这看起来像是How do I abort a socket.recv() from another thread in Python的副本,但事实并非如此,因为我想在线程中中止recvfrom(),这是UDP,而不是TCP。
这可以通过poll()或select.select()来解决吗?
答案 0 :(得分:5)
如果要从另一个线程取消阻止UDP读取,请将其发送给数据报!
RGDS, 马丁
答案 1 :(得分:3)
处理这种异步中断的好方法是旧的C管道技巧。您可以在套接字和管道上创建管道并使用select
/ poll
:现在,当您需要中断接收器时,您只需将一个字符发送到管道。
interruptable_socket.py
import os
import socket
import select
class InterruptableUdpSocketReceiver(object):
def __init__(self, host, port):
self._host = host
self._port = port
self._socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
self._socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self._r_pipe, self._w_pipe = os.pipe()
self._interrupted = False
def bind(self):
self._socket.bind((self._host, self._port))
def recv(self, buffersize, flags=0):
if self._interrupted:
raise RuntimeError("Cannot be reused")
read, _w, errors = select.select([self._r_pipe, self._socket], [], [self._socket])
if self._socket in read:
return self._socket.recv(buffersize, flags)
return ""
def interrupt(self):
self._interrupted = True
os.write(self._w_pipe, "I".encode())
测试套件:
test_interruptable_socket.py
import socket
from threading import Timer
import time
from interruptable_socket import InterruptableUdpSocketReceiver
import unittest
class Sender(object):
def __init__(self, destination_host, destination_port):
self._socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM, socket.IPPROTO_UDP)
self._dest = (destination_host, destination_port)
def send(self, message):
self._socket.sendto(message, self._dest)
class Test(unittest.TestCase):
def create_receiver(self, host="127.0.0.1", port=3010):
receiver = InterruptableUdpSocketReceiver(host, port)
receiver.bind()
return receiver
def create_sender(self, host="127.0.0.1", port=3010):
return Sender(host, port)
def create_sender_receiver(self, host="127.0.0.1", port=3010):
return self.create_sender(host, port), self.create_receiver(host, port)
def test_create(self):
self.create_receiver()
def test_recv_async(self):
sender, receiver = self.create_sender_receiver()
start = time.time()
send_message = "TEST".encode('UTF-8')
Timer(0.1, sender.send, (send_message, )).start()
message = receiver.recv(128)
elapsed = time.time()-start
self.assertGreaterEqual(elapsed, 0.095)
self.assertLess(elapsed, 0.11)
self.assertEqual(message, send_message)
def test_interrupt_async(self):
receiver = self.create_receiver()
start = time.time()
Timer(0.1, receiver.interrupt).start()
message = receiver.recv(128)
elapsed = time.time()-start
self.assertGreaterEqual(elapsed, 0.095)
self.assertLess(elapsed, 0.11)
self.assertEqual(0, len(message))
def test_exception_after_interrupt(self):
sender, receiver = self.create_sender_receiver()
receiver.interrupt()
with self.assertRaises(RuntimeError):
receiver.recv(128)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
现在这段代码只是一个起点。为了使它更通用,我看到我们应该修复以下问题:
socket.recv()
之前调用,将中断扩展到其他recv
方法变得非常简单首先,我们更改test_interrupt_async()
以检查异常而不是空消息:
from interruptable_socket import InterruptException
def test_interrupt_async(self):
receiver = self.create_receiver()
start = time.time()
with self.assertRaises(InterruptException):
Timer(0.1, receiver.interrupt).start()
receiver.recv(128)
elapsed = time.time()-start
self.assertGreaterEqual(elapsed, 0.095)
self.assertLess(elapsed, 0.11)
在此之后,我们可以将return ''
替换为raise InterruptException
,然后测试再次通过。
准备扩展版本可以是:
interruptable_socket.py
import os
import socket
import select
class InterruptException(Exception):
pass
class InterruptableUdpSocketReceiver(object):
def __init__(self, host, port):
self._host = host
self._port = port
self._socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
self._socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self._async_interrupt = AsycInterrupt(self._socket)
def bind(self):
self._socket.bind((self._host, self._port))
def recv(self, buffersize, flags=0):
self._async_interrupt.wait_for_receive()
return self._socket.recv(buffersize, flags)
def interrupt(self):
self._async_interrupt.interrupt()
class AsycInterrupt(object):
def __init__(self, descriptor):
self._read, self._write = os.pipe()
self._interrupted = False
self._descriptor = descriptor
def interrupt(self):
self._interrupted = True
self._notify()
def wait_for_receive(self):
if self._interrupted:
raise RuntimeError("Cannot be reused")
read, _w, errors = select.select([self._read, self._descriptor], [], [self._descriptor])
if self._descriptor not in read:
raise InterruptException
def _notify(self):
os.write(self._write, "I".encode())
现在包含更多recv
函数,实现Windows版本或处理套接字超时变得非常简单。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
在服务器和客户端套接字上实现quit命令。应该像这样工作:
Thread1:
status: listening
handler: quit
Thread2: client
exec: socket.send "quit" ---> Thread1.socket @ host:port
Thread1:
status: socket closed()
答案 3 :(得分:0)
这里的解决办法是强行关闭socket。问题是这样做的方法是特定于操作系统的,而 Python 在抽象方法或后果方面做得不好。基本上,您需要在套接字上执行shutdown(),然后执行close()。在 Linux 等 POSIX 系统上,关闭是强制 recvfrom 停止的关键因素(仅调用 close() 不会这样做)。在 Windows 上,shutdown() 不影响 recvfrom 并且 close() 是关键元素。这正是您在 C 中实现此代码并使用本机 POSIX 套接字或 Winsock 套接字时会看到的行为,因此 Python 在这些调用之上提供了一个非常薄的层。
在 POSIX 和 Windows 系统上,此调用序列会导致引发 OSError。但是,异常的位置及其详细信息是特定于操作系统的。在 POSIX 系统上,在调用 shutdown() 时引发异常,并且异常的 errno 值设置为 107(传输端点未连接)。在 Windows 系统上,在调用 recvfrom() 时会引发异常,并且异常的 winerror 值设置为 10038(尝试对非套接字进行操作)。这意味着无法以与操作系统无关的方式执行此操作,代码必须考虑 Windows 和 POSIX 行为和错误。这是我写的一个简单示例:
import socket
import threading
import time
class MyServer(object):
def __init__(self, port:int=0):
if port == 0:
raise AttributeError('Invalid port supplied.')
self.port = port
self.socket = socket.socket(family=socket.AF_INET,
type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
self.socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', port))
self.exit_now = False
print('Starting server.')
self.thread = threading.Thread(target=self.run_server,
args=[self.socket])
self.thread.start()
def run_server(self, socket:socket.socket=None):
if socket is None:
raise AttributeError('No socket provided.')
buffer_size = 4096
while self.exit_now == False:
data = b''
try:
data, address = socket.recvfrom(buffer_size)
except OSError as e:
if e.winerror == 10038:
# Error is, "An operation was attempted on something that
# is not a socket". We don't care.
pass
else:
raise e
if len(data) > 0:
print(f'Received {len(data)} bytes from {address}.')
def stop(self):
self.exit_now = True
try:
self.socket.shutdown(socket.SHUT_RDWR)
except OSError as e:
if e.errno == 107:
# Error is, "Transport endpoint is not connected".
# We don't care.
pass
else:
raise e
self.socket.close()
self.thread.join()
print('Server stopped.')
if __name__ == '__main__':
server = MyServer(5555)
time.sleep(2)
server.stop()
exit(0)