请参阅我在tek-tips.com上提出的问题: http://tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=1663735&page=1
正如我在其他几个主题中所提到的,我正在构建一个控件,以便在iPhone上复制SMS短信。这仅包含包含文本的控件两侧的气泡。我已经有一个工作版本,但需要从头开始重新构建它。我想对一些事情提出一些建议......
您认为存储邮件数据列表的最佳方法是什么?我在考虑使用TCollection,但这可能太重了。目前我正在使用包含原始文本数据的TStringList,该数据被解析并适当地翻译。这很好用,因为我不必创建任何带有不必要属性的额外对象。它只是......
data syntax:
<user_size><deliminator><user><message_size><deliminator><message>
which could look like:
9|djjd4713023|This is a test message!
characters:
SDTTTTTTTTTSSDTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT
user_size = 9
deliminator = |
user = djjd47130
etc.......
无论如何,我预计这个控件中可能有数千条消息。这让我想到了下一个问题。绘制它的最佳方式。目前,我正在使用TDrawGrid,并且正在将其转换为TStringGrid,因此我可以直接在网格中包含文本而不是TStringList。然而,这就是我停下来的地方,因为我想知道是否还有一种比使用网格更好的方法。这很简单,因为它可以自动管理存储每个单元格的矩形等。
如何使用TImage代替?关于可能的最大控制尺寸还存在另一个问题。随着消息的增多,此控件会自动增大,因此,如果有1000条消息,平均消息气泡高度约为80像素,则表示网格控制需要高达80,000像素。虽然使用TImage可能很难,因为我必须手动计算画布上的位置以绘制每个气球,类似于网格内部跟踪的情况。
顺便说一句,这个网格(或其他画布)位于TScrollBox内(最终控件将继承自TScrollingWinControl)。这是它可以滚动的方式,而实际的画布本身比控件大得多,大到足以绘制所有的消息气球。滚动控件实际上是在TScrollBox中上下移动,以查看显示消息的控件画布部分。
总结我需要完善的部分: - 在列表中存储消息项的轻量级方法(在网格,字符串列表,集合或其他列表中?) - 具有可变高度列表项的可滚动画布(网格,图像或其他列表?) - 允许最大数量的消息保持在可变高度? - 能够自定义控件如何响应用户操作以自动向上或向下滚动
我不一定要求解决任何事情,而是建议尽可能做到最好。
答案 0 :(得分:7)
如果我是你,我会做这样的事情:
unit ChatControl;
interface
uses
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Classes, Controls, Graphics;
type
TUser = (User1 = 0, User2 = 1);
TChatControl = class(TCustomControl)
private
FColor1, FColor2: TColor;
FStrings: TStringList;
FScrollPos: integer;
FOldScrollPos: integer;
FBottomPos: integer;
FBoxTops: array of integer;
FInvalidateCache: boolean;
procedure StringsChanged(Sender: TObject);
procedure SetColor1(Color1: TColor);
procedure SetColor2(Color2: TColor);
procedure SetStringList(Strings: TStringList);
procedure ScrollPosUpdated;
procedure InvalidateCache;
protected
procedure Paint; override;
procedure Resize; override;
procedure CreateParams(var Params: TCreateParams); override;
procedure WndProc(var Message: TMessage); override;
function DoMouseWheel(Shift: TShiftState; WheelDelta: Integer;
MousePos: TPoint): Boolean; override;
procedure Click; override;
public
constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;
destructor Destroy; override;
function Say(const User: TUser; const S: String): Integer;
procedure ScrollToBottom;
published
property Align;
property Anchors;
property Cursor;
property Font;
property Color1: TColor read FColor1 write SetColor1 default clSkyBlue;
property Color2: TColor read FColor2 write SetColor2 default clMoneyGreen;
property Strings: TStringList read FStrings write SetStringList;
property TabOrder;
property TabStop;
end;
procedure Register;
implementation
uses Math;
procedure Register;
begin
RegisterComponents('Rejbrand 2009', [TChatControl]);
end;
{ TChatControl }
procedure TChatControl.Click;
begin
inherited;
if CanFocus and TabStop then
SetFocus;
end;
constructor TChatControl.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
inherited;
DoubleBuffered := true;
FScrollPos := 0;
FBoxTops := nil;
InvalidateCache;
FStrings := TStringList.Create;
FStrings.OnChange := StringsChanged;
FColor1 := clSkyBlue;
FColor2 := clMoneyGreen;
FOldScrollPos := MaxInt;
end;
procedure TChatControl.CreateParams(var Params: TCreateParams);
begin
inherited;
Params.Style := Params.Style or WS_VSCROLL;
end;
destructor TChatControl.Destroy;
begin
FStrings.Free;
inherited;
end;
function TChatControl.DoMouseWheel(Shift: TShiftState; WheelDelta: Integer;
MousePos: TPoint): Boolean;
begin
dec(FScrollPos, WheelDelta);
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
procedure TChatControl.InvalidateCache;
begin
FInvalidateCache := true;
end;
procedure TChatControl.Paint;
const
Aligns: array[TUser] of integer = (DT_RIGHT, DT_LEFT);
var
Colors: array[TUser] of TColor;
var
User: TUser;
i, y, MaxWidth, RectWidth: integer;
r, r2: TRect;
SI: TScrollInfo;
begin
inherited;
Colors[User1] := FColor1;
Colors[User2] := FColor2;
y := 10 - FScrollPos;
MaxWidth := ClientWidth div 2;
Canvas.Font.Assign(Font);
if FInvalidateCache then
SetLength(FBoxTops, FStrings.Count);
for i := 0 to FStrings.Count - 1 do
begin
if FInvalidateCache then
FBoxTops[i] := y + FScrollPos
else
begin
if (i < (FStrings.Count - 1)) and (FBoxTops[i + 1] - FScrollPos < 0) then
Continue;
if FBoxTops[i] - FScrollPos > ClientHeight then
Break;
y := FBoxTops[i] - FScrollPos;
end;
User := TUser(FStrings.Objects[i]);
Canvas.Brush.Color := Colors[User];
r := Rect(10, y, MaxWidth, 16);
DrawText(Canvas.Handle,
PChar(FStrings[i]),
Length(FStrings[i]),
r,
Aligns[User] or DT_WORDBREAK or DT_CALCRECT);
if User = User2 then
begin
RectWidth := r.Right - r.Left;
r.Right := ClientWidth - 10;
r.Left := r.Right - RectWidth;
end;
r2 := Rect(r.Left - 4, r.Top - 4, r.Right + 4, r.Bottom + 4);
Canvas.RoundRect(r2, 5, 5);
DrawText(Canvas.Handle,
PChar(FStrings[i]),
Length(FStrings[i]),
r,
Aligns[User] or DT_WORDBREAK);
if FInvalidateCache then
begin
y := r.Bottom + 10;
FBottomPos := y + FScrollPos;
end;
end;
SI.cbSize := sizeof(SI);
SI.fMask := SIF_ALL;
SI.nMin := 0;
SI.nMax := FBottomPos;
SI.nPage := ClientHeight;
SI.nPos := FScrollPos;
SI.nTrackPos := SI.nPos;
SetScrollInfo(Handle, SB_VERT, SI, true);
if FInvalidateCache then
ScrollToBottom;
FInvalidateCache := false;
end;
procedure TChatControl.Resize;
begin
inherited;
InvalidateCache;
Invalidate;
end;
function TChatControl.Say(const User: TUser; const S: String): Integer;
begin
result := FStrings.AddObject(S, TObject(User));
end;
procedure TChatControl.ScrollToBottom;
begin
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_BOTTOM, 0);
end;
procedure TChatControl.SetColor1(Color1: TColor);
begin
if FColor1 <> Color1 then
begin
FColor1 := Color1;
Invalidate;
end;
end;
procedure TChatControl.SetColor2(Color2: TColor);
begin
if FColor2 <> Color2 then
begin
FColor2 := Color2;
Invalidate;
end;
end;
procedure TChatControl.SetStringList(Strings: TStringList);
begin
FStrings.Assign(Strings);
InvalidateCache;
Invalidate;
end;
procedure TChatControl.StringsChanged(Sender: TObject);
begin
InvalidateCache;
Invalidate;
end;
procedure TChatControl.WndProc(var Message: TMessage);
var
SI: TScrollInfo;
begin
inherited;
case Message.Msg of
WM_GETDLGCODE:
Message.Result := Message.Result or DLGC_WANTARROWS;
WM_KEYDOWN:
case Message.wParam of
VK_UP:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEUP, 0);
VK_DOWN:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_LINEDOWN, 0);
VK_PRIOR:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_PAGEUP, 0);
VK_NEXT:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_PAGEDOWN, 0);
VK_HOME:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_TOP, 0);
VK_END:
Perform(WM_VSCROLL, SB_BOTTOM, 0);
end;
WM_VSCROLL:
begin
case Message.WParamLo of
SB_TOP:
begin
FScrollPos := 0;
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_BOTTOM:
begin
FScrollPos := FBottomPos - ClientHeight;
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_LINEUP:
begin
dec(FScrollPos);
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_LINEDOWN:
begin
inc(FScrollPos);
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_PAGEUP:
begin
dec(FScrollPos, ClientHeight);
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_PAGEDOWN:
begin
inc(FScrollPos, ClientHeight);
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
SB_THUMBTRACK:
begin
ZeroMemory(@SI, sizeof(SI));
SI.cbSize := sizeof(SI);
SI.fMask := SIF_TRACKPOS;
if GetScrollInfo(Handle, SB_VERT, SI) then
begin
FScrollPos := SI.nTrackPos;
ScrollPosUpdated;
end;
end;
end;
Message.Result := 0;
end;
end;
end;
procedure TChatControl.ScrollPosUpdated;
begin
FScrollPos := EnsureRange(FScrollPos, 0, FBottomPos - ClientHeight);
if FOldScrollPos <> FScrollPos then
Invalidate;
FOldScrollPos := FScrollPos;
end;
end.
即使有10 000条消息,这也是超快的。
要测试它,请执行类似
的操作procedure TForm4.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i: integer;
begin
ChatControl1.Strings.Clear;
for i := 0 to StrToInt(LabeledEdit1.Text) - 1 do
ChatControl1.Say(TUser(Random(2)), RandomString(2, 80));
end;
procedure TForm4.Edit2KeyPress(Sender: TObject; var Key: Char);
begin
Assert(Sender is TEdit);
if ord(Key) = VK_RETURN then
begin
ChatControl1.Say(TUser(TEdit(Sender).Tag), TEdit(Sender).TExt);
Key := #0;
TEdit(Sender).Clear;
end;
end;
完整源码和编译演示:ChatControlDemo.zip
尽管如此,仍有进一步改进的空间。例如,当您将单个消息添加到字符串列表的末尾时,重新计算整个缓存数组是非常愚蠢的。显然,只需将这个新添加的消息的位置附加到缓存数组就足够了。但是我把它留给你了。