首次尝试Javascript对象&继承:是否正确

时间:2011-11-04 23:25:18

标签: javascript class inheritance

我正在尝试学习如何在Javascript&中创建类。如何执行对象继承。我已经按照一些教程,但我不确定我的代码是否正确。

  • 我是否正在创建公共职能部门属性正确吗?如果没有,我应该改变什么?
  • 我是否创建了特权功能&属性正确吗?如果没有,我应该改变什么?
  • 我是否正在创建私人功能&属性正确吗?如果没有,我应该改变什么?
  • 我是否正确覆盖了功能?
  • 我正确执行继承吗?
  • 如果有什么不对,你能告诉我代码应该是什么吗?

这是我创建基类然后是子类的简单代码:

/* Base Object Class */
function BaseClass( /*string*/ objType )
{
   /* Public: */
   this.name = "blah";

   BaseClass.prototype.getName = function()
   {
    return this.name;
   }

   BaseClass.prototype.setName = function( newName )
   {
      var oldName = this.name;
      this.name   = newName;

      return oldName;
   }


   /* Private: */
   var attributeMap = {};

   this.constructor = function()
   {
      // this objects default constructor. Is this correct?
      attributeMap["type"]     = objType;
      attributeMap["uniqueID"] = "Base"+(++INSTANCE_COUNT);
   }


   /* Privileged: */
   // Will an object that inherits from this class be able to override the following functions? 
   // Or do I have to make these functions public in order to override them?
   this.toString = function()
   {
      var s = "";
      for (var attrib in attributeMap)
      {
         s += attrib + ": " + attributeMap[attrib] + ", ";
      }
      return s;
   }

   this.getType = function()
   {
      return attributeMap["type"];
   }

   this.renderObject = function()
   {
      // TODO: render object on HTML5 canvas
   }

   this.parseXMLNode = function( /*XML Node*/ nodeXML, /*string*/ objType )
   {
      var attribs = nodeXML.attributes;

      for (var i=0; i<attribs.length; i++)
      {
         attributeMap[ attribs[i].nodeName ] = attribs[i].nodeValue;
      }

      // store children 
      if ( nodeXML.hasChildNodes() )
      {
         attributeMap["children"] = nodeXML.childNodes;
      }

      reformatObjectInnerHTML();
   }

}


// Static Variables //
BaseObject.INSTANCE_COUNT = 0;


// My Child Class //
ChildClass.prototype = new BaseObject( objType );     // make ChildClass inherit from BaseClass
ChildClass.prototype.constructor = function(ObjType)  // Make the ChildClass call the BaseClass constructor
{
   BaseObject.prototype.constructor.call(this, objType);
}

function ChildClass( /*string*/ objType )
{
   /* Privileged: */
   // Attempt to override BaseClass function renderObject()
   this.renderObject = function()
   {
       alert("ChildClass::renderObject();");
       // Does this override the BaseClass renderObject() function?
   }
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

How to Achieve Private, Public, Privileged members in Javascript

虽然我不建议你写这样的代码。 JavaScript与C ++不同。不要用JavaScript编写C ++代码。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在JS中认真继承并不是那么有用。如果您需要将函数复制到另一个对象,只需在该对象的上下文中调用它们即可。我在Java领域做了大量的OOP,但是通过使用上下文和回调可以很容易地避免javascript中的继承。也就是说,如果您认为需要继承层次结构,则可能只需要回调或在不同的上下文中调用该函数。

但要回答不是“正确”方式的问题,请查看javascript g arden

function Foo() {
    this.value = 42;
}
Foo.prototype = {
    method: function() {}
};

function Bar() {}

// Set Bar's prototype to a new instance of Foo
Bar.prototype = new Foo();
Bar.prototype.foo = 'Hello World';

// Make sure to list Bar as the actual constructor
Bar.prototype.constructor = Bar;

var test = new Bar() // create a new bar instance