Question

我有一个带有指定架构位置的XML文件，例如：

xsi:schemaLocation="someurl ..\localSchemaPath.xsd"

我想在C＃中验证。 Visual Studio，当我打开文件时，根据模式验证它并完美地列出错误。但不知何故，我似乎无法在C＃中自动验证它，而没有像这样指定要验证的模式：

XmlDocument asset = new XmlDocument();

XmlTextReader schemaReader = new XmlTextReader("relativeSchemaPath");
XmlSchema schema = XmlSchema.Read(schemaReader, SchemaValidationHandler);

asset.Schemas.Add(schema);

asset.Load(filename);
asset.Validate(DocumentValidationHandler);

我不应该自动使用XML文件中指定的模式进行验证吗？我错过了什么？

Answer 1

您需要创建一个XmlReaderSettings实例，并在创建它时将其传递给XmlReader。然后，您可以在设置中订阅ValidationEventHandler以接收验证错误。您的代码最终将如下所示：

using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.IO;

public class ValidXSD
{
    public static void Main()
    {

        // Set the validation settings.
        XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
        settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
        settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessInlineSchema;
        settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation;
        settings.ValidationFlags |= XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings;
        settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);

        // Create the XmlReader object.
        XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create("inlineSchema.xml", settings);

        // Parse the file. 
        while (reader.Read()) ;

    }
    // Display any warnings or errors.
    private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
    {
        if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
            Console.WriteLine("\tWarning: Matching schema not found.  No validation occurred." + args.Message);
        else
            Console.WriteLine("\tValidation error: " + args.Message);

    }
}

Answer 2

一种更简单的方法，如果您使用的是.NET 3.5，则使用XDocument和XmlSchemaSet验证。

XmlSchemaSet schemas = new XmlSchemaSet();
schemas.Add(schemaNamespace, schemaFileName);

XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(filename);
string msg = "";
doc.Validate(schemas, (o, e) => {
    msg += e.Message + Environment.NewLine;
});
Console.WriteLine(msg == "" ? "Document is valid" : "Document invalid: " + msg);

有关更多帮助，请参阅MSDN documentation。

Answer 3

以下example验证XML文件并生成相应的错误或警告。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;

public class Sample
{

    public static void Main()
    {
        //Load the XmlSchemaSet.
        XmlSchemaSet schemaSet = new XmlSchemaSet();
        schemaSet.Add("urn:bookstore-schema", "books.xsd");

        //Validate the file using the schema stored in the schema set.
        //Any elements belonging to the namespace "urn:cd-schema" generate
        //a warning because there is no schema matching that namespace.
        Validate("store.xml", schemaSet);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

    private static void Validate(String filename, XmlSchemaSet schemaSet)
    {
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("\r\nValidating XML file {0}...", filename.ToString());

        XmlSchema compiledSchema = null;

        foreach (XmlSchema schema in schemaSet.Schemas())
        {
            compiledSchema = schema;
        }

        XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
        settings.Schemas.Add(compiledSchema);
        settings.ValidationEventHandler += new ValidationEventHandler(ValidationCallBack);
        settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;

        //Create the schema validating reader.
        XmlReader vreader = XmlReader.Create(filename, settings);

        while (vreader.Read()) { }

        //Close the reader.
        vreader.Close();
    }

    //Display any warnings or errors.
    private static void ValidationCallBack(object sender, ValidationEventArgs args)
    {
        if (args.Severity == XmlSeverityType.Warning)
            Console.WriteLine("\tWarning: Matching schema not found.  No validation occurred." + args.Message);
        else
            Console.WriteLine("\tValidation error: " + args.Message);

    }
}

前面的示例使用以下输入文件。

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<bookstore xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema" xmlns:cd="urn:cd-schema">
  <book genre="novel">
    <title>The Confidence Man</title>
    <price>11.99</price>
  </book>
  <cd:cd>
    <title>Americana</title>
    <cd:artist>Offspring</cd:artist>
    <price>16.95</price>
  </cd:cd>
</bookstore>

books.xsd

<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns="urn:bookstore-schema"
    elementFormDefault="qualified"
    targetNamespace="urn:bookstore-schema">

 <xsd:element name="bookstore" type="bookstoreType"/>

 <xsd:complexType name="bookstoreType">
  <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
   <xsd:element name="book"  type="bookType"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
 </xsd:complexType>

 <xsd:complexType name="bookType">
  <xsd:sequence>
   <xsd:element name="title" type="xsd:string"/>
   <xsd:element name="author" type="authorName"/>
   <xsd:element name="price"  type="xsd:decimal"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
  <xsd:attribute name="genre" type="xsd:string"/>
 </xsd:complexType>

 <xsd:complexType name="authorName">
  <xsd:sequence>
   <xsd:element name="first-name"  type="xsd:string"/>
   <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
  </xsd:sequence>
 </xsd:complexType>

</xsd:schema>

Answer 4

我个人赞成在没有回调的情况下进行验证：

public bool ValidateSchema(string xmlPath, string xsdPath)
{
    XmlDocument xml = new XmlDocument();
    xml.Load(xmlPath);

    xml.Schemas.Add(null, xsdPath);

    try
    {
        xml.Validate(null);
    }
    catch (XmlSchemaValidationException)
    {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}

（参见Timiz0r在Synchronous XML Schema Validation? .NET 3.5中的帖子）

Answer 5

我在VB中进行过这种自动验证，这就是我的做法（转换为C＃）：

XmlReaderSettings settings = new XmlReaderSettings();
settings.ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema;
settings.ValidationFlags = settings.ValidationFlags |
                           Schema.XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation;
XmlReader XMLvalidator = XmlReader.Create(reader, settings);

然后我在阅读文件时订阅了settings.ValidationEventHandler事件。

在C＃中针对引用的XSD验证XML

5 个答案: