我有以下df：
> head(giftByDay)
giftDate gift yr mon day
1 2009-07-01 100.00 2009 7 1
2 2009-07-03 300.00 2009 7 3
3 2009-07-06 470.00 2009 7 6
4 2009-07-07 7436.66 2009 7 7
5 2009-07-09 50.00 2009 7 9
6 2009-07-11 25.00 2009 7 11
它有3年的数据（截至6月30日的财政年度），我试图将它们全部放在一个地块中作为3个单独的线来比较年度表现。我也试图将美元放在y轴上，将MM-DD放在x轴上。
我根据年份将其分成3个块：
> yr2009 <- subset(giftByDay, giftByDay$giftDate >= "2009-07-01" & giftByDay$giftDate < "2010-07-01")
> yr2010 <- subset(giftByDay, giftByDay$giftDate >= "2010-07-01" & giftByDay$giftDate < "2011-07-01")
> yr2011 <- subset(giftByDay, giftByDay$giftDate >= "2011-07-01" & giftByDay$giftDate < "2012-07-01")
接下来，我创建用于绘图的动物园对象：
> yr2009$d2 <- format(as.Date(yr2009$giftDate), "%m-%d")
> x1 <- zoo(yr2009$gift, yr2009$d2)
> yr2010$d2 <- format(as.Date(yr2010$giftDate), "%m-%d")
> x2 <- zoo(yr2010$gift, x2.Date)
> yr2011$d2 <- format(as.Date(yr2011$giftDate), "%m-%d")
> x3 <- zoo(yr2011$gift, x3.Date)
当我尝试绘制它时问题就开始了：
> plot(x1, type="l", col=1)
Error in plot.window(...) : need finite 'xlim' values
In addition: Warning messages:
1: In xy.coords(x, y, xlabel, ylabel, log) : NAs introduced by coercion
2: In min(x) : no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf
3: In max(x) : no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
> points(x2, type="l", col=2)
Warning message:
In xy.coords(x, y) : NAs introduced by coercion
> points(x3, type="l", col=3)
Warning message:
In xy.coords(x, y) : NAs introduced by coercion
对象实际上有东西：
> head(x1)
01-01 01-04 01-05 01-08 01-11 01-13
15.0 125.0 1000.0 6350.0 200.0 291281.1
但我无法弄清楚为什么它不会阴谋。有什么建议吗？
编辑：
> giftByDayList <- split(as.xts(giftByDay), "years")
Error in as.POSIXlt.character(x, tz, ...) :
character string is not in a standard unambiguous format
> class(giftByDay$giftDate)
[1] "character"
我不确定是什么导致了这个错误。
编辑2：
> gbd <- zoo(giftByDay)
> gbd <- as.xts(gbd)
Error in xts(coredata(x), order.by = order.by, frequency = frequency, :
order.by requires an appropriate time-based object
> giftByDayList <- split(as.xts(gbd), "years")
Error in xts(coredata(x), order.by = order.by, frequency = frequency, :
order.by requires an appropriate time-based object
编辑3：
> giftByDayList <- split(xts(giftByDay[,-1],as.Date(giftByDay$giftDate)), "years")
> giftByDayList <- lapply(giftByDayList, toyear, 2011)
Error in `index<-.xts`(`*tmp*`, value = list(sec = c(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, :
unsupported ‘index’ index type of class ‘POSIXt’unsupported ‘index’ index type of class ‘POSIXlt’
> str(giftByDayList )
List of 3
$ :An ‘xts’ object from 2009-07-01 to 2009-12-31 containing:
Data: num [1:89, 1:4] 100 300 470 7437 50 ...
- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
..$ : NULL
..$ : chr [1:4] "gift" "yr" "mon" "day"
Indexed by objects of class: [Date] TZ:
xts Attributes:
NULL
$ :An ‘xts’ object from 2010-01-01 to 2010-12-31 containing:
Data: num [1:213, 1:4] 15 125 1000 6350 200 ...
- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
..$ : NULL
..$ : chr [1:4] "gift" "yr" "mon" "day"
Indexed by objects of class: [Date] TZ:
xts Attributes:
NULL
$ :An ‘xts’ object from 2011-01-02 to 2011-10-26 containing:
Data: num [1:189, 1:4] 1500 235 1000 18154 10 ...
- attr(*, "dimnames")=List of 2
..$ : NULL
..$ : chr [1:4] "gift" "yr" "mon" "day"
Indexed by objects of class: [Date] TZ:
xts Attributes:
NULL
>
答案 0 :(得分：3)
1）data.frame解决方案。试试这个。我们设置了一些测试数据，然后计算会计年度并在变换语句中重新定义每个日期。最后，我们通过fiscalyear绘制礼物与重生日期。请注意，它实际上只是两个语句，一个用于转换，另一个用于绘图。
## set up test data
giftDate <- seq(as.Date("2009-07-01"), length = 36, by = "month")
giftByDay <- data.frame(giftDate, gift = 1:36,
yr = as.numeric(format(giftDate, "%Y")),
mon = as.numeric(format(giftDate, "%m")),
day = as.numeric(format(giftDate, "%d")))
## now that we have test data, calculate fiscalyear, rebase each date to 1999-2000
## and plot
giftByDay <- transform(giftByDay, fiscalyear = yr + (mon > 6),
Date = as.Date(paste(2000 - (mon > 6), mon, day, sep = "-")))
library(lattice)
xyplot(gift ~ Date, giftByDay, group = fiscalyear, type = "o", auto.key = TRUE)
编辑：
下面添加了动物园解决方案。
2）动物园解决方案。在这种情况下，解决方案并不比仅使用数据框更简单，尽管如果z的特定形式可用于其他计算，它可能具有优势：
library(zoo)
library(lattice)
giftByDay <- transform(giftByDay, fiscalyear = yr + (mon > 6))
z <- read.zoo(giftByDay[2:6], index = 2:4, split = 5, FUN = function(y, m, d)
as.Date(paste(2000 - (m > 6), m, d, sep = "-")))
xyplot(z, screen = 1, col = 1:3, type = "o", auto.key = TRUE, ylab = "Gift")
这是动物园对象z的样子：
> z
2010 2011 2012
1999-07-01 1 13 25
1999-08-01 2 14 26
1999-09-01 3 15 27
1999-10-01 4 16 28
1999-11-01 5 17 29
1999-12-01 6 18 30
2000-01-01 7 19 31
2000-02-01 8 20 32
2000-03-01 9 21 33
2000-04-01 10 22 34
2000-05-01 11 23 35
2000-06-01 12 24 36
答案 1 :(得分：2)
这个答案是我在R-help上对Related to xts/time-series and plot questions...的回答的修改版本。
您可以通过将每个索引值转换为同一年来完成此操作。下面的toyear功能可以做到这一点。
toyear <- function(x, year) {
# get year of last obs
xyear <- .indexyear(last(x))+1900
# get index and convert to POSIXlt
ind <- as.POSIXlt(index(x))
# set index year to desired value
ind$year <- year-1900
index(x) <- ind
# label column with year of last obs
colnames(x) <- paste(colnames(x),xyear,sep=".")
x
}
# split data into a list of xts objects by year
giftByDayList <- split(xts(giftByDay[,-1],as.Date(giftByDay$giftDate)), "years")
# convert each list element to be "2011"
giftByDayList <- lapply(giftByDayList, toyear, 2011)
# merge all list elements into one object
giftByDayByYear <- as.zoo(do.call(merge, giftByDayList))
# plot on one "screen"
plot(giftByDayByYear, screens=1, col=rainbow(ncol(giftByDayByYear)))