当我使用Java API生成RSA密钥对时,公钥以X.509格式编码,私钥以PKCS#8格式编码。我希望将它们编码为PKCS#1。这可能吗?我花了相当多的时间浏览Java文档,但还没有找到解决方案。当我使用Java和Bouncy Castle提供程序时,结果是一样的。
以下是代码片段:
KeyPairGenerator keygen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA","BC");
keygen.initialize(1024);
KeyPair pair = keygen.generateKeyPair();
PrivateKey priv = pair.getPrivate();
PublicKey pub = pair.getPublic();
byte[] privBytes = priv.getEncoded();
byte[] pubBytes = pub.getEncoded();
两个结果字节数组的格式为X.509(公共)和PKCS#8(私有)。
非常感谢任何帮助。有一些类似的帖子,但没有一个真正回答我的问题。
谢谢
答案 0 :(得分:22)
你需要BouncyCastle:
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Encodable;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Primitive;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.pkcs.PrivateKeyInfo;
import org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.SubjectPublicKeyInfo;
import org.bouncycastle.util.io.pem.PemObject;
import org.bouncycastle.util.io.pem.PemWriter;
下面的代码片段已经过检查,发现可与Bouncy Castle 1.52一起使用。
将私钥从PKCS8转换为PKCS1:
PrivateKey priv = pair.getPrivate();
byte[] privBytes = priv.getEncoded();
PrivateKeyInfo pkInfo = PrivateKeyInfo.getInstance(privBytes);
ASN1Encodable encodable = pkInfo.parsePrivateKey();
ASN1Primitive primitive = encodable.toASN1Primitive();
byte[] privateKeyPKCS1 = primitive.getEncoded();
将PKCS1中的私钥转换为PEM:
PemObject pemObject = new PemObject("RSA PRIVATE KEY", privateKeyPKCS1);
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PemWriter pemWriter = new PemWriter(stringWriter);
pemWriter.writeObject(pemObject);
pemWriter.close();
String pemString = stringWriter.toString();
使用命令行OpenSSL检查密钥格式是否符合预期:
openssl rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -noout -text
将公钥从X.509 SubjectPublicKeyInfo转换为PKCS1:
PublicKey pub = pair.getPublic();
byte[] pubBytes = pub.getEncoded();
SubjectPublicKeyInfo spkInfo = SubjectPublicKeyInfo.getInstance(pubBytes);
ASN1Primitive primitive = spkInfo.parsePublicKey();
byte[] publicKeyPKCS1 = primitive.getEncoded();
将PKCS1中的公钥转换为PEM:
PemObject pemObject = new PemObject("RSA PUBLIC KEY", publicKeyPKCS1);
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
PemWriter pemWriter = new PemWriter(stringWriter);
pemWriter.writeObject(pemObject);
pemWriter.close();
String pemString = stringWriter.toString();
使用命令行OpenSSL检查密钥格式是否符合预期:
openssl rsa -in rsa_public_key.pem -RSAPublicKey_in -noout -text
非常感谢以下帖子的作者:
这些帖子包含有用但有时过时的信息(即旧版本的BouncyCastle),这有助于我构建这篇文章。
答案 1 :(得分:5)
从RFC5208开始,PKCS#8未加密格式由PrivateKeyInfo
结构组成:
PrivateKeyInfo ::= SEQUENCE { version Version, privateKeyAlgorithm PrivateKeyAlgorithmIdentifier, privateKey PrivateKey, attributes [0] IMPLICIT Attributes OPTIONAL }
其中privateKey
是:
“...一个八位字符串,其内容是私钥的值。内容的解释在私钥算法的注册中定义。例如,对于RSA私钥,内容是BER编码RSAPrivateKey类型的值。“
这个RSAPrivateKey
结构只是密钥的PKCS#1编码,我们可以使用BouncyCastle提取:
// pkcs8Bytes contains PKCS#8 DER-encoded key as a byte[]
PrivateKeyInfo pki = PrivateKeyInfo.getInstance(pkcs8Bytes);
RSAPrivateKeyStructure pkcs1Key = RSAPrivateKeyStructure.getInstance(
pki.getPrivateKey());
byte[] pkcs1Bytes = pkcs1Key.getEncoded(); // etc.
答案 2 :(得分:0)
我写了一个C程序,将pkcs8私钥转换为pkcs1。它有效!
/*****************************************
convert pkcs8 private key file to pkcs1
2013-1-25 Larry Wu created
****************************************/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <openssl/rsa.h>
#include <openssl/bio.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/pem.h>
#include <openssl/engine.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#define MY_TRACE_ERROR printf
/*
gcc -Wall -o pkcs_8to1 pkcs_8to1.cpp -g -lstdc++ -lcrypto -lssl
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
EVP_PKEY * pkey = NULL;
string kin_fname;
FILE *kin_file = NULL;
string kout_fname;
FILE *kout_file = NULL;
// param
if(argc != 3)
{
printf("Usage: %s <pkcs8_key_file> <pkcs1_key_file>\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
kin_fname = argv[1];
kout_fname = argv[2];
// init
OpenSSL_add_all_digests();
ERR_load_crypto_strings();
// read key
if((kin_file = fopen(kin_fname.c_str(), "r")) == NULL)
{
MY_TRACE_ERROR("kin_fname open fail:%s\n", kin_fname.c_str());
return 1;
}
if ((pkey = PEM_read_PrivateKey(kin_file, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL)
{
ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
MY_TRACE_ERROR("PEM_read_PrivateKey fail\n");
fclose(kin_file);
return 2;
}
// write key
if((kout_file = fopen(kout_fname.c_str(), "w")) == NULL)
{
MY_TRACE_ERROR("kout_fname open fail:%s\n", kout_fname.c_str());
return 1;
}
if (!PEM_write_PrivateKey(kout_file, pkey, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL))
{
ERR_print_errors_fp(stderr);
MY_TRACE_ERROR("PEM_read_PrivateKey fail\n");
fclose(kout_file);
return 2;
}
// clean
fclose(kin_file);
fclose(kout_file);
EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
return 0;
}
答案 3 :(得分:-1)
BouncyCastle框架有一个PKCS1编码器来解决这个问题:http://www.bouncycastle.org/docs/docs1.6/index.html
答案 4 :(得分:-1)
我试图使用移植到BlackBerry的BountyCastle J2ME库以DER格式生成OpenSSL友好的RSA公钥,我的代码:
public void testMe() throws Exception {
RSAKeyPairGenerator generator = new RSAKeyPairGenerator();
generator.init(new RSAKeyGenerationParameters(BigInteger.valueOf(0x10001),
new SecureRandom(), 512, 80));
AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = generator.generateKeyPair();
RSAKeyParameters params = (RSAKeyParameters) keyPair.getPublic();
RSAPublicKeyStructure struct = new RSAPublicKeyStructure(params.getModulus(),
params.getExponent());
SubjectPublicKeyInfo info =
new SubjectPublicKeyInfo(new AlgorithmIdentifier("1.2.840.113549.1.1.1"),
struct);
byte[] bytes = info.getDEREncoded();
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("/tmp/test.der");
out.write(bytes);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
Key仍然不正确:
$ openssl asn1parse -in test.der -inform DER -i
0:d=0 hl=2 l= 90 cons: SEQUENCE
2:d=1 hl=2 l= 11 cons: SEQUENCE
4:d=2 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :rsaEncryption
15:d=1 hl=2 l= 75 prim: BIT STRING
我更改了org.bouncycastle.asn1.x509.AlgorithmIdentifier
public AlgorithmIdentifier(
String objectId)
{
this.objectId = new DERObjectIdentifier(objectId);
// This line has been added
this.parametersDefined = true;
}
现在有了很好的钥匙:
$ openssl asn1parse -in test.der -inform DER -i
0:d=0 hl=2 l= 92 cons: SEQUENCE
2:d=1 hl=2 l= 13 cons: SEQUENCE
4:d=2 hl=2 l= 9 prim: OBJECT :rsaEncryption
15:d=2 hl=2 l= 0 prim: NULL
17:d=1 hl=2 l= 75 prim: BIT STRING
可用于加密:
$ echo "123" | openssl rsautl -pubin -inkey test.der -encrypt -keyform DER -out y
$ wc -c y
64 y
答案 5 :(得分:-1)
我知道这是老帖子。但我花了两天时间来解决这个问题,最后发现BouncyCastle可以做到这一点
ASN1Encodable
http://www.bouncycastle.org/docs/docs1.5on/org/bouncycastle/asn1/ASN1Encodable.html