Google建议我们使用DialogFragment而不是简单Dialog使用Fragments API，但使用隔离的DialogFragment进行简单的是 - 否确认是荒谬的消息框。在这种情况下，最佳做法是什么？
答案 0 :(得分：75)
是的，使用DialogFragment，在onCreateDialog中，您只需使用AlertDialog构建器即可创建一个带有是/否确认按钮的简单AlertDialog。根本不是很多代码。
关于处理片段中的事件，会有各种方法来执行此操作，但我只是在Handler中定义了一条消息Fragment，并通过其构造函数将其传递给DialogFragment然后将消息传递回我的片段处理程序，以适应各种点击事件。再次采用各种方式，但以下方法对我有用。
在对话框中保存一条消息并在构造函数中实例化它：
private Message okMessage;
...
okMessage = handler.obtainMessage(MY_MSG_WHAT, MY_MSG_OK);
在对话框中实现onClickListener，然后根据需要调用处理程序：
public void onClick(.....
if (which == DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE) {
final Message toSend = Message.obtain(okMessage);
toSend.sendToTarget();
}
}
修改
由于Message是可以包含的，您可以将其保存在onSaveInstanceState中并将其恢复
outState.putParcelable("okMessage", okMessage);
然后在onCreate
if (savedInstanceState != null) {
okMessage = savedInstanceState.getParcelable("okMessage");
}
答案 1 :(得分：62)
您可以创建一般的DialogFragment子类，如YesNoDialog和OkDialog，如果您在应用中使用了很多对话框，则可以传入标题和消息。
public class YesNoDialog extends DialogFragment
{
public static final String ARG_TITLE = "YesNoDialog.Title";
public static final String ARG_MESSAGE = "YesNoDialog.Message";
public YesNoDialog()
{
}
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
Bundle args = getArguments();
String title = args.getString(ARG_TITLE);
String message = args.getString(ARG_MESSAGE);
return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())
.setTitle(title)
.setMessage(message)
.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which)
{
getTargetFragment().onActivityResult(getTargetRequestCode(), Activity.RESULT_OK, null);
}
})
.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.no, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which)
{
getTargetFragment().onActivityResult(getTargetRequestCode(), Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null);
}
})
.create();
}
}
然后使用以下方法调用它：
DialogFragment dialog = new YesNoDialog();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString(YesNoDialog.ARG_TITLE, title);
args.putString(YesNoDialog.ARG_MESSAGE, message);
dialog.setArguments(args);
dialog.setTargetFragment(this, YES_NO_CALL);
dialog.show(getFragmentManager(), "tag");
并在onActivityResult处理结果。
答案 2 :(得分：28)
自引入API 13级：
来自Activity的showDialog方法已弃用。 不建议在代码中的其他位置调用对话框，因为您必须自己管理对话框（例如，方向更改）。
差异DialogFragment - AlertDialog
他们有这么大的不同吗？来自关于DialogFragment的Android参考：
DialogFragment是一个片段，它显示一个浮动在其顶部的对话框窗口 活动的窗口。这个片段包含一个Dialog对象 根据片段的状态适当显示。控制 应该完成对话框（决定何时展示，隐藏，解除它） 通过API here，而不是直接调用对话框。
其他说明
答案 3 :(得分：26)
我建议使用DialogFragment。
当然，使用它创建“是/否”对话框非常复杂，因为它应该是相当简单的任务，但是使用Dialog创建类似的对话框也非常复杂。
（活动生命周期使其变得复杂 - 您必须让Activity管理对话框的生命周期 - 如果使用API级别，则无法将自定义参数（例如自定义消息）传递给Activity.showDialog 8）
好消息是，您通常可以轻松地在DialogFragment之上构建自己的抽象。
答案 4 :(得分：6)
在我的项目中，我已经使用AlertDialog.Builder已经很多，然后才发现它有问题。但是，我不想在我的应用程序中的任何地方更改那么多代码。另外，我实际上喜欢将OnClickListeners作为匿名类传递到需要它们的地方（即使用setPositiveButton()，setNegativeButton()等时），而不是必须实现数千个回调方法在对话框片段和持有者片段之间进行通信，在我看来，这可能导致非常混乱和复杂的代码。特别是，如果在一个片段中有多个不同的对话框，然后需要在回调实现中区分当前正在显示的对话框。
因此，我结合了不同的方法来创建一个通用的AlertDialogFragment辅助类，它可以像一样使用 AlertDialog：
<强>解
（请注意我在我的代码中使用Java 8 lambda表达式，因此如果您还没有使用lambda expressions，则可能需要更改部分代码。）
/**
* Helper class for dialog fragments to show a {@link AlertDialog}. It can be used almost exactly
* like a {@link AlertDialog.Builder}
* <p />
* Creation Date: 22.03.16
*
* @author felix, http://flx-apps.com/
*/
public class AlertDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
protected FragmentActivity activity;
protected Bundle args;
protected String tag = AlertDialogFragment.class.getSimpleName();
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
activity = getActivity();
args = getArguments();
}
@NonNull
@Override
public Dialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Dialog dialog = setDialogDefaults(new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())).create();
if (args.containsKey("gravity")) {
dialog.getWindow().getAttributes().gravity = args.getInt("gravity");
}
dialog.setOnShowListener(d -> {
if (dialog != null && dialog.findViewById((android.R.id.message)) != null) {
((TextView) dialog.findViewById(android.R.id.message)).setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance());
}
});
return dialog;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
super.onDismiss(dialog);
if (args.containsKey("onDismissListener")) {
Parcelable onDismissListener = args.getParcelable("onDismissListener");
if (onDismissListener != null && onDismissListener instanceof ParcelableOnDismissListener) {
((ParcelableOnDismissListener) onDismissListener).onDismiss(this);
}
}
}
/**
* Sets default dialog properties by arguments which were set using {@link #builder(FragmentActivity)}
*/
protected AlertDialog.Builder setDialogDefaults(AlertDialog.Builder builder) {
args = getArguments();
activity = getActivity();
if (args.containsKey("title")) {
builder.setTitle(args.getCharSequence("title"));
}
if (args.containsKey("message")) {
CharSequence message = args.getCharSequence("message");
builder.setMessage(message);
}
if (args.containsKey("viewId")) {
builder.setView(getActivity().getLayoutInflater().inflate(args.getInt("viewId"), null));
}
if (args.containsKey("positiveButtonText")) {
builder.setPositiveButton(args.getCharSequence("positiveButtonText"), (dialog, which) -> {
onButtonClicked("positiveButtonListener", which);
});
}
if (args.containsKey("negativeButtonText")) {
builder.setNegativeButton(args.getCharSequence("negativeButtonText"), (dialog, which) -> {
onButtonClicked("negativeButtonListener", which);
});
}
if (args.containsKey("neutralButtonText")) {
builder.setNeutralButton(args.getCharSequence("neutralButtonText"), (dialog, which) -> {
onButtonClicked("neutralButtonListener", which);
});
}
if (args.containsKey("items")) {
builder.setItems(args.getStringArray("items"), (dialog, which) -> {
onButtonClicked("itemClickListener", which);
});
}
// @formatter:off
// FIXME this a pretty hacky workaround: we don't want to show the dialog if onClickListener of one of the dialog's button click listener were lost
// the problem is, that there is no (known) solution for parceling a OnClickListener in the long term (only for state changes like orientation change,
// but not if the Activity was completely lost)
if (
(args.getParcelable("positiveButtonListener") != null && !(args.getParcelable("positiveButtonListener") instanceof ParcelableOnClickListener)) ||
(args.getParcelable("negativeButtonListener") != null && !(args.getParcelable("negativeButtonListener") instanceof ParcelableOnClickListener)) ||
(args.getParcelable("neutralButtonListener") != null && !(args.getParcelable("neutralButtonListener") instanceof ParcelableOnClickListener)) ||
(args.getParcelable("itemClickListener") != null && !(args.getParcelable("itemClickListener") instanceof ParcelableOnClickListener))
) {
new DebugMessage("Forgot onClickListener. Needs to be dismissed.")
.logLevel(DebugMessage.LogLevel.VERBOSE)
.show();
try {
dismissAllowingStateLoss();
} catch (NullPointerException | IllegalStateException ignored) {}
}
// @formatter:on
return builder;
}
public interface OnDismissListener {
void onDismiss(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment);
}
public interface OnClickListener {
void onClick(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment, int which);
}
protected void onButtonClicked(String buttonKey, int which) {
ParcelableOnClickListener parcelableOnClickListener = getArguments().getParcelable(buttonKey);
if (parcelableOnClickListener != null) {
parcelableOnClickListener.onClick(this, which);
}
}
// region Convenience Builder Pattern class almost similar to AlertDialog.Builder
// =============================================================================================
public AlertDialogFragment builder(FragmentActivity activity) {
this.activity = activity;
this.args = new Bundle();
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment addArguments(Bundle bundle) {
args.putAll(bundle);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setTitle(int titleStringId) {
return setTitle(activity.getString(titleStringId));
}
public AlertDialogFragment setTitle(CharSequence title) {
args.putCharSequence("title", title);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setMessage(int messageStringId) {
return setMessage(activity.getString(messageStringId));
}
public AlertDialogFragment setMessage(CharSequence message) {
args.putCharSequence("message", message);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setPositiveButton(int textStringId, OnClickListener onClickListener) {
return setPositiveButton(activity.getString(textStringId), onClickListener);
}
public AlertDialogFragment setPositiveButton(CharSequence text, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
args.putCharSequence("positiveButtonText", text);
args.putParcelable("positiveButtonListener", createParcelableOnClickListener(onClickListener));
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setNegativeButton(int textStringId, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
return setNegativeButton(activity.getString(textStringId), onClickListener);
}
public AlertDialogFragment setNegativeButton(CharSequence text, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
args.putCharSequence("negativeButtonText", text);
args.putParcelable("negativeButtonListener", createParcelableOnClickListener(onClickListener));
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setNeutralButton(int textStringId, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
return setNeutralButton(activity.getString(textStringId), onClickListener);
}
public AlertDialogFragment setNeutralButton(CharSequence text, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
args.putCharSequence("neutralButtonText", text);
args.putParcelable("neutralButtonListener", createParcelableOnClickListener(onClickListener));
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setOnDismissListener(OnDismissListener onDismissListener) {
if (onDismissListener == null) {
return this;
}
Parcelable p = new ParcelableOnDismissListener() {
@Override
public void onDismiss(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment) {
onDismissListener.onDismiss(dialogFragment);
}
};
args.putParcelable("onDismissListener", p);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setItems(String[] items, AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
args.putStringArray("items", items);
args.putParcelable("itemClickListener", createParcelableOnClickListener(onClickListener));
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setView(int viewId) {
args.putInt("viewId", viewId);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setGravity(int gravity) {
args.putInt("gravity", gravity);
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment setTag(String tag) {
this.tag = tag;
return this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment create() {
setArguments(args);
return AlertDialogFragment.this;
}
public AlertDialogFragment show() {
create();
try {
super.show(activity.getSupportFragmentManager(), tag);
}
catch (IllegalStateException e1) {
/**
* this whole part is used in order to attempt to show the dialog if an
* {@link IllegalStateException} was thrown (it's kinda comparable to
* {@link FragmentTransaction#commitAllowingStateLoss()}
* So you can remove all those dirty hacks if you are sure that you are always
* properly showing dialogs in the right moments
*/
new DebugMessage("got IllegalStateException attempting to show dialog. trying to hack around.")
.logLevel(DebugMessage.LogLevel.WARN)
.exception(e1)
.show();
try {
Field mShownByMe = DialogFragment.class.getDeclaredField("mShownByMe");
mShownByMe.setAccessible(true);
mShownByMe.set(this, true);
Field mDismissed = DialogFragment.class.getDeclaredField("mDismissed");
mDismissed.setAccessible(true);
mDismissed.set(this, false);
}
catch (Exception e2) {
new DebugMessage("error while showing dialog")
.exception(e2)
.logLevel(DebugMessage.LogLevel.ERROR)
.show();
}
FragmentTransaction transaction = activity.getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
transaction.add(this, tag);
transaction.commitAllowingStateLoss(); // FIXME hacky and unpredictable workaround
}
return AlertDialogFragment.this;
}
@Override
public int show(FragmentTransaction transaction, String tag) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError("Please use AlertDialogFragment.show()!");
}
@Override
public void show(FragmentManager manager, String tag) {
throw new NoSuchMethodError("Please use AlertDialogFragment.show()!");
}
protected ParcelableOnClickListener createParcelableOnClickListener(AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener onClickListener) {
if (onClickListener == null) {
return null;
}
return new ParcelableOnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment, int which) {
onClickListener.onClick(dialogFragment, which);
}
};
}
/**
* Parcelable OnClickListener (can be remembered on screen rotation)
*/
public abstract static class ParcelableOnClickListener extends ResultReceiver implements AlertDialogFragment.OnClickListener {
public static final Creator<ResultReceiver> CREATOR = ResultReceiver.CREATOR;
ParcelableOnClickListener() {
super(null);
}
@Override
public abstract void onClick(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment, int which);
}
/**
* Parcelable OnDismissListener (can be remembered on screen rotation)
*/
public abstract static class ParcelableOnDismissListener extends ResultReceiver implements AlertDialogFragment.OnDismissListener {
public static final Creator<ResultReceiver> CREATOR = ResultReceiver.CREATOR;
ParcelableOnDismissListener() {
super(null);
}
@Override
public abstract void onDismiss(AlertDialogFragment dialogFragment);
}
// =============================================================================================
// endregion
}
<强> USAGE
// showing a normal alert dialog with state loss on configuration changes (like device rotation)
new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())
.setTitle("Are you sure? (1)")
.setMessage("Do you really want to do this?")
.setPositiveButton("Yes", (dialog, which) -> Toast.makeText(getContext(), "Yes clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show())
.setNegativeButton("Cancel", null)
.show();
// showing a dialog fragment using the helper class with no state loss on configuration changes
new AlertDialogFragment.builder(getActivity())
.setTitle("Are you sure? (2)")
.setMessage("Do you really want to do this?")
.setPositiveButton("Yes", (dialog, which) -> Toast.makeText(getContext(), "Yes clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show())
.setNegativeButton("Cancel", null)
.show();
我在这里发布这个不仅是为了分享我的解决方案，还因为我想问你们的意见：这种方法在某种程度上是合法的还是有问题的？
答案 5 :(得分：3)
我可以建议对@ ashishduh的回答进行一点简化：
public class AlertDialogFragment extends DialogFragment {
public static final String ARG_TITLE = "AlertDialog.Title";
public static final String ARG_MESSAGE = "AlertDialog.Message";
public static void showAlert(String title, String message, Fragment targetFragment) {
DialogFragment dialog = new AlertDialogFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString(ARG_TITLE, title);
args.putString(ARG_MESSAGE, message);
dialog.setArguments(args);
dialog.setTargetFragment(targetFragment, 0);
dialog.show(targetFragment.getFragmentManager(), "tag");
}
public AlertDialogFragment() {}
@NonNull
@Override
public AlertDialog onCreateDialog(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
Bundle args = getArguments();
String title = args.getString(ARG_TITLE, "");
String message = args.getString(ARG_MESSAGE, "");
return new AlertDialog.Builder(getActivity())
.setTitle(title)
.setMessage(message)
.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.ok, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener()
{
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which)
{
getTargetFragment().onActivityResult(getTargetRequestCode(), Activity.RESULT_OK, null);
}
})
.create();
}
它消除了（类的）用户熟悉组件内部的需要，并且使用非常简单：
AlertDialogFragment.showAlert(title, message, this);
P.S。在我的情况下，我需要一个简单的警报对话框，以便我创建。您可以将方法应用于是/否或您需要的任何其他类型。
答案 6 :(得分：0)
使用对话框进行简单的是或否对话框。
当您需要更复杂的视图来掌握生命周期时，例如oncreate，请求权限，任何生命周期覆盖都将使用对话框片段。这样，您就可以将权限和对话框需要运行的其他任何代码分开，而不必与调用活动进行通信。
答案 7 :(得分：0)
DialogFragment具有对话框和Fragment的功能。基本上，所有生命周期事件都可以通过DialogFragment自动很好地进行管理，例如屏幕配置的更改等。
答案 8 :(得分：0)
DialogFragment基本上是可以用作对话框的片段。
由于以下原因，在对话框上使用DialogFragment：
- 在更改配置并保存并还原流后自动重新创建DialogFragment
- DialogFragment继承了Fragment的整个生命周期
- 不再有IllegalStateExceptions和泄漏的窗口崩溃。当使用“警报”对话框销毁活动时，这很常见 还在那儿。