true);

xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';

xhr.onload = function(e) {
  if (this.status == 200) {
    var uInt8Array = new Uint8Array(this.response);
    var byte3 = uInt8Array[4]; 

    var bb = new WebKitBlobBuilder();
    bb.append(xhr.response);
    var blob = bb.getBlob('image/png'); 
    var base64 = window.btoa(blob);
    alert(base64);

  }
};

xhr.send();

基本上，我在这里要做的是检索图像，并将其转换为base64。

通过阅读评论here，它说“当然。在将资源作为ArrayBuffer获取后，从中创建一个blob。一旦你有了，你可以直接对文件/ blob进行base64编码（窗口。 btoa（））或FileReader.readAsDataURL（）。“

但是，blob只是[对象blob]，而我需要从图像中获取二进制文件，以便将其转换为base64并使用数据将其显示在img标记中：

任何人都知道如何实现这一目标？

提前谢谢！

Answer 1

不要在Chrome中使用BlobBuilder（在OSX Chrome，Firefox 12，Safari 6，iOS Chrome，iOS Safari中测试）：

ex1：http://jsfiddle.net/malraux/xGUsu/（原则）

ex2：http://jsfiddle.net/xGUsu/78/（使用完整示例）

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', 'doodle.png', true);

xhr.responseType = 'arraybuffer';

// Process the response when the request is ready.
xhr.onload = function(e) {
  if (this.status == 200) {
    // Create a binary string from the returned data, then encode it as a data URL.
    var uInt8Array = new Uint8Array(this.response);
    var i = uInt8Array.length;
    var binaryString = new Array(i);
    while (i--)
    {
      binaryString[i] = String.fromCharCode(uInt8Array[i]);
    }
    var data = binaryString.join('');

    var base64 = window.btoa(data);

    document.getElementById("myImage").src="data:image/png;base64," + base64;
  }
};

xhr.send();

注意：此代码已超过7年。虽然它仍应在大多数浏览器中运行，但这是基于@TypeError建议的更新版本这只适用于更现代的浏览器，可能除了iOS Safari （可能支持也可能不支持responseType = 'blob' - 确保测试！）：

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('get', 'doodle.png', true);

// Load the data directly as a Blob.
xhr.responseType = 'blob';

xhr.onload = () => {
  document.querySelector('#myimage').src = URL.createObjectURL(this.response);
};

xhr.send();

Answer 2

您可以抓取Blob并使用window.URL.createObjectURL。这可以防止构建巨型字符串并复制所有内容几次。

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', 'https://i.imgur.com/sBJOoTm.png', true);

xhr.responseType = 'blob';

xhr.onload = function(e) {
  if (this.status == 200) {
var blob = this.response;
document.getElementById("myImage").src = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
  }
};

xhr.onerror = function(e) {
  alert("Error " + e.target.status + " occurred while receiving the document.");
};

xhr.send();

<img id="myImage">

示例（相同代码）：http://jsfiddle.net/ysangkok/sJxXk/86/。适用于Firefox和Chrome 25+。除了Opera Mini之外的所有其他浏览器：http://caniuse.com/#search=Blob

Answer 3

XMLHttpRequest

var xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
xmlhttp.open('GET', 'http://RestServiceURL-Returns Image', true);
xmlhttp.setRequestHeader('Content-type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
xmlhttp.responseType = 'arraybuffer/blob';
xmlhttp.send();

以3种方式创建blob图像。

window.URL。createObjectURL
FileReader（caniuse）

Base64String

xmlhttp.onload = function() {
    var blob = new Blob([this.response], {type: 'image/png'}); 
    console.log(blob, blob.type, this.response, typeof this.response);  

    var image = document.getElementById('my-image');

    1)image.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);

    2)var fileReader = new window.FileReader();
    fileReader.readAsDataURL(blob);
    fileReader.onloadend = function() { 
    image.src = fileReader.result;
    }

    3)var base64String = btoa(String.fromCharCode.apply(null, new Uint8Array(this.response)));
    image.src = 'data:image/png;base64,'+base64String;
};

将ArrayBuffer转换为Blob到ArrayBuffer

1)var dataView = new DataView(arrayBuffer);
var blob = new Blob([dataView], { type: mimeString });


2)fileReader.readAsArrayBuffer(blob);
var arrayBuffer;
fileReader.onload = function() {
    arrayBuffer = this.result;
};

Answer 4

与Janus Troelsen建议的相同解决方案，并添加了承诺......

使用createObjectURL时

注意！ - 请勿忘记致电revokeObjectURL

＆＃13;

//  Load blob (promise)
function loadBlob( url ){
    return new Promise( (resolve, reject) => {
        const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
        xhr.open('GET', url, true);
        xhr.responseType = 'blob';        
        xhr.onload  = () => resolve(xhr.response);
        xhr.onerror = () => reject(xhr.statusText);        
        xhr.send();
    });
}

//  Create image from blob (createObjectURL)
function imageFromBlob( blob ){ 
    const img = new Image();
    img.onload = () => URL.revokeObjectURL(img.src);
    img.src = URL.createObjectURL(blob);    
    return img;
}


//  Create image from blob if loaded successfully
loadBlob('https://unsplash.it/960/540?random')
    .then( blob => {
        document.body.appendChild( imageFromBlob(blob) );      
    })
    .catch( error => {
        console.log('Could not load image');
    })
    


//  Alternate version adding promise to xhr
//  if you like to trigger xhr.send() yourself
function xhrBlob(url){
    const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open('GET', url, true);
    xhr.responseType = 'blob';        
    xhr.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        xhr.onload  = () => resolve(xhr.response);
        xhr.onerror = () => reject(xhr.statusText);  
    });
    xhr.load = ( onsuccess = () => {}, onerror = () => {} ) => { 
        xhr.promise.then(onsuccess).catch(onerror);
        xhr.send();
        return xhr;
    }
    return xhr;
}


//  Using load callbacks
xhrBlob('https://unsplash.it/960/540?random')
    .load( 
        //  on sussess
        blob => {
            document.body.appendChild( imageFromBlob(blob) );      
        },
        //  on error
        error => {
            console.log('Could not load image');
        }
    );
    
 //  Using promise (delayed)
const image = xhrBlob('https://unsplash.it/960/540?random');

    //  Promise handlers
    image.promise
    .then( blob => {
        document.body.appendChild( imageFromBlob(blob) );      
    })
    .catch( error => {
        console.log('Could not load image');
    });
 
 //  Load image (will trigger promise handlers)
 setTimeout(image.load, 3000);

＆＃13;

img {
  width: 100%;
}

＆＃13;

从XHR请求获取BLOB数据

4 个答案: