如果我有一个类似于这样的MySQL表:
company_name action pagecount ------------------------------- Company A PRINT 3 Company A PRINT 2 Company A PRINT 3 Company B EMAIL Company B PRINT 2 Company B PRINT 2 Company B PRINT 1 Company A PRINT 3
是否可以运行MySQL查询以获得如下输出:
company_name EMAIL PRINT 1 pages PRINT 2 pages PRINT 3 pages ------------------------------------------------------------- CompanyA 0 0 1 3 CompanyB 1 1 2 0
我的想法是pagecount
可能会有所不同,因此输出列数量应该反映出来,每个action
/ pagecount
对的一列,然后是每company_name
次点击次数。我不确定这是否被称为数据透视表,但有人建议?
答案 0 :(得分:218)
这基本上是一个数据透视表。
有关如何实现这一目标的精彩教程,请访问:http://www.artfulsoftware.com/infotree/qrytip.php?id=78
我建议阅读这篇文章并根据您的需求调整此解决方案。
<强> 更新 强>
在上面的链接目前不再可用之后,我觉得有必要为所有在这里搜索mysql pivot答案的人提供一些额外的信息。它真的有大量的信息,我不会把这里的所有东西都放在这里(更多因为我不想复制他们丰富的知识),但我会就如何处理枢轴给出一些建议以sql的方式表示一般来自peku的例子,他们首先提出问题。
也许链接很快就会回来,我会留意它。
电子表格方式......
许多人只是为此目的使用MSExcel,OpenOffice或其他电子表格工具等工具。这是一个有效的解决方案,只需复制那里的数据并使用GUI提供的工具来解决这个问题。
但是......这不是问题,它甚至可能导致一些缺点,例如如何将数据导入电子表格,有问题的缩放等等。
SQL方式......
鉴于他的表看起来像这样:
CREATE TABLE `test_pivot` (
`pid` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`company_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
`action` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL,
`pagecount` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`pid`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;
现在看看他/她想要的桌子:
company_name EMAIL PRINT 1 pages PRINT 2 pages PRINT 3 pages
-------------------------------------------------------------
CompanyA 0 0 1 3
CompanyB 1 1 2 0
行(EMAIL
,PRINT x pages
)类似于条件。主要分组是company_name
。
为了设置条件,这个使用CASE
语句而是大声呼喊。为了按某种方式进行分组,请使用... GROUP BY
。
提供此数据透视的基本SQL可能如下所示:
SELECT P.`company_name`,
COUNT(
CASE
WHEN P.`action`='EMAIL'
THEN 1
ELSE NULL
END
) AS 'EMAIL',
COUNT(
CASE
WHEN P.`action`='PRINT' AND P.`pagecount` = '1'
THEN P.`pagecount`
ELSE NULL
END
) AS 'PRINT 1 pages',
COUNT(
CASE
WHEN P.`action`='PRINT' AND P.`pagecount` = '2'
THEN P.`pagecount`
ELSE NULL
END
) AS 'PRINT 2 pages',
COUNT(
CASE
WHEN P.`action`='PRINT' AND P.`pagecount` = '3'
THEN P.`pagecount`
ELSE NULL
END
) AS 'PRINT 3 pages'
FROM test_pivot P
GROUP BY P.`company_name`;
这应该能够非常快速地提供所需的结果。这种方法的主要缺点是,您在数据透视表中需要的行数越多,您需要在SQL语句中定义的条件就越多。
这也可以处理,因此人们倾向于使用准备好的陈述,例程,计数器等。
关于此主题的一些其他链接:
答案 1 :(得分:75)
我的解决方案是在T-SQL中没有任何支点:
SELECT
CompanyName,
SUM(CASE WHEN (action='EMAIL') THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Email,
SUM(CASE WHEN (action='PRINT' AND pagecount=1) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Print1Pages,
SUM(CASE WHEN (action='PRINT' AND pagecount=2) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Print2Pages,
SUM(CASE WHEN (action='PRINT' AND pagecount=3) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS Print3Pages
FROM
Company
GROUP BY
CompanyName
答案 2 :(得分:61)
对于MySQL,您可以直接在SUM()
函数中添加条件,它将评估为布尔0
或1
,因此您可以根据根据您的条件,不使用IF/CASE
语句
SELECT
company_name,
SUM(action = 'EMAIL')AS Email,
SUM(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 1)AS Print1Pages,
SUM(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 2)AS Print2Pages,
SUM(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 3)AS Print3Pages
FROM t
GROUP BY company_name
DEMO
答案 3 :(得分:32)
对于动态数据透视,请将GROUP_CONCAT
与CONCAT
一起使用。
GROUP_CONCAT函数将一个组中的字符串连接成一个带有各种选项的字符串。
SET @sql = NULL;
SELECT
GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
CONCAT(
'SUM(CASE WHEN action = "',
action,'" AND ',
(CASE WHEN pagecount IS NOT NULL
THEN CONCAT("pagecount = ",pagecount)
ELSE pagecount IS NULL END),
' THEN 1 ELSE 0 end) AS ',
action, IFNULL(pagecount,'')
)
)
INTO @sql
FROM
t;
SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT company_name, ', @sql, '
FROM t
GROUP BY company_name');
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
<强> DEMO HERE 强>
答案 4 :(得分:21)
使用boolean logic的 stardard-SQL 版本:
SELECT company_name
, COUNT(action = 'EMAIL' OR NULL) AS "Email"
, COUNT(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 1 OR NULL) AS "Print 1 pages"
, COUNT(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 2 OR NULL) AS "Print 2 pages"
, COUNT(action = 'PRINT' AND pagecount = 3 OR NULL) AS "Print 3 pages"
FROM tbl
GROUP BY company_name;
如何?
TRUE OR NULL
收益TRUE
FALSE OR NULL
会产生NULL
NULL OR NULL
会产生NULL
并且COUNT
仅计算非空值。瞧。
答案 5 :(得分:10)
有一个名为MySQL Pivot表生成器的工具,它可以帮助您创建基于Web的数据透视表,以后可以导出到excel(如果您愿意)。如果您的数据位于单个表或多个表中,它可以工作。
您需要做的就是指定列的数据源(它支持动态列),行,表的主体中的值和表关系(如果有的话)
此工具的主页为http://mysqlpivottable.net
答案 6 :(得分:8)
正确答案是:
select table_record_id,
group_concat(if(value_name='note', value_text, NULL)) as note
,group_concat(if(value_name='hire_date', value_text, NULL)) as hire_date
,group_concat(if(value_name='termination_date', value_text, NULL)) as termination_date
,group_concat(if(value_name='department', value_text, NULL)) as department
,group_concat(if(value_name='reporting_to', value_text, NULL)) as reporting_to
,group_concat(if(value_name='shift_start_time', value_text, NULL)) as shift_start_time
,group_concat(if(value_name='shift_end_time', value_text, NULL)) as shift_end_time
from other_value
where table_name = 'employee'
and is_active = 'y'
and is_deleted = 'n'
GROUP BY table_record_id
答案 7 :(得分:3)
select t3.name, sum(t3.prod_A) as Prod_A, sum(t3.prod_B) as Prod_B, sum(t3.prod_C) as Prod_C, sum(t3.prod_D) as Prod_D, sum(t3.prod_E) as Prod_E
from
(select t2.name as name,
case when t2.prodid = 1 then t2.counts
else 0 end prod_A,
case when t2.prodid = 2 then t2.counts
else 0 end prod_B,
case when t2.prodid = 3 then t2.counts
else 0 end prod_C,
case when t2.prodid = 4 then t2.counts
else 0 end prod_D,
case when t2.prodid = "5" then t2.counts
else 0 end prod_E
from
(SELECT partners.name as name, sales.products_id as prodid, count(products.name) as counts
FROM test.sales left outer join test.partners on sales.partners_id = partners.id
left outer join test.products on sales.products_id = products.id
where sales.partners_id = partners.id and sales.products_id = products.id group by partners.name, prodid) t2) t3
group by t3.name ;
答案 8 :(得分:0)
一种选择是组合使用 CASE..WHEN
语句是多余的,用于MySQL数据库的聚合,并动态考虑所需的查询生成< / strong>,以及为结果集 获取正确的列标题 ,如以下代码块所示:
SET @sql = NULL;
SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(
CONCAT('SUM( `action` = ''', action, '''',pc0,' ) AS ',action,pc1)
)
INTO @sql
FROM
(
SELECT DISTINCT `action`,
IF(`pagecount` IS NULL,'',CONCAT('page',`pagecount`)) AS pc1,
IF(`pagecount` IS NULL,'',CONCAT(' AND `pagecount` = ', pagecount, '')) AS pc0
FROM `tab`
ORDER BY CONCAT(action,pc0)
) t;
SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT company_name,',@sql,' FROM `tab` GROUP BY company_name');
SELECT @sql;
PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
答案 9 :(得分:0)
SELECT company_name, SUM(CASE WHEN ACTION = 'Email' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS "Email",
SUM(CASE WHEN ACTION = 'Print' AND pagecount = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS "print 1 PAGE",
SUM(CASE WHEN ACTION = 'Print' AND pagecount = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS "print 2 PAGE",
SUM(CASE WHEN ACTION = 'Print' AND pagecount = 3 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS "print 2 PAGE"
FROM test1 GROUP BY company_name;