我感觉很实验，并且想尝试将RichFaces 3.3添加到在tomcat 5上运行的现有JBoss Seam应用程序。项目中存在以下内容：
Dynamic Web Module: 2.3
Java : 1.5
JavaScript: 1.0
以及以下库（包括新添加的Richfaces及其依赖库）：
commons-beanutils-1.7.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-codec-1.3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-digester-1.6.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-el-1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-fileupload-1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-lang-2.1.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
cssparser-0.9.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
guava-r08.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
iText-2.1.2u.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
jstl-1.1.0.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
jxl.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
log4j-1.2.8.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
mail.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
myfaces-api-1.1.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
myfaces-impl-1.1.5.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
Opta2000.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
richfaces-api-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
richfaces-impl-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
richfaces-ui-3.3.3.Final.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
sac.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
standard.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
tomahawk-1.1.3.jar - FCL - Experimental/WebRoot/WEB-INF/lib
Java EE 5 Libraries
TOMCAT 5
ant.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
ant-launcher.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
commons-collections-3.1.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\l
commons-dbcp-1.2.1.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
commons-el.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
commons-pool-1.2.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
jasper-compiler.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
jasper-runtime.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
jsp-api.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
naming-common.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
naming-factory.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
naming-java.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
naming-resources.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
servlet-api.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
tools.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\lib
xercesImpl.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\endorsed
xml-apis.jar - C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\common\endorsed
JRE System Library [jdk1.5.0_19]
然后将以下内容添加到web.xml：添加整个web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" id="WebApp_1319603694180">
<!-- RichFaces -->
<context-param>
<param-name>org.richfaces.SKIN</param-name>
<param-value>blueSky</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>org.richfaces.CONTROL_SKINNING</param-name>
<param-value>enable</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<display-name>RichFaces Filter</display-name>
<filter-name>richfaces</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.ajax4jsf.Filter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>richfaces</filter-name>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- END -->
<filter>
<filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.myfaces.webapp.filter.ExtensionsFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>maxFileSize</param-name>
<param-value>20m</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- extension mapping for adding <script/>, <link/>, and other resource tags to JSF-pages -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
<!-- servlet-name must match the name of your javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet entry -->
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- extension mapping for serving page-independent resources (javascript, stylesheets, images, etc.) -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>MyFacesExtensionsFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/faces/myFacesExtensionResource/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
<param-value>server</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>org.apache.myfaces.ALLOW_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>org.apache.myfaces.PRETTY_HTML</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>org.apache.myfaces.DETECT_JAVASCRIPT</param-name>
<param-value>false</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>org.apache.myfaces.AUTO_SCROLL</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.apache.myfaces.webapp.StartupServletContextListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>
com.exper.util.SessionExpireHandler
</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<description>
This is the description of my J2EE component
</description>
<display-name>
This is the display name of my J2EE component
</display-name>
<servlet-name>homeDetail</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
com.exper.backingbean.homeDetail
</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.faces</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>homescreen</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/homescreen</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>Faces Servlet</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.exper.util.SessionHandler</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Faces Servlet</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.faces</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Welcome files -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>jsp/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<session-config>
<session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
EXCEPTION ERROR UPDATED：结果是异常错误，我不明白如下：
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
INFO: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8083
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 531 ms
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService start
INFO: Starting service Catalina
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine start
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/5.0.28
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost start
INFO: XML validation disabled
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost getDeployer
INFO: Create Host deployer for direct deployment ( non-jmx )
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\admin.xml
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.util.LocalStrings', returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.struts.action.ActionResources', returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.struts.util.PropertyMessageResources <init>
INFO: Initializing, config='org.apache.webapp.admin.ApplicationResources',
returnNull=true
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\balancer.xml
27/10/2011 9:43:59 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Processing Context configuration file URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-
5.0.28\conf\Catalina\localhost\manager.xml
27/10/2011 9:44:00 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostDeployer install
INFO: Installing web application at context path from URL file:C:\jakarta-tomcat-
5.0.28\webapps\ROOT
27/10/2011 9:44:00 AM org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader validateJarFile
INFO: validateJarFile(C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\webapps\ROOT\WEB-INF\lib\servlet-api.jar)
- jar not loaded. See Servlet Spec 2.3, section 9.7.2. Offending class:
javax/servlet/Servlet.class
27/10/2011 9:44:03 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
SEVERE: Error listenerStart
27/10/2011 9:44:03 AM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext start
SEVERE: Context startup failed due to previous errors
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol start
INFO: Starting Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8083
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket init
INFO: JK2: ajp13 listening on /0.0.0.0:8009
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.jk.server.JkMain start
INFO: Jk running ID=0 time=0/16 config=C:\jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28\conf\jk2.properties
27/10/2011 9:44:04 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 5312 ms
更新动态Web模块到2.4以与web.xml对齐并删除了servlet-api.jar ，结果如下：
27/10/2011 10:18:57 AM org.apache.commons.digester.Digester startElement
SEVERE: Begin event threw error
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletException
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1791)
at java.beans.Introspector$1.run(Introspector.java:1272)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.beans.Introspector.getPublicDeclaredMethods(Introspector.java:1270)
at java.beans.Introspector.getTargetMethodInfo(Introspector.java:1136)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:387)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:220)
at java.beans.Introspector.<init>(Introspector.java:368)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:896)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:926)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptor(PropertyUtilsBean.java:801)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.setProperty(BeanUtilsBean.java:937)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.populate(BeanUtilsBean.java:811)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils.populate(BeanUtils.java:298)
at org.apache.commons.digester.SetPropertiesRule.begin(SetPropertiesRule.java:259)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Rule.begin(Rule.java:200)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.startElement(Digester.java:1273)
at org.apache.catalina.util.CatalinaDigester.startElement(CatalinaDigester.java:65)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:489)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:528)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:250)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:424)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:854)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:721)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 39 more
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:250)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:424)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletException
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2427)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods(Class.java:1791)
at java.beans.Introspector$1.run(Introspector.java:1272)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.beans.Introspector.getPublicDeclaredMethods(Introspector.java:1270)
at java.beans.Introspector.getTargetMethodInfo(Introspector.java:1136)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:387)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:220)
at java.beans.Introspector.<init>(Introspector.java:368)
at java.beans.Introspector.getBeanInfo(Introspector.java:159)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:896)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptors(PropertyUtilsBean.java:926)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.PropertyUtilsBean.getPropertyDescriptor(PropertyUtilsBean.java:801)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.setProperty(BeanUtilsBean.java:937)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtilsBean.populate(BeanUtilsBean.java:811)
at org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils.populate(BeanUtils.java:298)
at org.apache.commons.digester.SetPropertiesRule.begin(SetPropertiesRule.java:259)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Rule.begin(Rule.java:200)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.startElement(Digester.java:1273)
at org.apache.catalina.util.CatalinaDigester.startElement(CatalinaDigester.java:65)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:489)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:528)
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletException
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:854)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.StandardClassLoader.loadClass(StandardClassLoader.java:721)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:320)
... 39 more
有人能告诉我这里出了什么问题吗？我得到了：
HTTP Status 404 - /
type Status report
message /
description The requested resource (/) is not available.
Apache Tomcat/5.0.28
答案 0 :(得分：1)
引起：java.lang.IllegalArgumentException：需要参数名称和参数值
在org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addParameter（StandardContext.java:2113）
此异常表明您位于web.xml <context-param>的某个位置，其中<param-name>或<param-value>条目丢失或拼写错误。
更新：
INFO：validateJarFile（C：\ jakarta-tomcat-5.0.28 \ webapps \ ROOT \ WEB-INF \ lib \ servlet-api.jar）
- jar没装。请参阅Servlet规范2.3，第9.7.2节。违规类：
的javax / servlet的/ Servlet.class
那个JAR确实不属于那里。去掉它。另请参阅How do I import the javax.servlet API in my Eclipse project?
引起我注意的另一件事是你在指定Servlet API版本时的不一致。 Tomcat 5.0是一个Servlet 2.3容器（5.5是Servlet 2.4; 6.0是servlet 2.5; 7.0是Servlet 3.0）。您已将动态Web项目版本设置为2.3，这很好，但您已声明您的web.xml符合Servlet 2.4。这可能在解析web.xml时混淆了Tomcat 5.0。此外，您的Eclipse构建路径提到了Java EE 5库（这意味着Servlet 2.5），这也是完全错误的。您应该在项目属性的 Targeted Runtimes 部分设置Tomcat 5.0。
将它全部对齐。如果你想坚持使用古老的（和EOL'ed）Tomcat 5.0，那么无处不在使用Servlet 2.3。与Servlet 2.3兼容的web.xml如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
<web-app>
<!-- Config here. -->
</web-app>
否则更好地升级Tomcat（并根据Tomcat版本对齐所有内容）。你真的需要它，因为RichFaces 3.3需要JSF 1.2，它反过来需要Servlet 2.5，但是当你使用Facelets 1.x而不是JSP时可以在Servlet 2.4上运行。