这是学生报告卡项目， 当我将此代码从borland C转移到开发C ++时，我遇到了一些问题。 现在，当我尝试在开发C ++中编译程序时，它会给出错误消息，即未定义gotoxy（）。 那么我需要包含哪个头文件才能使用gotoxy（）函数？
//***************************************************************
// HEADER FILE USED IN PROJECT
//****************************************************************
#include<iostream>
#include<graphics>
#include<fstream>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
//***************************************************************
// CLASS USED IN PROJECT
//****************************************************************
class student
{
int rollno;
char name[50];
int p_marks,c_marks,m_marks,e_marks,cs_marks;
float per;
char grade;
int std;
void calculate()
{
per=(p_marks+c_marks+m_marks+e_marks+cs_marks)/5.0;
if(per>=60)
grade='A';
else if(per>=50 && per<60)
grade='B';
else if(per>=33 && per<50)
grade='C';
else
grade='F';
}
public:
void getdata()
{
cout<<"\nEnter The roll number of student ";
cin>>rollno;
cout<<"\n\nEnter The Name of student ";
gets(name);
cout<<"\nEnter The marks in physics out of 100 : ";
cin>>p_marks;
cout<<"\nEnter The marks in chemistry out of 100 : ";
cin>>c_marks;
cout<<"\nEnter The marks in maths out of 100 : ";
cin>>m_marks;
cout<<"\nEnter The marks in english out of 100 : ";
cin>>e_marks;
cout<<"\nEnter The marks in computer science out of 100 : ";
cin>>cs_marks;
calculate();
}
void showdata()
{
cout<<"\nRoll number of student : "<<rollno;
cout<<"\nName of student : "<<name;
cout<<"\nMarks in Physics : "<<p_marks;
cout<<"\nMarks in Chemistry : "<<c_marks;
cout<<"\nMarks in Maths : "<<m_marks;
cout<<"\nMarks in English : "<<e_marks;
cout<<"\nMarks in Computer Science :"<<cs_marks;
cout<<"\nPercentage of student is :"<<setprecision(2)<<per;
cout<<"\nGrade of student is :"<<grade;
}
void show_tabular()
{
cout<<rollno<<setw(12)<<name<<setw(10)<<p_marks<<setw(3)<<c_marks<<setw(3)<<m_marks<<setw(3)<<e_marks<<setw(3)<<cs_marks<<setw(6)<<setprecision(3)<<per<<" "<<grade<<endl;
}
int retrollno()
{return rollno;}
}; //class ends here
//***************************************************************
// global declaration for stream object, object
//****************************************************************
fstream fp;
student st;
//***************************************************************
// function to write in file
//****************************************************************
void write_student()
{
fp.open("student.dat",ios::out|ios::app);
st.getdata();
fp.write((char*)&st,sizeof(student));
fp.close();
cout<<"\n\nstudent record Has Been Created ";
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to read all records from file
//****************************************************************
void display_all()
{
cout<<"\n\n\n\t\tDISPLAY ALL RECORD !!!\n\n";
fp.open("student.dat",ios::in);
while(fp.read((char*)&st,sizeof(student)))
{
st.showdata();
cout<<"\n\n====================================\n";
system("pause");
}
fp.close();
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to read specific record from file
//****************************************************************
void display_sp(int n)
{
int flag=0;
fp.open("student.dat",ios::in);
while(fp.read((char*)&st,sizeof(student)))
{
if(st.retrollno()==n)
{
st.showdata();
flag=1;
}
}
fp.close();
if(flag==0)
cout<<"\n\nrecord not exist";
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to modify record of file
//****************************************************************
void modify_student()
{
int no,found=0;
cout<<"\n\n\tTo Modify ";
cout<<"\n\n\tPlease Enter The roll number of student";
cin>>no;
fp.open("student.dat",ios::in|ios::out);
while(fp.read((char*)&st,sizeof(student)) && found==0)
{
if(st.retrollno()==no)
{
st.showdata();
cout<<"\nPlease Enter The New Details of student"<<endl;
st.getdata();
int pos=-1*sizeof(st);
fp.seekp(pos,ios::cur);
fp.write((char*)&st,sizeof(student));
cout<<"\n\n\t Record Updated";
found=1;
}
}
fp.close();
if(found==0)
cout<<"\n\n Record Not Found ";
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to delete record of file
//****************************************************************
void delete_student()
{
int no;
cout<<"\n\n\n\tDelete Record";
cout<<"\n\nPlease Enter The roll number of student You Want To Delete";
cin>>no;
fp.open("student.dat",ios::in|ios::out);
fstream fp2;
fp2.open("Temp.dat",ios::out);
fp.seekg(0,ios::beg);
while(fp.read((char*)&st,sizeof(student)))
{
if(st.retrollno()!=no)
{
fp2.write((char*)&st,sizeof(student));
}
}
fp2.close();
fp.close();
remove("student.dat");
rename("Temp.dat","student.dat");
cout<<"\n\n\tRecord Deleted ..";
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to display all students grade report
//****************************************************************
void class_result()
{
fp.open("student.dat",ios::in);
if(!fp)
{
cout<<"ERROR!!! FILE COULD NOT BE OPEN\n\n\n Go To Entry Menu to create File";
cout<<"\n\n\n Program is closing ....";
exit(0);
}
cout<<"\n\n\t\tALL STUDENTS RESULT \n\n";
cout<<"====================================================\n";
cout<<"Roll No. Name P C M E CS %age Grade\n";
cout<<"====================================================\n";
while(fp.read((char*)&st,sizeof(student)))
{
st.show_tabular();
}
fp.close();
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// function to display result menu
//****************************************************************
void result()
{
int ans,rno;
char ch;
cout<<"\n\n\nRESULT MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\n1. Class Result\n\n2. Student Report Card\n\n3.Back to Main Menu";
cout<<"\n\n\nEnter Choice (1/2)? ";
cin>>ans;
switch(ans)
{
case 1 : class_result();break;
case 2 : {
do{
char ans;
cout<<"\n\nEnter Roll Number Of Student : ";
cin>>rno;
display_sp(rno);
cout<<"\n\nDo you want to See More Result (y/n)?";
cin>>ans;
}while(ans=='y'||ans=='Y');
break;
}
case 3: break;
default: cout<<"\a";
}
}
//***************************************************************
// INTRODUCTION FUNCTION
//****************************************************************
void intro()
{
gotoxy(35,11);
cout<<"STUDENT";
gotoxy(33,14);
cout<<"REPORT CARD";
gotoxy(35,17);
cout<<"PROJECT";
cout<<"\n\nMADE BY : SULABH AGRAWAL";
cout<<"\n\nSCHOOL : CAMBRIDGE SCHOOL";
system("pause");
}
//***************************************************************
// ENTRY / EDIT MENU FUNCTION
//****************************************************************
void entry_menu()
{
char ch2;
cout<<"\n\n\n\tENTRY MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\t1.CREATE STUDENT RECORD";
cout<<"\n\n\t2.DISPLAY ALL STUDENTS RECORDS";
cout<<"\n\n\t3.SEARCH STUDENT RECORD ";
cout<<"\n\n\t4.MODIFY STUDENT RECORD";
cout<<"\n\n\t5.DELETE STUDENT RECORD";
cout<<"\n\n\t6.BACK TO MAIN MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\tPlease Enter Your Choice (1-6) ";
ch2=getche();
switch(ch2)
{
case '1': clrscr();
write_student();
break;
case '2': display_all();break;
case '3':
int num;
clrscr();
cout<<"\n\n\tPlease Enter The roll number ";
cin>>num;
display_sp(num);
break;
case '4': modify_student();break;
case '5': delete_student();break;
case '6': break;
default:cout<<"\a";entry_menu();
}
}
//***************************************************************
// THE MAIN FUNCTION OF PROGRAM
//****************************************************************
int main()
{
char ch;
intro();
do
{
clrscr();
cout<<"\n\n\n\tMAIN MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\t01. RESULT MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\t02. ENTRY/EDIT MENU";
cout<<"\n\n\t03. EXIT";
cout<<"\n\n\tPlease Select Your Option (1-3) ";
ch=getche();
switch(ch)
{
case '1': clrscr();
result();
break;
case '2': entry_menu();
break;
case '3':exit(0);
default :cout<<"\a";
}
}while(ch!='3');
return 0;
}
//***************************************************************
// END OF PROJECT
//***************************************************************
答案 0 :(得分：11)
您需要自己创建它。包括<windows.h>，然后：
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
static HANDLE h = NULL;
if(!h)
h = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
COORD c = { x, y };
SetConsoleCursorPosition(h,c);
}
我不应该这么说，但显然即使到目前为止，这在Windows之外也不可移植。
答案 1 :(得分：6)
conio.h但它不是标准的。您需要检查您的操作系统（控制台）是否可以处理它。
#include <conio.h>
答案 2 :(得分：5)
在您的代码中添加此标头和函数：
#include "windows.h"
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
COORD coord;
coord.X = x;
coord.Y = y;
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}
答案 3 :(得分：2)
<conio.h>是DOS Based Turbo C ++编译器的一部分。记住蓝屏编译器。
答案 4 :(得分：2)
您可以自己编写：
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
COORD c = { x, y };
SetConsoleCursorPosition( GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE) , c);
}
答案 5 :(得分：0)
如果你是初学者......你可以做一个。我有我的...... 有了这个，您还可以使用用户定义的值 ....
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void gotoxy(int i,int j)
{ int o=0,p=0;
for(;p<=j;p++)
{ cout<<"\n";
}
for(;o<=i;o++)
{cout<<" ";
}
}
现在将此代码保存为“* / 您想要的任何文件名/ .h”在DevC ++父目录的include文件夹中。
现在你可以将它用作普通头文件
#include<gotoxy.h>
（这里我使用gotoxy作为我的头文件名......）
希望这可以帮助你......
快乐编码:)
答案 6 :(得分：0)
有一小段代码对我来说大部分时间都适用......
#include<iostream>
#include<iomanip> //for setw();
using namespace std;
gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
cout<<setw(x); //horizontal
for(;y>0;y--) //vertical
cout<<endl;
}
int main()
{
gotoxy(10,20);
cout<<"ANYTHING";
return(0);
}