Question

在Linux（Bash）中有一个very useful functionality用于将文字文本转储到另一个文件中，如下所示：

cat > see.txt << EOF
contents going into
my file
EOF

我需要的是Windows批处理脚本的等价物。我没有找到内置的这种功能，但我想我可以编写一个子程序来做它（我不想依赖于自XP以来在Windows中本身不存在的任何东西），但我是遇到麻烦。到目前为止，这是我various sources的帮助：

call:catMyChunk myCustomText c:\see.txt
exit /b

goto:myCustomText
   This is my test file
   Hope you like it.

    <got these>
    % and these %
    ! these too

   yeah
:myCustomText

:catMyChunk
    ::Should call this function with 2 args, MYDELIM and outFile.txt
    ::where is to be catted to outFile.txt
    ::and text starts with <beginning of line>goto:MYDELIM
    ::and ends with <beginning of line>:MYDELIM
    set searchStart=goto:%~1
    set searchStop=:%~1
    set outFile=%~2
    set startLine=0
    set endLine=0
    for /f "delims=:" %%a in ('findstr -b -n !searchStart! %~dpnx0') do set "startLine=%%a"
    for /f "delims=:" %%a in ('findstr -b -n !searchStop!  %~dpnx0') do set "endLine=%%a"

    set /a linesLeftToRead=%endLine% - %startLine%
    del %outFile%
    if "%linesLeftToRead%" LEQ "0" (
        echo Error finding start and end delmieters for %searchStop% in catMyChunk routine
        exit /B 1
    )
    setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
    for /f "usebackq skip=%startLine% delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ %~dpnx0"`) do (
        set "oneLine=%%a"
        setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
        set "oneLine=!oneLine:*:=!"
        set /a linesLeftToRead-=1
        if !linesLeftToRead! LEQ 0 exit /B
        echo(!oneLine!>>%outFile%
    )

goto: EOF

所以我的要求是文本块按字面输出而不做任何改动（即我不想逃避空白行，％，！，＆lt;等等）。这段代码几乎可以完成我需要的一切，除了我还没有找到一种方法来正确输出感叹号。这是我得到的输出，这不太正确：

   This is my test file
   Hope you like it.

    <got these>
    % and these %
     these too

   yeah

编辑：对于任何想要现在有效的子程序的修改版本的人来说，这里是：

:catMyChunk
    ::Should call this function with 2 args, MYDELIM and outFile.txt
    ::where is to be catted to outFile.txt
    ::and text starts with <beginning of line>goto:MYDELIM
    ::and ends with <beginning of line>:MYDELIM
    set searchStart=goto:%~1
    set searchStop=:%~1
    set outFile=%~2
    set startLine=0
    set endLine=0
    for /f "delims=:" %%a in ('findstr -b -n !searchStart! %~dpnx0') do set "startLine=%%a"
    for /f "delims=:" %%a in ('findstr -b -n !searchStop!  %~dpnx0') do set "endLine=%%a"

    set /a linesLeftToRead=%endLine% - %startLine%
    del %outFile%
    if "%linesLeftToRead%" LEQ "0" (
        echo Error finding start and end delmieters for %searchStop% in catMyChunk routine
        exit /B 1
    )
    setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
    for /f "usebackq skip=%startLine% delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ %~dpnx0"`) do (
        set "oneLine=%%a"
        set /a linesLeftToRead-=1
        setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
        set "oneLine=!oneLine:*:=!"
        if !linesLeftToRead! LEQ 0 exit /B
        echo(!oneLine!>>%outFile%
        endlocal
    )
    endlocal

goto: EOF

Answer 1

您的代码在FOR循环中缺少一个endlocal 您可以通过setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion为每个循环创建一个新的本地上下文，这会在文本文件中出现更多行。

为了保留感叹号（以及插入符号），您需要切换技术 DOS batch files: How to read a file?

setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
for /f "usebackq skip=%startLine% delims=" %%a in (`"findstr /n ^^ %~dpnx0"`) do (
    set "oneLine=%%a"
    setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
    set "oneLine=!oneLine:*:=!"
    set /a linesLeftToRead-=1
    if !linesLeftToRead! LEQ 0 exit /B
    echo(!oneLine!>>%outFile%
    **endlocal**
)

Answer 2

+1，有趣的应用程序！我修改了你的代码以获得更简单，更快的版本：

@echo off
call :catMyChunk myCustomText see.txt
exit /b

goto:myCustomText
This is my test file
Hope you like it.
<got these>
% and these %
! these too
yeah
:myCustomText

:catMyChunk
::Should call this function with 2 args, MYDELIM and outFile.txt
::where is to be catted to outFile.txt
::and text starts with <beginning of line>goto:MYDELIM
::and ends with <beginning of line>:MYDELIM
setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion
set searchStart=goto:%~1
set searchStop=:%~1
set outFile=%~2
if exist %outFile% del %outFile%
set copyFlag=No
echo No> copyFlag
for /f "delims=" %%a in (%~f0) do (
    set "oneLine=%%a"
    setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
    if !copyFlag! == No (
        if !oneLine! == %searchStart% echo Yes> copyFlag
    ) else (
        if !oneLine! == %searchStop% (
            echo No> copyFlag
        ) else (
            echo/!oneLine!>> %outFile%
        )
    )
    endlocal
    set /p copyFlag=< copyFlag
)
endlocal
goto :eof

我还创建了另一个看起来更像Linux版本的版本，也就是说，要复制的行在调用例程后直接放置，并且在最后复制的行之后继续执行。当然，为了实现这一点，不会通过call调用例程，而是使用goto调用例程，当例程结束时，执行goto %MYDELIM%而不是“return”（{ {1}}或exit /b）。此外，因为goto :eof不能有参数，所以在调用之前在变量中定义“参数”。

goto

修改

这个新版本更快，现在适用于所有特殊情况，包括空行：

@echo off set searchStop=EndOfMyText set outFile=see.txt goto :catMyChunk EndOfMyText This is my test file Hope you like it. <got these> % and these % ! these too yeah :EndOfMyText exit /b :catMyChunk ::Before JUMP to this "function" define 2 vars: searchStop and outFile ::where is to be catted to %outFile% ::and text starts with goto :catMyChunk %searchStop% ::and ends with :%searchStop% setlocal DisableDelayedExpansion set searchStart=goto :catMyChunk %searchStop% if exist %outFile% del %outFile% set copyFlag=No echo No> copyFlag for /f "delims=" %%a in (%~f0) do ( set "oneLine=%%a" setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion if !copyFlag! == No ( if /I !oneLine! == !searchStart! echo Yes> copyFlag ) else ( if !oneLine! == :%searchStop% ( echo No> copyFlag ) else ( echo/!oneLine!>> %outFile% ) ) endlocal set /p copyFlag=< copyFlag ) endlocal goto %searchStop%

批处理脚本如何做相当于“cat＆lt;＆lt; eof”的操作？

2 个答案: