我遇到了技术问题而且让我很困惑。我提前道歉，因为我可能没有提供相关细节;我还不知道为什么会出错，包含我正在使用的所有代码都会过分。
我正在使用一个使用C ++ STL的大型程序。我正在将此代码移动到一个非常敏感的环境中，没有标准clib或STL实现;它将重新定义malloc / free / new / delete等...为此，我需要用我自己的简化实现替换std :: parts。我开始使用std :: vector。现在它正在标准生态系统中运行，因此它是GNU libc和STL。唯一改变的是这个矢量类。
当我用替换的类执行程序时，会出现段错误。我通过GDB发现这一点，发现程序将使用下标运算符从向量请求一个对象。返回对象引用时，将调用方法并且程序会段错误。它似乎找不到这个方法，最终在GDB中的main_arena（）中。对象的类型是继承的类。
我真的不确定这里的问题是什么。我很乐意提供更多细节，但我不确定我还能提供什么。我只能假设我的矢量实现有问题，因为程序中的其他内容都没有改变。也许有一些显而易见的事情，我在这里做错了，我根本没有看到。
我正在使用：g ++（GCC）4.4.5 20110214（Red Hat 4.4.5-6）
我真的很感激任何意见/建议！
#ifndef _MYSTL_VECTOR_H_
#define _MYSTL_VECTOR_H_
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
typedef unsigned int uint;
namespace mystl
{
/******************
VECTOR
********************/
template <typename T>
class vector
{
private:
uint _size;
uint _reserved;
T *storage;
void init_vector(uint reserve)
{
if (reserve == 0)
{
_reserved = 0;
return;
}
storage = (T*)malloc(sizeof(T)*reserve);
assert(storage);
_reserved = reserve;
}
public:
vector()
{
// std::cerr << "default constructor " << this << std::endl;
storage = NULL;
_size = 0;
_reserved = 0;
}
vector(const vector<T> &other)
{
// std::cerr << "copy constructor " << this << std::endl;
storage = NULL;
_size = 0;
_reserved = 0;
init_vector(other.size());
_size = other.size();
for (uint i=0; i<other.size(); i++)
{
storage[i] = T(other[i]);
}
}
vector(uint init_num, const T& init_value)
{
// std::cerr << "special constructor1 " << this << std::endl;
storage = NULL;
_size = 0;
_reserved = 0;
init_vector(init_num);
for (size_t i=0; i<init_num; i++)
{
push_back(init_value);
}
}
vector(uint init_num)
{
// std::cerr << "special constructor2 " << this << std::endl;
storage = NULL;
_size = 0;
_reserved = 0;
init_vector(init_num);
}
void reserve(uint new_size)
{
if (new_size > _reserved)
{
storage = (T*)realloc(storage, sizeof(T)*new_size);
assert(storage);
_reserved = new_size;
}
}
void push_back(const T &item)
{
if (_size >= _reserved)
{
if (_reserved == 0) _reserved=1;
reserve(_reserved*2);
}
storage[_size] = T(item);
_size++;
}
uint size() const
{
return _size;
}
~vector()
{
if (_reserved)
{
free(storage);
storage = NULL;
_reserved = 0;
_size = 0;
}
}
// this is for read only
const T& operator[] (unsigned i) const
{
// do bounds check...
if (i >= _size || i < 0)
{
assert(false);
}
return storage[i];
}
T& operator[] (unsigned i)
{
// do bounds check...
if (i >= _size || i < 0)
{
assert(false);
}
return storage[i];
}
// overload = operator
const vector<T>& operator= (const vector<T>& x)
{
// check for self
if (this != &x)
{
_reserved = 0;
_size = 0;
storage = NULL;
init_vector( x.size() );
for(uint i=0; i<x.size(); i++)
{
storage[i] = T(x[i]);
}
_size = x.size();
}
return *this;
}
uint begin() const
{
return 0;
}
void insert(uint pos, const T& value)
{
push_back(value);
if (size() == 1)
{
return;
}
for (size_t i=size()-2; i>=pos&& i>=0 ; i--)
{
storage[i+1] = storage[i];
}
storage[pos] = value;
}
void erase(uint erase_index)
{
if (erase_index >= _size)
{
return;
}
//scoot everyone down by one
for (uint i=erase_index; i<_size; i++)
{
storage[i] = storage[i+1];
}
_size--;
}
void erase(uint start, uint end)
{
if (start > end)
{
assert(false);
}
if (end > _size)
end = _size;
for (uint i=start; i<end; i++)
{
erase(start);
}
assert(false);
}
void clear()
{
erase(0,_size);
}
bool empty() const
{
return _size == 0;
}
}; //class vector
}
#endif // _MYSTL_VECTOR_H_
答案 0 :(得分：4)
哇！
您的赋值运算符也会泄漏内存。
因为你正在使用malloc / release，你的类型T的构造函数将不会被调用，因此除了最简单的对象之外你不能使用你的向量。
今天早上我有点无聊：试试这个
#include <stdlib.h> // For NULL
#include <new> // Because you need placement new
// Because you are avoiding std::
// An implementation of swap
template<typename T>
void swap(T& lhs,T& rhs)
{
T tmp = lhs;
lhs = rhs;
rhs = tmp;
}
template <typename T>
class vector
{
private:
unsigned int dataSize;
unsigned int reserved;
T* data;
public:
~vector()
{
for(unsigned int loop = 0; loop < dataSize; ++loop)
{
// Because we use placement new we must explicitly destroy all members.
data[loop].~T();
}
free(data);
}
vector()
: dataSize(0)
, reserved(10)
, data(NULL)
{
reserve(reserved);
}
vector(const vector<T> &other)
: dataSize(0)
, reserved(other.dataSize)
, data(NULL)
{
reserve(reserved);
dataSize = reserved;
for(unsigned int loop;loop < dataSize;++loop)
{
// Because we are using malloc/free
// We need to use placement new to add items to the data
// This way they are constructed in place
new (&data[loop]) T(other.data[loop]);
}
}
vector(unsigned int init_num)
: dataSize(0)
, reserved(init_num)
, data(NULL)
{
reserve(reserved);
dataSize = reserved;
for(unsigned int loop;loop < dataSize;++loop)
{
// See above
new (&data[loop]) T();
}
}
const vector<T>& operator= (vector<T> x)
{
// use copy and swap idiom.
// Note the pass by value to initiate the copy
swap(dataSize, x.dataSize);
swap(reserved, x.rserved);
swap(data, x.data);
return *this;
}
void reserve(unsigned int new_size)
{
if (new_size < reserved)
{ return;
}
T* newData = (T*)malloc(sizeof(T) * new_size);
if (!newData)
{ throw int(2);
}
for(unsigned int loop = 0; loop < dataSize; ++loop)
{
// Use placement new to copy the data
new (&newData[loop]) T(data[loop]);
}
swap(data, newData);
reserved = new_size;
for(unsigned int loop = 0; loop < dataSize; ++loop)
{
// Call the destructor on old data before freeing the container.
// Remember we just did a swap.
newData[loop].~T();
}
free(newData);
}
void push_back(const T &item)
{
if (dataSize == reserved)
{
reserve(reserved * 2);
}
// Place the item in the container
new (&data[dataSize++]) T(item);
}
unsigned int size() const {return dataSize;}
bool empty() const {return dataSize == 0;}
// Operator[] should NOT check the value of i
// Add a method called at() that does check i
const T& operator[] (unsigned i) const {return data[i];}
T& operator[] (unsigned i) {return data[i];}
void insert(unsigned int pos, const T& value)
{
if (pos >= dataSize) { throw int(1);}
if (dataSize == reserved)
{
reserve(reserved * 2);
}
// Move the last item (which needs to be constructed correctly)
if (dataSize != 0)
{
new (&data[dataSize]) T(data[dataSize-1]);
}
for(unsigned int loop = dataSize - 1; loop > pos; --loop)
{
data[loop] = data[loop-1];
}
++dataSize;
// All items have been moved up.
// Put value in its place
data[pos] = value;
}
void clear() { erase(0, dataSize);}
void erase(unsigned int erase_index) { erase(erase_index,erase_index+1);}
void erase(unsigned int start, unsigned int end) /* end NOT inclusive so => [start, end) */
{
if (end > dataSize)
{ end = dataSize;
}
if (start > end)
{ start = end;
}
unsigned int dst = start;
unsigned int src = end;
for(;(src < dataSize) && (dst < end);++dst, ++src)
{
// Move Elements down;
data[dst] = data[src];
}
unsigned int count = start - end;
for(;count != 0; --count)
{
// Remove old Elements
--dataSize;
// Remember we need to manually call the destructor
data[dataSize].~T();
}
}
unsigned int begin() const {return 0;}
}; //class vector
答案 1 :(得分：2)
使用当前的内存处理，此向量仅适用于普通的旧数据类型。
要处理所有类型，必须确保对象
答案 2 :(得分：1)
看起来答案可以在你的问题中找到：＆＃34;当返回对象引用时，调用方法并且程序段错误。它似乎找不到这种方法，最终在GDB的main_arena（）中。对象的类型是继承的类。＆＃34;
你可能将基类实例T存储在向量中，但是为从T继承的类的实例制作push_back。在push_back {storage [_size] = T（item）;}中你进行了转换（实际上是复制构造函数T： T（const T＆amp;））项到T（这可能命名为＆＃39; type cut＆＃39;），然后引用T并使用T的虚拟表调用从T继承的类的方法，其中方法不是定义了/抽象。我对吗？ 要使其正常工作，您应将T *放在向量或shared_ptr / unique_ptr中，具体取决于您应用于向量元素的所有权条款。 通常在向量中，您只能存储POD（普通旧数据）类型。