在一个查询中插入并选择默认值

时间:2011-11-02 00:16:58

标签: oracle

我使用以下查询插入新行:

insert into table1 (c1, c2, c3) (select c1, c2, c3 from table2 where some_condition)

如果table2中有一行满足some_condition,则可以正常工作。但如果没有行,则不会插入任何内容。

如果select返回空结果集,有没有办法指定要插入的默认值?我想在一个SQL查询中执行此操作。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这不是很漂亮,但它可以做你想要的,你需要测试你的环境,看它是否表现得足够好

SQL> drop table so_tgt;

Table dropped.

SQL> 
SQL> create table so_src (
  2   c1 varchar2(6)
  3  ,c2 varchar2(6)
  4  ,c3 varchar2(6)
  5  );

Table created.

SQL> 
SQL> insert into so_src values ( 'foo','bar','moo' );

1 row created.

SQL> 
SQL> create table so_tgt as select * from so_src where 1 = 0;

Table created.

SQL> 
SQL> /* Test for existing row insert */
SQL> insert into so_tgt
  2  with x as ( select s.*, 1 as r
  3          from so_src s
  4          where c1='foo'
  5          union
  6          select 'x','y','z',0 as r /* DEFAULT VALUES */
  7          from dual )
  8  select c1,c2,c3
  9  from x
 10  where r = ( select max(r) from x ) ;

1 row created.

SQL> 
SQL> select * from so_tgt;

C1     C2     C3
------ ------ ------
foo    bar    moo

SQL> truncate table so_tgt;

Table truncated.

SQL> 
SQL> /* Test for default row insert */
SQL> insert into so_tgt
  2  with x as ( select s.*, 1 as r
  3          from so_src s
  4          where c1='far'
  5          union
  6          select 'x','y','z',0 as r /* DEFAULT VALUES */
  7          from dual )
  8  select c1,c2,c3
  9  from x
 10  where r = ( select max(r) from x ) ;

1 row created.

SQL> 
SQL> select * from so_tgt;

C1     C2     C3
------ ------ ------
x      y      z

SQL> truncate table so_tgt ;

Table truncated.

答案 1 :(得分:1)

快速而肮脏的方式,如果您不介意重复some_condition并且some_condition不依赖于表2中的值,那么:

insert into table1 (c1,c2,c3)
select c1, c2, c3 from table2 where some_condition
union select defaultvalue1, defaultvalue2, defaultvalue3 from dual where not (some_condition)

如果some_condition 依赖于table2中的值,那么您可以(未经测试):

   insert into table1 (c1,c2,c3)
   select nvl(t2.c1, defaultvalue1), nvl(t2.c2, defaultvalue2), nvl(t2.c2, defaultvalue3)
   from dual left join (select c1,c2,c3 from table2 where some_condition) t2
   on 1 = 1

如果我是对的,这个查询将始终返回至少一行,但如果右侧没有显示任何行,那么t2值将全部返回为null,因此nvl可以是用于提供您的默认值。

修改:小警告。这假设从table2返回的值不为null,如果是,则需要默认值。