在Objective C中随机化NSArray的规范方法

时间:2009-04-26 17:20:52

标签: iphone objective-c random

是否有一种规范的方法可以在Objective C中随机化一个数组?

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:59)

我的实用程序库在NSMutableArray上定义了这个类别:

@interface NSMutableArray (ArchUtils_Shuffle)
- (void)shuffle;
@end

// Chooses a random integer below n without bias.
// Computes m, a power of two slightly above n, and takes random() modulo m,
// then throws away the random number if it's between n and m.
// (More naive techniques, like taking random() modulo n, introduce a bias 
// towards smaller numbers in the range.)
static NSUInteger random_below(NSUInteger n) {
    NSUInteger m = 1;

    // Compute smallest power of two greater than n.
    // There's probably a faster solution than this loop, but bit-twiddling
    // isn't my specialty.
    do {
        m <<= 1;
    } while(m < n);

    NSUInteger ret;

    do {
        ret = random() % m;
    } while(ret >= n);

    return ret;
}

@implementation NSMutableArray (ArchUtils_Shuffle)

- (void)shuffle {
    // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth_shuffle

    for(NSUInteger i = [self count]; i > 1; i--) {
        NSUInteger j = random_below(i);
        [self exchangeObjectAtIndex:i-1 withObjectAtIndex:j];
    }
}

@end

确保在调用之前的某个时间为随机数生成器(例如srandom(time(NULL)))播种;否则输出不会很随机。

答案 1 :(得分:20)

这是!

- (NSArray*)shuffleArray:(NSArray*)array {

    NSMutableArray *temp = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:array];

    for(NSUInteger i = [array count]; i > 1; i--) {
        NSUInteger j = arc4random_uniform(i);
        [temp exchangeObjectAtIndex:i-1 withObjectAtIndex:j];
    }

    return [NSArray arrayWithArray:temp];
}

答案 2 :(得分:7)

if ([array count] > 1) {
    for (NSUInteger shuffleIndex = [array count] - 1; shuffleIndex > 0; shuffleIndex--)
        [array exchangeObjectAtIndex:shuffleIndex withObjectAtIndex:random() % (shuffleIndex + 1)];
}

确保使用srandomdev()或srandom()为random()函数设定种子。

答案 3 :(得分:2)

如果您要问的话,SDK中没有内置功能。<​​/ p>

您可以使用任何您想要的随机化或随机算法。不同的算法在随机性,效率等方面有不同的权衡。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuffling#Shuffling_algorithms

对于使用可变数组启动“就地”的算法,请使用

insertObject:atIndex:
removeObjectAtIndex:

对于重建数组的算法,将其提供给原始数据并构建一个新数组。

答案 4 :(得分:1)

我的解决方案是一个类别方法,它返回一个数组的副本(自动释放),其元素随机化(使用arc4random)。

@interface NSArray (CMRandomised)

/* Returns a copy of the array with elements re-ordered randomly */
- (NSArray *)randomised;

@end

/* Returns a random integer number between low and high inclusive */
static inline int randomInt(int low, int high)
{
    return (arc4random() % (high-low+1)) + low;
}

@implementation NSArray (CMRandomised)

- (NSArray *)randomised
{
    NSMutableArray *randomised = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:[self count]];

    for (id object in self) {
        NSUInteger index = randomInt(0, [randomised count]);
        [randomised insertObject:object atIndex:index];
    }
    return randomised;
}

@end

答案 5 :(得分:0)

如果没有NSArray上的类别(即有arrayWithRandomizedIndices)或NSMutableArray之类的实例方法,则没有规范方法(即有类似randomizeIndices的方法)。

以下是我的图书馆中的一个示例,它是NSMutableArray上某个类别的一部分。它将随机重新排序数组,而不是随机播放几个条目。

- (void) randomizeIndices
{
  if (self == nil || [self count] <= 1)
  {
    return;
  }

  int count = [self count];

  NSMutableArray* copySelf = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:self];
  NSMutableArray* mutableResultArray = [NSMutableArray alloc];
  mutableResultArray = [mutableResultArray initWithCapacity:count];
  [mutableResultArray autorelease];

  int objectsMovedCount = 0;

  for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
  {
    int index = rand() % (count - objectsMovedCount);
    id anObject = [copySelf objectAtIndex:index];
    [mutableResultArray addObject:anObject];
    [copySelf removeObjectAtIndex:index];
    objectsMovedCount++;
  }
  [self setArray:mutableResultArray];
}

在调用此方法之前或方法的早期调用srand(time(0));或其他类似内容。

答案 6 :(得分:0)

NSArray随机化为Objective-C类别方法:

@implementation NSArray (NGDataDynamics)

- (NSArray *)jumbled
{
  NSMutableArray *jumbled = self.mutableCopy;

  NSUInteger idx = self.count-1;
  while(idx)
  {
    [jumbled exchangeObjectAtIndex:idx
                 withObjectAtIndex:arc4random_uniform(idx)];
    idx--;
  }

  return jumbled;
}

@end

如图所示:NSArray Randomization & Psychedelia