Question

我想测量/优化应用程序的“冷启动”启动性能，如果没有实际重启，很难做到这一点，这显然不是一个理想的解决方案。

有没有办法让整个系统的文件缓存无效，这样映射的页面访问实际上会导致磁盘访问，这样我就可以测量程序启动所需的时间了？

的信息：

我非常需要FSCTL_DISMOUNT_VOLUME的功能，但对于系统卷。

Answer 1

至少在Windows 7上，似乎尝试打开没有 FILE_SHARE_WRITE共享权限的卷句柄会导致文件系统缓存失效 ，即使创建失败。

因此，我制作了一个程序，只为此调用CreateFile。

程序的Base64编码*：

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

来源：

// Usage: ClearCache C: D: #include <tchar.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <windows.h> int _tmain(int argc, LPTSTR argv[]) { LPCTSTR DOS_PREFIX = _T("\\\\.\\"); for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) { LPTSTR arg = argv[i]; LPTSTR path = (LPTSTR)calloc( _tcslen(arg) + _tcslen(DOS_PREFIX) + 1, sizeof(*arg)); __try { if (_istalpha(arg[0]) && arg[1] == _T(':') && (arg[2] == _T('\0') || arg[2] == _T('\\') && arg[3] == _T('\0'))) { _tcscat(path, DOS_PREFIX); } _tcscat(path, arg); HANDLE hFile = CreateFile(path, FILE_READ_DATA, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL); if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { CloseHandle(hFile); } else { DWORD le = GetLastError(); if (le != ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION && le != ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) { _ftprintf(stderr, _T("Error %d clearing %s\n"), le, argv[i]); return le; } } } __finally { free(path); } } return 0; }

_{*只是为了好玩，看看你是否可以通过反汇编来弄清楚可执行文件的功能。这不是典型的可执行文件。：）}

Answer 2

我写了一个简单的命令行实用程序：FlushFileCache

它依赖于未记录的NtSetSystemInformation函数，并且还可以刷新各种其他内存池。

Answer 3

大卫说的话。创建一个大文件，无论您需要多GB，并且每次要重置文件缓存时，请复制该文件。然后确保删除旧文件。

因此，创建BIGFILE1.DAT，将其复制到BIGFILE2.DAT，然后删除BIGFILE1.DAT（将其从磁盘和缓存中删除）。下一次，只需逆转过程。

附录：

好吧，另一个选择是获取映射的文件，并将它们复制到新文件，删除旧文件，然后将新文件重命名为旧文件。缓存由文件支持。如果文件“消失”，那么缓存也是如此。

如果您可以识别这些文件，并且系统/其他正在运行的程序不共享这些文件，那么脚本应该很简单，理想情况下，比复制6G文件要快得多。

Answer 4

您可以在VM启动后立即使用VM并拍摄快照。从快照恢复将比重新启动更快。

Answer 5

此解决方案效果很好：https://stackoverflow.com/a/7113153/913630

更具体地说，我正在这样做：

// open with FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING 
auto hFile = CreateFile(path.c_str(), GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, nullptr, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING, nullptr);

/// check
if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE){
    //_tprintf(TEXT("Terminal failure: unable to open file \"%s\" for read.\n"), argv[1]);
    cout << "error" << endl;
    return;
}

// close
CloseHandle(hFile);

// now open file with regular C++ API, and caching disabled
ifstream file(path, ios::binary | ios::ate);

如何使文件系统缓存无效？

的信息：

5 个答案:

来源：