我目前在使用递归将节点插入二叉树时遇到困难。我一直在研究这个问题几天,并且认为是时候我来寻找答案了!
节点类(.h):
#ifndef STUDENT_MACROGUARD
#define STUDENT_MACROGUARD
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
namespace student_class
{
class student
{
public:
// Constructors / Destructors;
student(const float entry = 0, std::string name = "",
student* left_ptr = NULL, student* right_ptr = NULL);
~student(void){};
// Mutating member functions;
void set_grade(const float entry);
void set_name(std::string entry);
void set_left(student* node_ptr);
void set_right(student* node_ptr);
// Non mutating member functions;
float grade(void);
std::string name(void);
student* left(void);
student* right(void);
// Const member functions;
const student* left(void) const;
const student* right(void) const;
private:
std::string student_name;
float grade_field;
student* left_ptr;
student* right_ptr;
};
}
#endif
BSTree类实现二叉树数据结构(.h):
#ifndef BTTree_MACROGUARD
#define BTTree_MACROGUARD
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include "student.h"
using namespace student_class;
namespace BTTree_class
{
class BTTree
{
public:
// Constructors / Destructors;
BTTree(student* node_ptr = NULL);
~BTTree(void);
// Mutating member functions;
void insert(student* node_ptr = NULL, const float grade = 0, std::string name = "");
void remove(student* node_ptr);
// Non mutating member functions;
student* grade_search(const float entry);
student* name_search(const std::string entry);
student* root(void);
void print_tree(student* node_ptr);
// Const member functions;
const student* grade_search(const float entry) const;
const student* name_search(const float entry) const;
const student* root(void) const;
private:
student* root_ptr;
};
}
#endif
我用来将节点插入树中的插入成员函数实现:
void BTTree::insert(student* node_ptr, const float grade, std::string name)
{
if(root_ptr == NULL)
{
root_ptr = new student(grade, name);
return;
}
if(node_ptr == NULL)
{
node_ptr = new student(grade, name);
return;
}
else if(node_ptr->grade() > grade)
{
insert(node_ptr->left(), grade, name);
}
else
{
insert(node_ptr->right(), grade, name);
}
}
我不明白为什么这个插入不起作用。代码看起来完美无瑕,让我摸不着头脑。我编写了一个使用迭代的替代插入函数,但递归是必须的。
任何帮助都会很棒,谢谢。
答案 0 :(得分:3)
问题在于:
if(node_ptr == NULL)
{
node_ptr = new student(grade, name);
return;
}
node_ptr
是一个局部变量,因为你按值传递它。因此,退出函数时,分配将丢失。
要修复它 - 按参考传递:
void BTTree::insert(student* &node_ptr, const float grade, std::string name)
这当然需要这些改变:
student* & left(void);
student* & right(void);