在VB.Net中进行简单的加密/解密

时间：2011-11-02 15:28:01

标签： vb.net encryption rijndaelmanaged cryptostream

我正在试图弄清楚如何在VB.Net中加密/解密字符串。

我按照here给出的示例编写了以下代码（如下）。有一个文本框，一个“加密”按钮和一个“解密”按钮。想法是在文本框中键入内容（“喜欢'hello world'”），单击“加密”，然后在文本框中看到加密版本。单击“解密”应该会将您带回原始字符串。

但是当我尝试加密时，当我尝试“FlushFinalBlock”时出现错误。错误是：“要加密的数据长度无效”。

“解密”部分是黑暗中的总镜头，因为上面引用的示例仅涉及加密，而不是解密。我确定这是错的，但由于我无法“加密”工作，我还没有测试过。

有谁能告诉我为什么这不起作用？

Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography

Public Class Form1

  Private cryptObj As RijndaelManaged
  Private KEY_128 As Byte() = {42, 1, 52, 67, 231, 13, 94, 101, 123, 6, 0, 12, 32, 91, 4, 111, 31, 70, 21, 141, 123, 142, 234, 82, 95, 129, 187, 162, 12, 55, 98, 23}
  Private IV_128 As Byte() = {234, 12, 52, 44, 214, 222, 200, 109, 2, 98, 45, 76, 88, 53, 23, 78}
  Private enc As System.Text.UTF8Encoding = New System.Text.UTF8Encoding()

  Private Sub btnEncrypt_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnEncrypt.Click
    Dim sPlainText As String = Me.TextBox1.Text
    If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(sPlainText) Then
      Dim bPlainText As Byte() = Me.enc.GetBytes(Me.TextBox1.Text)
      Dim ms As MemoryStream = New MemoryStream()
      Dim cs As CryptoStream = New CryptoStream(ms, cryptObj.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write)
      cs.Write(bPlainText, 0, sPlainText.Length)
      cs.FlushFinalBlock()
      Me.TextBox1.Text = Me.enc.GetString(ms.ToArray())
    End If
  End Sub

  Private Sub btnDecrypt_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnDecrypt.Click
    Dim sCipherText = Me.TextBox1.Text
    Dim ms As MemoryStream = New MemoryStream()
    Dim cs As CryptoStream = New CryptoStream(ms, cryptObj.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read)
    cs.Read(Me.enc.GetBytes(sCipherText), 0, sCipherText.Length)
    Me.TextBox1.Text = Me.enc.GetString(ms.ToArray())
  End Sub

  Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
    Me.cryptObj = New RijndaelManaged()
    Me.cryptObj.BlockSize = 128
    Me.cryptObj.KeySize = 128
    Me.cryptObj.Mode = CipherMode.ECB
    Me.cryptObj.Padding = PaddingMode.None
    Me.cryptObj.Key = KEY_128
    Me.cryptObj.IV = IV_128
  End Sub

End Class

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：9)

最终我找到了答案：

http://www.obviex.com/samples/Encryption.aspx

他的榜样似乎有点过于复杂。我敢肯定它代表了一个更通用和灵活的情况，但我能够取消“saltPhrase”，“initVector”和“PasswordDeriveBytes”的使用，显然已被弃用了，但我也避免了它被命名的替代品：Rfc2898DeriveBytes。

以下内容允许您输入任意长度的字符串，对其进行加密并重新解密。

Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Cryptography

Public Class Form1

  Private enc As System.Text.UTF8Encoding
  Private encryptor As ICryptoTransform
  Private decryptor As ICryptoTransform

  Private Sub btnEncrypt_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnEncrypt.Click
    Dim sPlainText As String = Me.TextBox1.Text
    If Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(sPlainText) Then
      Dim memoryStream As MemoryStream = New MemoryStream()
      Dim cryptoStream As CryptoStream = New CryptoStream(memoryStream, Me.encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write)
      cryptoStream.Write(Me.enc.GetBytes(sPlainText), 0, sPlainText.Length)
      cryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()
      Me.TextBox1.Text = Convert.ToBase64String(memoryStream.ToArray())
      memoryStream.Close()
      cryptoStream.Close()
    End If
  End Sub

  Private Sub btnDecrypt_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnDecrypt.Click
    Dim cypherTextBytes As Byte() = Convert.FromBase64String(Me.TextBox1.Text)
    Dim memoryStream As MemoryStream = New MemoryStream(cypherTextBytes)
    Dim cryptoStream As CryptoStream = New CryptoStream(memoryStream, Me.decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read)
    Dim plainTextBytes(cypherTextBytes.Length) As Byte
    Dim decryptedByteCount As Integer = cryptoStream.Read(plainTextBytes, 0, plainTextBytes.Length)
    memoryStream.Close()
    cryptoStream.Close()
    Me.TextBox1.Text = Me.enc.GetString(plainTextBytes, 0, decryptedByteCount)
  End Sub

  Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
    Dim KEY_128 As Byte() = {42, 1, 52, 67, 231, 13, 94, 101, 123, 6, 0, 12, 32, 91, 4, 111, 31, 70, 21, 141, 123, 142, 234, 82, 95, 129, 187, 162, 12, 55, 98, 23}
    Dim IV_128 As Byte() = {234, 12, 52, 44, 214, 222, 200, 109, 2, 98, 45, 76, 88, 53, 23, 78}
    Dim symmetricKey As RijndaelManaged = New RijndaelManaged()
    symmetricKey.Mode = CipherMode.CBC

    Me.enc = New System.Text.UTF8Encoding
    Me.encryptor = symmetricKey.CreateEncryptor(KEY_128, IV_128)
    Me.decryptor = symmetricKey.CreateDecryptor(KEY_128, IV_128)
  End Sub

End Class

答案 1 :(得分：2)

我发现的问题出在加密代码的这一行：

  

Me.TextBox1.Text = Me.enc.GetString（ms.ToArray（））

问题在于，假设你的字节数组已经是一个UTF-8字符串，只是被划分为一个字节数组，实际上它应该是随机字节，可能包含不可打印的字符。它不是有效的utf-8数据。您要做的是使用Convert.ToBase64String()函数对base-64编码该字节数组。

然后，您的解密需要使用Convert.FromBase64String()方法将该base 64字符串正确地转换回字节数组。

答案 2 :(得分：2)

这是基于我的NextLevelEncryption库的Encryption类的示例。

Public Class Encryption
''' <summary>
''' Encrypt text using AES Algorithm
''' </summary>
''' <param name="text">Text to encrypt</param>
''' <param name="password">Password with which to encrypt</param>
''' <returns>Returns encrypted text</returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Shared Function Encrypt(text As String, password As String) As String
    Dim AES As New System.Security.Cryptography.RijndaelManaged
    Dim Hash_AES As New System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider
    Dim encrypted As String = ""
    Dim hash(31) As Byte
        Dim temp As Byte() = Hash_AES.ComputeHash(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(password))
        Array.Copy(temp, 0, hash, 0, 16)
        Array.Copy(temp, 0, hash, 15, 16)
        AES.Key = hash
        AES.Mode = Security.Cryptography.CipherMode.ECB
        Dim DESEncrypter As System.Security.Cryptography.ICryptoTransform = AES.CreateEncryptor
        Dim Buffer As Byte() = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(text)
        encrypted = Convert.ToBase64String(DESEncrypter.TransformFinalBlock(Buffer, 0, Buffer.Length))
        Return encrypted
End Function

''' <summary>
''' Decrypt text using AES Algorithm
''' </summary>
''' <param name="text">Text to decrypt</param>
''' <param name="password">Password with which to decrypt</param>
''' <returns>Returns decrypted text</returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Shared Function Decrypt(text As String, password As String) As String
    Dim AES As New System.Security.Cryptography.RijndaelManaged
    Dim Hash_AES As New System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider
    Dim decrypted As String = ""
    Dim hash(31) As Byte
        Dim temp As Byte() = Hash_AES.ComputeHash(System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(password))
        Array.Copy(temp, 0, hash, 0, 16)
        Array.Copy(temp, 0, hash, 15, 16)
        AES.Key = hash
        AES.Mode = Security.Cryptography.CipherMode.ECB
        Dim DESDecrypter As System.Security.Cryptography.ICryptoTransform = AES.CreateDecryptor
        Dim Buffer As Byte() = Convert.FromBase64String(text)
        decrypted = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(DESDecrypter.TransformFinalBlock(Buffer, 0, Buffer.Length))
    Return decrypted
End Function
End Class

要使用它，您只需调用函数Encrypt("Your text to encrypt here","Your password")和Decrypt(""Your text to encrypt here","Your password")。

有关更多信息，请转到https://nextlevelencryption.codeplex.com/

答案 3 :(得分：1)

您的加密看起来大致正确，但我不确定加密对象上的UTF8编码或其他设置是否会让您失望。以下是我们使用的加密方法的核心，为您的代码量身定制：

' Return the encrypted bytes from the memory stream.
Dim aoBytes As Byte() = Nothing

' Declare the RijndaelManaged object used to encrypt the data.
Using oEncryptor As New RijndaelManaged
    Try
        ' Initialize the encryptor with the specified key and initialization vector
        oEncryptor.Key = KEY_128
        oEncryptor.IV = IV_128

        ' Declare the streams used to encrypt to an in memory array of bytes.
        Using msEncrypt As New MemoryStream
            ' Create the streams used for encryption.
            Using csEncrypt As New CryptoStream(msEncrypt, oEncryptor.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write)
                Using swEncrypt As New StreamWriter(csEncrypt)
                    ' Write all data to the stream.
                    swEncrypt.Write(Me.TextBox1.Text)
                End Using

                ' Retrieve the bytes
                aoBytes = msEncrypt.ToArray()
            End Using

        End Using
    Finally
        ' Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
        If oEncryptor IsNot Nothing Then
            oEncryptor.Clear()
        End If
    End Try
End Using

If aoBytes IsNot Nothing Then
    Me.TextBox1.Text = System.Convert.ToBase64String(aoBytes)
Else
    Me.TextBox1.Text = String.Empty
End If

解密是：

Dim sDecryptedValue As String = ""

' Declare the RijndaelManaged object used to encrypt the data.
Using oDecryptor As New RijndaelManaged
    Try
        ' Initialize the encryptor with the specified key and a default initialization vector
        oDecryptor.Key = KEY_128
        oDecryptor.IV = IV_128

        Using msDecrypt As New MemoryStream(System.Convert.FromBase64String(Me.TextBox1.Text))
            ' Create the streams used for encryption.
            Using csDecrypt As New CryptoStream(msDecrypt, oDecryptor.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read)
                Using srDecrypt As New StreamReader(csDecrypt)
                    ' Write all data to the stream.
                    sDecryptedValue = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd()
                End Using
            End Using
        End Using
    Finally
        ' Clear the RijndaelManaged object.
        If oDecryptor IsNot Nothing Then
            oDecryptor.Clear()
        End If
    End Try
End Using

Me.TextBox1.Text = sDecryptedValue

一个小的区别是我们接受来自调用者的字符串键和intializaton向量并按如下方式清理它们。

InitializationVector清理：

If sInitializationVector.Length > 16 Then
    ' Trim the IV if it is too long
    sInitializationVector = sInitializationVector.Substring(0, 16)
ElseIf sInitializationVector.Length < 16 Then
    ' Pad the IV if it is too short
    sInitializationVector = sInitializationVector.PadRight(16)
End If

oDecryptor.IV = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1").GetBytes(sInitializationVector)

加密密钥清理：

oDecryptor.Key = GetLegalEncryptionKey(sKey, oDecryptor)

Public Function GetLegalEncryptionKey(ByVal sKey As String, ByVal oEncryptor As RijndaelManaged) As Byte()

Dim sTemp As String

If oEncryptor.LegalKeySizes.Length > 0 Then
    Dim wSize As Integer
    ' key sizes are in bits

    With oEncryptor.LegalKeySizes(0)
        wSize = .MinSize
        Do While sKey.Length * 8 > wSize AndAlso .SkipSize > 0 AndAlso wSize < .MaxSize
            wSize += oEncryptor.LegalKeySizes(0).SkipSize
        Loop
    End With
    Dim wTotalChars As Integer

    wTotalChars = CInt(wSize / 8)
    If sKey.Length > wTotalChars Then
        sTemp = sKey.Substring(0, wTotalChars)
    Else
        sTemp = sKey.PadRight(wTotalChars, " "c)
    End If
Else
    sTemp = sKey
End If

' convert the secret key to byte array
Return System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("ISO-8859-1").GetBytes(sTemp)

结束功能

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