如何用Java表示范围?

时间:2011-10-11 04:19:25

标签: java

假设整数应该在以下范围内:[0...2147483647]

我想检查整数变量是否在此范围内。我知道它可以通过简单的if-else语句来完成,但有没有更有效的方法来检查它是否在范围内?

我宁愿不这样做:

if (foo >= 0 && foo <= 2147483647) 
{
    // do something
}

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:42)

Apache Commons Lang有Range class用于执行任意范围。

Range<Integer> test = Range.between(1, 3);
System.out.println(test.contains(2));
System.out.println(test.contains(4));

Guava Range有类似的API。

如果您只是想检查一个数字是否适合长值或int值,您可以尝试通过BigDecimal使用它。 longValueExactintValueExact有一些方法,如果值对于那些精度而言太大,则抛出异常。

答案 1 :(得分:17)

您可以创建一个类来表示此

public class Range
{
    private int low;
    private int high;

    public Range(int low, int high){
        this.low = low;
        this.high = high;
    }

    public boolean contains(int number){
        return (number >= low && number <= high);
    }
}

样本用法:

Range range = new Range(0, 2147483647);

if (range.contains(foo)) {
    //do something
}

答案 2 :(得分:7)

我知道这是一个很老的问题,但是使用Java 8的Streams,您可以得到一系列int这样的内容:

// gives an IntStream of integers from 0 through Integer.MAX_VALUE
IntStream.rangeClosed(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE); 

然后你可以这样做:

if (IntStream.rangeClosed(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE).matchAny(n -> n == A)) {
    // do something
} else {
    // do something else 
}

答案 3 :(得分:6)

如果你要检查很多间隔,我建议使用interval tree

答案 4 :(得分:4)

您可以使用接受java.time.temporal.ValueRange的{​​{1}},也可以使用long

int

答案 5 :(得分:2)

无论你如何有效地优化这种不那么密集的计算,你都会有一个if-check :)你可以从数字中减去上限,如果它是正数,你知道你已经超出了范围。您可以执行一些布尔位移逻辑来计算出来,如果您愿意,您甚至可以使用Fermat定理(开玩笑:)但关键是“为什么”您需要优化此比较?目的是什么?

答案 6 :(得分:1)

对于Comparable的范围,我使用以下内容:

public class Range<T extends Comparable<T>> {

    /**
     * Include start, end in {@link Range}
     */
    public enum Inclusive {START,END,BOTH,NONE }

    /**
     * {@link Range} start and end values
     */
    private T start, end;
    private Inclusive inclusive;

    /**
     * Create a range with {@link Inclusive#START}
     * @param start
     *<br/> Not null safe
     * @param end
     *<br/> Not null safe
     */
    public Range(T start, T end) {  this(start, end, null); }

    /**
     * @param start
     *<br/> Not null safe
     * @param end
     *<br/> Not null safe
     *@param inclusive
     *<br/>If null {@link Inclusive#START} used
     */
    public Range(T start, T end, Inclusive inclusive) {

        if((start == null) || (end == null)) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Invalid null start / end value");
        }
        setInclusive(inclusive);

        if( isBigger(start, end) ) {
            this.start = end;   this.end   = start;
        }else {
            this.start = start;  this.end   = end;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Convenience method
     */
    public boolean isBigger(T t1, T t2) { return t1.compareTo(t2) > 0; }

    /**
     * Convenience method
     */
    public boolean isSmaller(T t1, T t2) { return t1.compareTo(t2) < 0; }

    /**
     * Check if this {@link Range} contains t
     *@param t
     *<br/>Not null safe
     *@return
     *false for any value of t, if this.start equals this.end
     */
    public boolean contains(T t) { return contains(t, inclusive); }

    /**
     * Check if this {@link Range} contains t
     *@param t
     *<br/>Not null safe
     *@param inclusive
     *<br/>If null {@link Range#inclusive} used
     *@return
     *false for any value of t, if this.start equals this.end
     */
    public boolean contains(T t, Inclusive inclusive) {

        if(t == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException("Invalid null value");
        }

        inclusive = (inclusive == null) ? this.inclusive : inclusive;

        switch (inclusive) {
            case NONE:
                return ( isBigger(t, start) && isSmaller(t, end) );
            case BOTH:
                return ( ! isBigger(start, t)  && ! isBigger(t, end) ) ;
            case START: default:
                return ( ! isBigger(start, t)  &&  isBigger(end, t) ) ;
            case END:
                return ( isBigger(t, start)  &&  ! isBigger(t, end) ) ;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Check if this {@link Range} contains other range
     * @return
     * false for any value of range, if this.start equals this.end
     */
    public boolean contains(Range<T> range) {
        return contains(range.start) && contains(range.end);
    }

    /**
     * Check if this {@link Range} intersects with other range
     * @return
     * false for any value of range, if this.start equals this.end
     */
    public boolean intersects(Range<T> range) {
        return contains(range.start) || contains(range.end);
    }

    /**
    * Get {@link #start}
    */
    public T getStart() { return start; }

    /**
    * Set {@link #start}
    * <br/>Not null safe
    * <br/>If start > end they are switched
    */
    public Range<T> setStart(T start) {

        if(start.compareTo(end)>0) {
            this.start = end;
            this.end  = start;
        }else {
            this.start = start;
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
    * Get {@link #end}
    */
    public T getEnd() {  return end;  }

    /**
    * Set {@link #end}
    * <br/>Not null safe
    *  <br/>If start > end they are switched
    */
    public  Range<T> setEnd(T end) {

        if(start.compareTo(end)>0) {
            this.end  = start;
            this.start = end;
        }else {
            this.end = end;
        }
        return this;
    }

    /**
    * Get {@link #inclusive}
    */
    public Inclusive getInclusive() { return inclusive; }

    /**
    * Set {@link #inclusive}
    * @param inclusive
    *<br/>If null {@link Inclusive#START} used
    */
    public  Range<T> setInclusive(Inclusive inclusive) {

        this.inclusive = (inclusive == null) ? Inclusive.START : inclusive;
        return this;
    }
}

(这是一个有点短的版本。完整代码可用here

答案 7 :(得分:0)

import java.util.Arrays;

class Soft{
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int[] nums=range(9, 12);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
    }
    static int[] range(int low, int high){
        int[] a=new int[high-low];
        for(int i=0,j=low;i<high-low;i++,j++){
            a[i]=j;
        }
        return a;

    }
}

我的代码类似于Python的范围:)

答案 8 :(得分:0)

如果您使用 Spring,则可以依赖 org.springframework.data.domain,它非常完整,包括绑定和未绑定范围。