Question

我有一个库基类（Controller）和三个继承自Controller（Sensor，Output和Environment）的子类，其中：

public class Controller
{
   private SerialPort serial;
   private Sensor sensorSettings;
   private Output outputSettings;
   private Environment environmentSettings;       


   protected Dictionary<int, string> ErrorDescriptions
   { get{ this.errorDescriptions; } }

   protected SerialPort ControllerSerialPort
   { get{ this.serial; } }

   protected Sensor SensorSettings
   { get{ this.sensorSettings; } }

   // The other sub-class get properties.

   protected string SendReceive(string controllerCommand)
   { ... }

   ...
 }

 public class Sensor : Controller {...}
 ... // Other sub-classes

我的问题是：我应该errorDescriptions静态吗？这些错误描述不会从控制器更改为控制器（即静态），但我不确定继承的类中会发生什么。我是否必须在Sensor.errorDescription课程中将其称为Sensor，还是Controller.errorDescription？

修改

哇，我刚刚意识到我搞砸了很多时间。应该是这样的，我想：

private abstract class ControllerBasics
{
   protected SerialPort serial;  // The serial port to communicate with the controller.
   protected Dictionary<int, string> errorDescriptions = new Dictionary<int, string> {...};   // Possible errors for the controller (known and fixed). Won't change from controller to controller.
   public enum Sensors {One, Two, ...};   // Possible sensor selection.

   public string SendReceiveCommand(string command){...} // Method to send string command over "serial".       
}

public class OverallController : ControllerBasics // The controller class.
{       
   // Add top-level controller settings.
   private string controllerName = "Controller1"; // Have a property to get/set.
   private bool controllerON; // Controller on/off. Have property to get/set.
   ... // Other similar fields and methods.

   // Used to "sort" the controller's many settings/functions.
   private SensorSettings sensorSettings;  // Have get/set properties for these so I could do the following: overallControllerInstance.GetSensorSettingsProperty.SetActiveSensorCount(5);
   private OutputSettings outputSettings;
   private EnvironmentSettings environmentSettings;

   public OverallController(string name, string comPort, ...)  // Constructor.
   {
      // Basic settings initialization.
      // Create serial port.
      this.sensorSettings = new SensorSettings(this.serial);
      this.outputSettings = ...
}

public class SensorSettings : ControllerBasics // Class to hold the controller's specific sensor settings and their respective get/set methods. Not a new type of controller.
{
   private int activeSensorCount; // Have public method to get/set.
   ... // Others.

  public void SetActiveSensorCount(int sensorCount)
  {
     // Send command using inherited SendReceive().
  }
  ... // Others.
}

public class OutputSettings : ControllerBasics   // Same logic as SensorSettings.
{
   private string units; // Have public method to get/set.
   ... // Others.

  public string GetUnitType()  // Meters, mm, um...
  {
     // Send command using inherited SendReceive().
  }
  ... // Others.
}

public class EnvironmentSettings : ControllerBasics   // Same logic as SensorSettings.
{
   ...
}

因此，如果errorDescriptions中定义的ControllerBasics已知并且已修复（并且在所有派生类中都是必需的），我应该将其设置为静态，还是应该保护它，并且每个派生类都将拥有它自己的字典（即this.errorDescriptions）？

Answer 1

只有一个静态变量，但是你有很多子类。它是否意味着根据子类而变化，还是真正一个全局映射？如果是后者，那么静态变量是合适的。如果不是......那么，有各种选择，但你需要告诉我们你正在使用地图。

Answer 2

好吧，派生类不会显示私有成员。您需要受保护的成员或财产。在类中，您可以将其称为errorDescriptions或this.errorDescriptions。

我非常担心有一个静态的，受保护的成员变量，它不是线程安全的，可以被派生类变异。那只是在寻找麻烦。

Answer 3

如果您只需要一个字典实例而不是yes，请将其更改为protected static。此外，您应该使用ConcurrentDictionary代替线程安全。

在派生类中，您可以使用Controller.errorDescription

访问该字段

C＃继承：静态与非静态字段

3 个答案: