将datetime转换为LINQ to SQL查询中的格式化字符串

时间:2011-11-03 18:04:10

标签: linq entity-framework linq-to-sql

我知道LINQ to SQL不会将DateTime转换为string,因为SQL中没有ToString()。 但是如何将DateTime转换为格式化字符串?

这是以下查询中需要帮助的行:

StartDate = string.Format("{0:dd.MM.yy}", p.StartDate)

整个查询:

var offer = (from p in dc.CustomerOffer
             join q in dc.OffersInBranch
             on p.ID equals q.OfferID
             where q.BranchID == singleLoc.LocationID
             let value = (p.OriginalPrice - p.NewPrice) * 100 / p.OriginalPrice
             orderby value descending
             select new Offer()
             {
                 Title = p.OfferTitle,
                 Description = p.Description,
                 BestOffer = value,
                 ID = p.ID,
                 LocationID = q.BranchID,
                 LocationName = q.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                 OriginalPrice = SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.OriginalPrice),
                 NewPrice = SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.NewPrice),
                 StartDate = string.Format("{0:dd.MM.yy}", p.StartDate)
             }).First();

我收到以下错误消息:

LINQ to Entities does not recognize the method 'System.String ToString(System.String)' method, and this method cannot be translated into a store expression.

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:26)

另一种选择是使用SqlFunctions.DateName,你的代码将是这样的:

var offer = (from p in dc.CustomerOffer
                 join q in dc.OffersInBranch
                     on p.ID equals q.OfferID
                 where q.BranchID == singleLoc.LocationID
                 let value = (p.OriginalPrice - p.NewPrice) * 100 / p.OriginalPrice
                 orderby value descending
                 select new
                 {
                     Title = p.OfferTitle,
                     Description = p.Description,
                     BestOffer=value,
                     ID=p.ID,
                     LocationID=q.BranchID,
                     LocationName=q.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                     OriginalPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.OriginalPrice),
                     NewPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.NewPrice),
                     StartDate= SqlFunctions.DateName("day",p.StartDate) + "/" + SqlFunctions.DateName("month",p.StartDate) + "/" +  SqlFunctions.DateName("year",p.StartDate)

                 })

如果您不想添加额外的新选区块,我发现它很有用。

答案 1 :(得分:13)

编辑:现在我理解了这个问题,我又给了它一个镜头:)

var offer = (from p in dc.CustomerOffer
                     join q in dc.OffersInBranch
                         on p.ID equals q.OfferID
                     where q.BranchID == singleLoc.LocationID
                     let value = (p.OriginalPrice - p.NewPrice) * 100 / p.OriginalPrice
                     orderby value descending
                     select new
                     {
                         Title = p.OfferTitle,
                         Description = p.Description,
                         BestOffer=value,
                         ID=p.ID,
                         LocationID=q.BranchID,
                         LocationName=q.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                         OriginalPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.OriginalPrice),
                         NewPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.NewPrice),
                         StartDate=p.StartDate

                     })
                     .ToList()
                     .Select(x => new Offer()
                     {
                         Title = x.OfferTitle,
                         Description = x.Description,
                         BestOffer=value,
                         ID=x.ID,
                         LocationID=x.BranchID,
                         LocationName=x.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                         OriginalPrice=x.OriginalPrice,
                         NewPrice=x.NewPrice,
                         StartDate=x.StartDate.ToString("dd.MM.yy")
                     }).First();

我知道它有点长,但这是Linq To SQL的问题。

使用linq时,在使用ToList()或First()等导致实际对象的内容之前,不会执行数据库调用。一旦第一个.first()调用执行了SQL调用,您现在正在使用.NET类型,并且可以使用DateTime。

答案 2 :(得分:0)

如果是日期时间,则需要使用.ToShortDateString()。但是你还需要将它声明为AsEnumerable()。

var offer = (from p in dc.CustomerOffer.AsEnumerable()
                 join q in dc.OffersInBranch
                     on p.ID equals q.OfferID
                 where q.BranchID == singleLoc.LocationID
                 let value = (p.OriginalPrice - p.NewPrice) * 100 / p.OriginalPrice
                 orderby value descending
                 select new
                 {
                     Title = p.OfferTitle,
                     Description = p.Description,
                     BestOffer=value,
                     ID=p.ID,
                     LocationID=q.BranchID,
                     LocationName=q.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                     OriginalPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.OriginalPrice),
                     NewPrice=SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.NewPrice),
                     StartDate=p.StartDate

                 })
                 .ToList()
                 .Select(x => new Offer()
                 {
                     Title = x.OfferTitle,
                     Description = x.Description,
                     BestOffer=value,
                     ID=x.ID,
                     LocationID=x.BranchID,
                     LocationName=x.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
                     OriginalPrice=x.OriginalPrice,
                     NewPrice=x.NewPrice,
                     StartDate=x.StartDate.ToShortDateString()
                 }).First();

答案 3 :(得分:0)

这就是我们所做的,我们在类中添加了一个新函数,我们在查询中查询日期:

[ComplexType]
public class Offer
{    
    public DateTime StartDate 
    {
        get;
        set;
    }

   public String Title
   {
       get;
       set;
   }

   /*Other fields*/      
   .
   .
   .


    public string FormattedDate(string format)
    {
        return Date.ToString(format);
    }
}



var offer = (from p in dc.CustomerOffer
         join q in dc.OffersInBranch
         on p.ID equals q.OfferID
         where q.BranchID == singleLoc.LocationID
         let value = (p.OriginalPrice - p.NewPrice) * 100 / p.OriginalPrice
         orderby value descending
         select new Offer()
         {
             Title = p.OfferTitle,
             Description = p.Description,
             BestOffer = value,
             ID = p.ID,
             LocationID = q.BranchID,
             LocationName = q.CustomerBranch.BranchName,
             OriginalPrice = SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.OriginalPrice),
             NewPrice = SqlFunctions.StringConvert((decimal)p.NewPrice),
             StartDate = p.StartDate
         }).First();

然后你可以调用FormattedDate字段传递所需的格式。

edit1.Text = offer.FormattedDate("dd.MM.yy");

或者可以将其定义为仅具有getter的字段:

    public string FormattedDate
                {
                   get { return Date.ToString("dd.MM.yy") };
                }

 edit1.Text = offer.FormattedDate;

如果您的类是实体,则需要声明该类的新部分并添加该字段。

希望这有助于某人。

答案 4 :(得分:0)

vb 中(对于 c#语法也有所更改):

Imports System.Data.Entity
... 
query.Select(Function(x) New MyObject With {
    ...
    .DateString = DbFunctions.Right("00" & x.DateField.Day, 2) & "/" & DbFunctions.Right("00" & x.DateField.Month, 2) & "/" & x.DateField.Year
    ...
}).ToList()

注意: ToList(),ToEnumerable()并非如此,因为它执行查询,用户希望使用linq到sql。

答案 5 :(得分:-1)

我最终使用了sql函数FORMAT;这是此实现的简化版本:

https://weblogs.asp.net/ricardoperes/registering-sql-server-built-in-functions-to-entity-framework-code-first

首先,您需要在EF中定义函数:

public class FormatFunctionConvention : IStoreModelConvention<EdmModel>
{
    public void Apply(EdmModel item, DbModel model)
    {
        var payload = new EdmFunctionPayload
        {
            StoreFunctionName = "FORMAT",
            Parameters = new[] {
                FunctionParameter.Create("value", PrimitiveType.GetEdmPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeKind.DateTime), ParameterMode.In),
                FunctionParameter.Create("format", PrimitiveType.GetEdmPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeKind.String), ParameterMode.In)
            },
            ReturnParameters = new[] {
                FunctionParameter.Create("result", PrimitiveType.GetEdmPrimitiveType(PrimitiveTypeKind.String), ParameterMode.ReturnValue)
            },
            Schema = "dbo",
            IsBuiltIn = true
        };

        item.AddItem(EdmFunction.Create("FORMAT", "CodeFirstDatabaseSchema", item.DataSpace, payload, null));
    }
}

然后将其定义为C#方法:

public static class SqlFunctions
{
    [DbFunction("CodeFirstDatabaseSchema", "FORMAT")]
    public static String Format(this DateTime value, string format)
    {
        return value.ToString(format);
    }

    [DbFunction("CodeFirstDatabaseSchema", "FORMAT")]
    public static String Format(this DateTime? value, string format)
    {
        return value?.ToString(format);
    }
}

在您的DbContext中注册:

public class SqlDb : DbContext
{
    protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
        modelBuilder.Conventions.Add(new FormatFunctionConvention());
    }
}

最后,您可以这样称呼它:

var x = db.MyItems.Select(i => new { FormattedDate = SqlFunctions.Format(i.MyDate, "MM/dd/yyyy") }).ToArray();