Question

是否可以使用HTTP POST下载文件？我知道“获取”方式（windows.location），但在我的情况下，有很多param应该传递给服务器

Answer 1

是的，POST请求的其余部分可以指示浏览器下载文件。文件内容将作为HTTP响应发送，与GET情况相同。

Answer 2

看起来你想从Javascript生成POST请求。我相信没有办法让浏览器将AJAX请求的结果视为下载。即使Content-Type设置为浏览器通常提供的下载（例如“application / octet-stream”），浏览器也只会将数据存入XMLHttpRequest对象。

此外，您可能已经知道，没有办法让window.open（）发出POST请求。

我认为最好的方法是制作一个AJAX请求，在服务器上生成一个文件。在浏览器上，当该请求完成时，使用window.open（）下载生成的文件。

Answer 3

你的意思是这样吗？

    function IssuePostRequest(objData) 
    {
        var strPageURL = "about:blank";
        var strAction = "@Url.Action("GetPDF", "Home")/";
        //var strAction = "/popups/delete.aspx";

        var strWindowName = "MyEvilHttpPostInAnewWindow"; // ifrmDownload
        var iWindowWidth = 805;
        var iWindowHeight = 625;



        var form = document.createElement("form");
        form.setAttribute("id", "bla");
        form.setAttribute("method", "post");
        form.setAttribute("action", strAction);
        form.setAttribute("target", strWindowName);
        form.setAttribute("style", "display: none;");
        // setting form target to a window named 'formresult'


        // Repeat for all data fields
        var hiddenField = document.createElement("input");
        hiddenField.setAttribute("name", "data");
        hiddenField.setAttribute("value", objData);
        form.appendChild(hiddenField);
        // End Repeat for all data fields


        document.body.appendChild(form);



        // creating the 'formresult' window with custom features prior to submitting the form
        //window.open(test.html, 'formresult', 'scrollbars=no,menubar=no,height=600,width=800,resizable=yes,toolbar=no,status=no');
        //JS_PopupCenterScreen(strPageURL, strWindowName, iWindowWidth, iWindowHeight);
        window.open(strPageURL, strWindowName);

        // document.forms[0].submit();
        //document.getElementById("xxx").click();
        form.submit();
    } // End Function IssuePostRequest

使用此服务器代码：

    public FileResult GetPDF(string data)
    {
        //data = @"data:image/png;base64,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";

        string base64Data = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Match(data, @"data:image/(?<type>.+?),(?<data>.+)").Groups["data"].Value;
        byte[] binData = Convert.FromBase64String(base64Data);

        byte[] ba = PdfHandler.ImageToPdf(binData);
        //System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes(@"d:\temp\myba.pdf", ba);

        //return System.Convert.ToBase64String(ba);
        return File(ba, "application/pdf", "Chart.pdf");
    }

Answer 4

在某种意义上，每个HTTP GET或POST都是“下载文件”，但最好将其视为消息有效负载而不是文件。在大多数情况下，有效负载是HTML文档，浏览器应将其呈现为网页。但是，如果它不是HTML文档呢？如果它是一个zip文件，浏览器应该为用户提供“另存为”对话框怎么办？显然，浏览器必须确定响应的内容类型并正确处理它。

浏览器确定内容类型的最常见方式之一是通过HTTP header调用，相应地称为“内容类型”。此标头采用mime类型的值。这是浏览器执行内容特定事务的关键，例如在响应包含pdf文件时启动acrobat插件等。

注意，并非所有浏览器1）都以相同的方式确定内容类型，2）以相同的方式对内容类型做出反应。有时您必须设置标题以获得所有浏览器所需的行为。所有服务器端技术都允许您设置HTTP标头。

Answer 5

除了请求方法以及如何将数据发送到服务器之外，没有区别。无论您使用GET还是POST，处理响应的方式都是相同的。

Answer 6

我设法用这个来解决它：

<强> service.js

downloadExcel : function() {
    var mapForm = document.createElement("form");
    mapForm.target ="_self"||"_blank";
    mapForm.id="stmtForm";
    mapForm.method = "POST";
    mapForm.action = "your_Controller_URL";

    var mapInput = document.createElement("input");
    mapInput.type = "hidden";
    mapInput.name = "Data";
    mapForm.appendChild(mapInput);
    document.body.appendChild(mapForm);

    mapForm.submit();
}

Spring Controller Code：

@Controller

@PostMapping(value = "/your_Controller_URL")
    public void doDownloadEmsTemplate( final HttpServletRequest request, final HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException, URISyntaxException {

        String filePath = "/location/zzzz.xls";
        logger.info("Excel Template File Location Path :" + filePath);
        final int BUFFER_SIZE = 4096;
        ServletContext context = request.getServletContext();
        String appPath = context.getRealPath("");
        String fullPath = appPath + filePath;
        File downloadFile = new File(fullPath);
        FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(downloadFile);
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(fullPath);
        if (mimeType == null) {
            //mimeType = "application/octet-stream";
            mimeType = "application/vnd.ms-excel";
        }
        logger.info("MIME type: " + mimeType);
        response.setContentType(mimeType);
        response.setContentLength((int) downloadFile.length());
        String headerKey = "Content-Disposition";
        String headerValue = String.format("attachment; filename=\"%s\"", downloadFile.getName());
        logger.info("File Download Successfully : ");
        response.setHeader(headerKey, headerValue);
        OutputStream outStream = response.getOutputStream();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
        int bytesRead = -1;
        while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            outStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        }
        inputStream.close();
        outStream.close();
    }

是否可以使用HTTP POST下载文件？

6 个答案: